Questão 1
Questão
a powerful form of communication that includes a speaker who has a reason for speaking, an audience that gives the speaker attention, and a message that is meant to accomplish a specific purpose
Responda
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public speaking
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audience analysis
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anecdotes
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demographics
Questão 2
Questão
a highly systematic process of getting to know one's listeners relative to the topic and speech occasion.
Responda
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plagarism
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statistics
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surveys
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audience analysis
Questão 3
Questão
sameness, as applied to a public speaker and his or her audience
Questão 4
Questão
a statement that expresses both he topic and the general speech purpose in action form and in terms of the specific objectives the speaker hopes to achieve with his or her presentation
Questão 5
Questão
a statement that conveys the central idea or core assumption about the speaker's topic
Questão 6
Questão
the opinion or judgment of an expert, a professional in his or her field
Responda
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expert testimony
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lay testimony
Questão 7
Questão
the opinion of a nonexpert who has personal experience of or has witnessed an event related to the speaker's topic
Responda
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lay testimony
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expert testimony
Questão 8
Questão
hard numbers and facts that are particularly useful for public speeches on medicine, health, media, or the environment
Questão 9
Questão
information provided in numerical form
Questão 10
Questão
brief, personal stories that have a point or a punch line
Questão 11
Questão
to solicit answers to a question or series of questions related to one's speech topic from a broad range of individuals
Questão 12
Questão
a type of secondary resource that is created and maintained by people rather than automatically by computers; guides visitors to the main page of a Web site organized within a wider subject category.
Responda
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library gateways
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directories
Questão 13
Questão
a collection of databases and information sites arranged by subject, generally reviewed and recommended by experts (usually librarians).
Responda
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directories
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library gateways
Questão 14
Questão
a program that indexes Web content and searches all over the Web for documents containing specific keywords that the researcher has chosen.
Responda
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search engines
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metasearch engines
Questão 15
Questão
a search engine that scans multiple search engines simultaneously.
Responda
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metasearch engines
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search engines
Questão 16
Questão
the quality, authority, and reliability of a source of information
Responda
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plagarism
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running bibliography
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credibility
Questão 17
Questão
a pattern of speech arrangement that present the main points of a message forward (or backwards) in a systematic, time-related fashion
Responda
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chronological pattern
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topical pattern
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primacy-recency effect
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spatial pattern
Questão 18
Questão
a pattern of speech arrangement that is based on organization into categories, such as persons, places, things, or processes
Responda
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chronological pattern
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topcial pattern
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primacy-recency effect
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spatial pattern
Questão 19
Questão
a pattern of speech arrangement that arranges main points in terms of their physical proximity or position in relation to each other (north to south, east to west, bottom to top, left to right, outside to inside, and so on).
Responda
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topical pattern
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spatial pattern
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primacy-recency effect
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chronological pattern
Questão 20
Questão
a pattern of speech arrangement that involves dramatizing an obstacle and then narrowing alternative remedies down to the one the speaker wants to recommend.
Questão 21
Questão
a pattern of speech arrangement that organizes the message around cause-to-effect or effect-to-cause relationships.
Questão 22
Questão
a pattern of speech arrangement that entail five phases based on the psychological elements of advertising: attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action.
Questão 23
Questão
a pattern of speech arrangement that ties points together in a way that present a vivid story, compete with characters, setting, plot, and imagery.
Questão 24
Questão
in a persuasive speech, a challenge to listeners to act in response to the speech, see the problem in a new way, or change their beliefs, actions, and behavior
Questão 25
Questão
a draft outline the speaker will use, and possibly revisit and revise continually, throughout the preparation for a speech; also known as a working outline
Responda
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preparation outline
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speaking outline
Questão 26
Questão
the final speech plan, complete with details, delivery tips, and important notes about presentation aids, also known as the delivery outline.
Responda
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speaking outline
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preparation outline
Questão 27
Questão
the nervousness one experiences when one knows that one has to communicate in front of an audience
Questão 28
Questão
a form of public speaking in which the speech is committed to memory
Questão 29
Questão
a style of public speaking that is spontaneous , without any warning or preparation
Responda
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impromptu speaking
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extemporaneous speaking
Questão 30
Questão
a style of public speaking that involves delivery with few or no notes, but for which the speaker carefully prepares for in advance
Responda
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extemporaneous speaking
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impromptu speaking
Questão 31
Questão
a reference to source materials that the speaker mentions in the narrative of a speech
Questão 32
Questão
a form of public speaking intended to increase the audience's understanding or knowledge
Responda
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persuasive speaking
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informative speaking
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public speaking
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exploratory speaking
Questão 33
Questão
presenting facts and information in a straight forward and evenhanded way, free of influence from the speaker's personal thoughts and opinions
Questão 34
Questão
presenting fact and information from a particular point of view
Questão 35
Questão
an approach to conveying information that involves painting a mental picture fro the audience
Responda
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descriptive presentation
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receptive audience
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explanatory speeches
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informative speaking
Questão 36
Questão
a speech that answers the question "Why?" or "What does that mean?" by offering thorough explanations of meaning
Responda
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demonstrative speeches
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definitional speeches
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explanatory speeches
Questão 37
Questão
a speech that answers how questions by showing an audience the way something works
Responda
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demonstrative speeches
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definitional speeches
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explanatory speeches
Questão 38
Questão
a presentation whose main goal is to provide answers to "what" questions by explaining to an audience what something is.
Responda
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definitional speeches
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demonstrative speeches
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explanatory speeches
Questão 39
Questão
the act of using manipulation, threats, intimidation, or violence to gain compliance.
Responda
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anchor position
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hostile audience
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coercion
Questão 40
Questão
speech that is intended to influence the attitudes, belief, and behavior of an audience.
Responda
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persuasive speaking
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explanatory speeches
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public speaking anxiety
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informative speaking
Questão 41
Questão
our general evaluation of people, ideas, objects, or events.
Questão 42
Questão
the way in which people perceive reality; our feelings about what is true and real and how confident we are about the validity of something
Responda
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beliefs
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behavior
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attitudes
Questão 43
Questão
observable communication, including both verbal and nonverbal messages; the manner in which we act or function in response to our attitudes and beliefs
Responda
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belief
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attitudes
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behavior
Questão 44
Questão
a claim of what is or what is not
Responda
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proposition of value
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proposition of policy
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proposition of fact
Questão 45
Questão
a claim about what goal, policy, or course of action should be pursued
Responda
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proposition of policy
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proposition of fact
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proposition of value
Questão 46
Questão
a claim about something's worth
Responda
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proposition of policy
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proposition of value
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proposition of fact
Questão 47
Questão
the theory that a speaker's ability to successfully persuade an audience depends on the audience's current attitudes or disposition toward the topic
Questão 48
Questão
an audience that opposes the speaker's message and perhaps the speaker personally; the hardest type of audience to persuade
Responda
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receptive audience
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neutral audience
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hostile audience
Questão 49
Questão
an audience that falls between the receptive audience and the hostile audience; neither supports nor opposes the speaker.
Responda
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hostile audience
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neutral audience
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receptive audience
Questão 50
Questão
an audience that already agrees with the speaker's viewpoints and message and is likely to respond favorably to the speech
Responda
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hostile audience
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receptive audience
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neutral audience
Questão 51
Questão
an interaction between two parties that is deliberate and purposeful for at least one of the parties involves
Responda
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performance appraisals
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exit interview
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interview
Questão 52
Questão
an interview that employers hold with employees who opt to leave the company, to identify organizational problems that might affect future employee retention.
Responda
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performance appraisals
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exit interview
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interview
Questão 53
Questão
the process of using interconnected groups or associations of persons one knows to develop relationships with their connections whom one does not know.
Responda
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interview
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performace appraisals
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exit interview
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networking
Questão 54
Questão
an interview designed to review an individual or party's accomplishments and develop goals for the future; used in corporate and academic environments
Responda
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performance appraisals
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selection interview
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networking
Questão 55
Questão
an interview whose primary goal is to secure or fill a position within an organization
Responda
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selection interview
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exit interview
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networking
Questão 56
Questão
a printed summary of one's education, work experiences, and accomplishments
Questão 57
Questão
a one-page letter indicating interest in a specific position
Questão 58
Questão
an audience's position on a topic at the outset of the speech
Questão 59
Questão
a model that highlights the importance of relevance to persuasion and holds that listeners process persuasive messages by one of two routes, depending on how important the message is to them.
Questão 60
Questão
critically thinking about the speaker's message, questioning it, and seriously considering acting on it; occurs when listeners are motivated and personally involved with the content of the message.
Responda
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central processing
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peripheral processing
Questão 61
Questão
giving little thought to a message or even dismissing it as irrelevant, too complex to follow, or simply unimportant, occurs when listeners lack motivation to listen critically or unable to do so.
Responda
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central processing
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peripheral processing
Questão 62
Questão
a form of rhetorical proof that appeals to ethics and concerns the qualifications and personality of the speaker
Questão 63
Questão
a form of rhetorical proof that appeals to logic and is directed at the audience's reasoning on a topic
Questão 64
Questão
a form of rhetorical proof that concerns the nature of the audience's feelings and appeals to their emotions.
Questão 65
Questão
an organizational pattern for persuasive speaking in which the speaker begins by presenting main points that are opposed to his or her own position and then follows them with main points that support his or her own position.
Questão 66
Questão
an organizing pattern for persuasive speaking in which the speaker shows that his or her viewpoint is superior to the other viewpoints on the topic
Questão 67
Questão
the occurrence of medicated communication on a very broad scale
Responda
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mass communication
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mediated communication
Questão 68
Questão
the use of technology to deliver messages between sources and receivers
Responda
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mass communication
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mediated communication
Questão 69
Questão
the merging of traditional mass communication with digital computing and telecommunication technologies
Responda
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low culture
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exponentiality
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media convergence
Questão 70
Questão
the economic principle that relatively few items bring most of the income to a particular industry, while the rest only add a little
Responda
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exponentiality
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media convergence
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low culture
Questão 71
Questão
entertainment that appeals to most people's baser instincts, typified by lurid, sensational images and stories charged with sex, violence, scandal, and abuse
Responda
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low culture
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media convergence
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exponentiality
Questão 72
Questão
in mass media, the process of targeting smaller, specific audiences; also known as rich marketing
Responda
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narrowcasting
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boradcasting
Questão 73
Questão
in mass media, carefully monitoring content and eliminating messages that might offend viewers or sponsors
Responda
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self-censorship
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narrative complexity
Questão 74
Questão
in mass media, complicated plots and connections between characters, a blurring of reality and fantasy, and time that is not always linear or chronological.
Responda
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narrative complexity
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self-censorship
Questão 75
Questão
signals carried over the airwaves from the station transmitter to a receiver.
Responda
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broadcasting
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narrowcasting
Questão 76
Questão
the expectation that media will serve certain needs
Responda
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media dependence
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third person effect
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user genreated content
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marketplace of ideas
Questão 77
Questão
the tendency to assume that negative media messages and bias have a much greater influence on other people than on oneself or people one thinks are like oneself
Responda
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media dependence
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third person effect
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marketplace of idea
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user generated content
Questão 78
Questão
songs, videos, and other content that individuals create an share publicly through mass media
Responda
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marketplace of idea
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user generated content
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media dependence
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third person effect
Questão 79
Questão
the open forum in which idea compete
Responda
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user generated content
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third person effect
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marketplace of ideas
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media dependence
Questão 80
Questão
the perspective that focuses not on what media does to us, but on what we do with media - that is, the way we make media choices (uses) to satisfy our needs and goals (gratifications).
Questão 81
Questão
the theory that we learn behavior by watching the behaviors of those whom we have identified as models
Questão 82
Questão
the argument that a steady, long-term diet of heavy television viewing results in perceptions of reality that match the (distorted) view of reality presented on television
Questão 83
Questão
the idea the extensive media coverage of a particular issue will "set the agenda" for what issues people are thinking and talking about
Responda
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gatekeeper
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agenda setting
Questão 84
Questão
those organization and individuals who control the creation and distribution of information and entertainment.
Responda
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agenda setting
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gatekeeper
Questão 85
Questão
the valuable resources, such as information and support, that come from having connections and relationships among people
Responda
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social capital
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citizen journalist
Questão 86
Questão
reporting and commenting on local events by nonprofessional, non-journalist citizens
Responda
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citizen journalist
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social capital
Questão 87
Questão
the gap between the haves and the have-nots in terms of regular access to modern technology, especially broadband connections
Responda
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information overload
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digital divide
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media literate
Questão 88
Questão
the difficulty in sorting through and making sense of vast amounts of information, created by the volume of messages made available by converging media
Responda
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information overload
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media literate
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digital divide
Questão 89
Questão
having an understanding of one's own media habits and critically evaluating and analyzing media sources and messages
Responda
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media literate
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digital divide
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information overload