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Chapter 13- Chemical Equilibrium

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Originally chapter 15
Dawn G
Quiz por Dawn G, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Dawn G
Criado por Dawn G mais de 7 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
At equilibrium, __________.
Responda
  • A) all chemical reactions have ceased
  • B) the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal
  • C) the rate constants of the forward and reverse reactions are equal
  • D) the value of the equilibrium constant is 1
  • E) the limiting reagent has been consumed

Questão 2

Questão
Which one of the following will change the value of an equilibrium constant?
Responda
  • A) changing temperature
  • B) adding other substances that do not react with any of the species involved in the equilibrium
  • C) varying the initial concentrations of reactants
  • D) varying the initial concentrations of products
  • E) changing the volume of the reaction vessel

Questão 3

Questão
The equilibrium-constant expression depends on the __________ of the reaction.
Responda
  • A) stoichiometry
  • B) mechanism
  • C) stoichiometry and mechanism
  • D) the quantities of reactants and products initially present
  • E) temperature

Questão 4

Questão
The equilibrium constant for reaction 1 is K. The equilibrium constant for reaction 2 is __________. (1) SO2 (g) + (1/2) O2 (g) --> SO3 (g) (2) 2SO3 (g) --> 2SO2 (g) + O2 (g)
Responda
  • A) K2
  • B) 2K
  • C) 1/2K
  • D) 1/K2
  • E) -K2

Questão 5

Questão
The value of Keq for the following reaction is 0.25: SO2 (g) + NO2 (g) ---> SO3 (g) + NO (g) The value of Keq at the same temperature for the reaction below is __________. 2SO2 (g) + 2NO2 (g) ---> 2SO3 (g) + 2NO (g)
Responda
  • A) 0.50
  • B) 0.063
  • C) 0.12
  • D) 0.25
  • E) 16

Questão 6

Questão
The Keq for the equilibrium below is 7.52 × 10-2 at 480.0°C. 2Cl2 (g) + 2H2O (g) --> 4HCl (g) + O2 (g) What is the value of Keq at this temperature for the following reaction? 4HCl (g) + O2 (g) --> 2Cl2 (g) + 2H2O (g)
Responda
  • A) 0.0752
  • B) -0.0752
  • C) 13.3
  • D) 5.66 × 10-3
  • E) 0.150

Questão 7

Questão
Given the following reaction at equilibrium, if Kc = 1.90 × 1019 at 25.0°C, Kp = __________. H2 (g) + Br2 (g) ---> 2 HBr (g)
Responda
  • A) 5.26 × 10-20
  • B) 1.56 × 104
  • C) 6.44 × 105
  • D) 1.90 × 1019
  • E) none of the above

Questão 8

Questão
The equilibrium constant for the gas phase reaction N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) --> 2NH3 (g) is Keq = 4.34 × 10-3 at 300°C. At equilibrium, __________.
Responda
  • A) products predominate
  • B) reactants predominate
  • C) roughly equal amounts of products and reactants are present
  • D) only products are present
  • E) only reactants are present

Questão 9

Questão
The equilibrium constant for the gas phase reaction 2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) --> 2SO3 (g) is Keq = 2.80 × 102 at 999 K. At equilibrium, __________.
Responda
  • A) products predominate
  • B) reactants predominate
  • C) roughly equal amounts of products and reactants are present
  • D) only products are present
  • E) only reactants are present

Questão 10

Questão
Consider the following equilibrium. 2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) --> 2SO3 (g) The equilibrium cannot be established when __________ is/are placed in a 1.0-L container.
Responda
  • A) 0.25 mol SO2 (g) and 0.25 mol O2 (g)
  • B) 0.75 mol SO2 (g)
  • C) 0.25 mol of SO2 (g) and 0.25 mol of SO3 (g)
  • D) 0.50 mol O2 (g) and 0.50 mol SO3 (g)
  • E) 1.0 mol SO3 (g)

Questão 11

Questão
At 400 K, the equilibrium constant for the reaction Br2 (g) + Cl2 (g) --> 2BrCl (g) is Kp = 7.0. A closed vessel at 400 K is charged with 1.00 atm of Br2 (g), 1.00 atm of Cl2 (g), and 2.00 atm of BrCl (g). Use Q to determine which of the statements below is true.
Responda
  • A) The equilibrium partial pressures of Br2, Cl2, and BrCl will be the same as the initial values.
  • B) The equilibrium partial pressure of Br2 will be greater than 1.00 atm.
  • C) At equilibrium, the total pressure in the vessel will be less than the initial total pressure.
  • D) The equilibrium partial pressure of BrCl (g) will be greater than 2.00 atm.
  • E) The reaction will go to completion since there are equal amounts of Br2 and Cl2.

Questão 12

Questão
How is the reaction quotient used to determine whether a system is at equilibrium?
Responda
  • A) The reaction quotient must be satisfied for equilibrium to be achieved.
  • B) At equilibrium, the reaction quotient is undefined.
  • D) The reaction is at equilibrium when Q > Keq.
  • E) The reaction is at equilibrium when Q = Keq.

Questão 13

Questão
Of the following equilibria, only __________ will shift to the right in response to a decrease in volume.
Responda
  • A) H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) ---> 2 HCl (g)
  • B) 2 SO3 (g) ---> 2 SO2 (g) + O2 (g)
  • C) N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) ---> 2 NH3 (g)
  • D) 2 Fe2O3 (s) ---> 4 Fe (s) + 3 O2 (g)
  • E) 2HI (g) ---> H2 (g) + I2 (g)

Questão 14

Questão
The reaction below is exothermic: 2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) ---> 2SO3 (g) Le Châtelier's Principle predicts that __________ will result in an increase in the number of moles of SO3 (g) in the reaction container.
Responda
  • A) increasing the pressure
  • B) decreasing the pressure
  • C) increasing the temperature
  • D) removing some oxygen
  • E) increasing the volume of the container

Questão 15

Questão
For the endothermic reaction CaCO3 (s) --> CaO (s) + CO2 (g) Le Châtelier's principle predicts that __________ will result in an increase in the number of moles of CO2.
Responda
  • A) increasing the temperature
  • B) decreasing the temperature
  • C) increasing the pressure
  • D) removing some of the CaCO3 (s)
  • E) none of the above

Questão 16

Questão
In which of the following reactions would increasing pressure at constant temperature not change the concentrations of reactants and products, based on Le Châtelier's principle?
Responda
  • A) N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g)
  • B) N2O4 (g) 2NO2 (g)
  • C) N2 (g) + 2O2 (g) 2NO2 (g)
  • D) 2N2 (g) + O2 (g) 2N2O (g)
  • E) N2 (g) + O2 (g) 2NO (g)

Questão 17

Questão
Consider the following reaction at equilibrium: 2NH3 (g) ---> N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ΔH° = +92.4 kJ Le Châtelier's principle predicts that adding N2 (g) to the system at equilibrium will result in __________.
Responda
  • A) a decrease in the concentration of NH3 (g)
  • B) a decrease in the concentration of H2 (g)
  • C) an increase in the value of the equilibrium constant
  • D) a lower partial pressure of N2
  • E) removal of all of the H2 (g)

Questão 18

Questão
Consider the following reaction at equilibrium: 2NH3 (g) ----> N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) Le Châtelier's principle predicts that the moles of H2 in the reaction container will increase with __________.
Responda
  • A) some removal of NH3 from the reaction vessel (V and T constant)
  • B) a decrease in the total pressure (T constant)
  • C) addition of some N2 to the reaction vessel (V and T constant)
  • D) a decrease in the total volume of the reaction vessel (T constant)
  • E) an increase in total pressure by the addition of helium gas (V and T constant)

Questão 19

Questão
Consider the following reaction at equilibrium: 2CO2 (g) ---> 2CO (g) + O2 (g) ΔH° = -514 kJ Le Châtelier's principle predicts that adding O2 (g) to the reaction container will __________.
Responda
  • A) increase the partial pressure of CO (g) at equilibrium
  • B) decrease the partial pressure of CO2 (g) at equilibrium
  • C) increase the value of the equilibrium constant
  • D) increase the partial pressure of CO2 (g) at equilibrium
  • E) decrease the value of the equilibrium constant

Questão 20

Questão
Consider the following reaction at equilibrium: 2CO2 (g) ----> 2CO (g) + O2 (g) ΔH° = -514 kJ Le Châtelier's principle predicts that an increase in temperature will __________.
Responda
  • A) increase the partial pressure of O2 (g)
  • B) decrease the partial pressure of CO2 (g)
  • C) decrease the value of the equilibrium constant
  • D) increase the value of the equilibrium constant
  • E) increase the partial pressure of CO

Questão 21

Questão
Consider the following reaction at equilibrium: C (s) + H2O (g) ----> CO (g) + H2 (g) Which of the following conditions will increase the partial pressure of CO?
Responda
  • A) decreasing the partial pressure of H2O (g)
  • B) removing H2O (g) from the system
  • C) decreasing the volume of the reaction vessel
  • D) decreasing the pressure in the reaction vessel
  • E) increasing the amount of carbon in the system

Questão 22

Questão
Consider the following reaction at equilibrium. 2CO2 (g) ---> 2CO (g) + O2 (g) ΔH° = -514 kJ Le Châtelier's principle predicts that the equilibrium partial pressure of CO (g) can be maximized by carrying out the reaction __________.
Responda
  • A) at high temperature and high pressure
  • B) at high temperature and low pressure
  • C) at low temperature and low pressure
  • D) at low temperature and high pressure
  • E) in the presence of solid carbon

Questão 23

Questão
Consider the following reaction at equilibrium: 2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) --> 2SO3 (g) ΔH° = -99 kJ Le Châtelier's principle predicts that an increase in temperature will result in __________.
Responda
  • A) a decrease in the partial pressure of SO3
  • B) a decrease in the partial pressure of SO2
  • C) an increase in Keq
  • D) no changes in equilibrium partial pressures
  • E) the partial pressure of O2 will decrease

Questão 24

Questão
The effect of a catalyst on an equilibrium is to __________.
Responda
  • A) increase the rate of the forward reaction only
  • B) increase the equilibrium constant so that products are favored
  • C) slow the reverse reaction only
  • D) increase the rate at which equilibrium is achieved without changing the composition of the equilibrium mixture
  • E) shift the equilibrium to the right

Questão 25

Questão
The value of Keq for the equilibrium H2 (g) + I2 (g) ---> 2 HI (g) is 794 at 25 °C. What is the value of Keq for the equilibrium below? 1/2 H2 (g) + 1/2 I2 (g) ---> HI (g)
Responda
  • A) 397
  • B) 0.035
  • C) 28
  • D) 1588
  • E) 0.0013

Questão 26

Questão
The value of Keq for the equilibrium H2 (g) + I2 (g) ---> 2 HI (g) is 794 at 25°C. At this temperature, what is the value of Keq for the equilibrium below? HI (g) ---> 1/2 H2 (g) + 1/2 I2 (g)
Responda
  • A) 1588
  • B) 28
  • C) 397
  • D) 0.035
  • E) 0.0013

Questão 27

Questão
Given the following reaction: CO (g) + 2H2(g) ---> CH3OH (g) In an experiment, 0.42 mol of CO and 0.42 mol of H2 were placed in a 1.00-L reaction vessel. At equilibrium, there were 0.29 mol of CO remaining. Keq at the temperature of the experiment is __________.
Responda
  • A) 2.80
  • B) 0.357
  • C) 14.5
  • D) 17.5
  • E) none of the above

Questão 28

Questão
At 200°C, the equilibrium constant (Kp) for the reaction below is 2.40 × 103. 2NO (g) ---> N2 (g) + O2 (g) A closed vessel is charged with 36.1 atm of NO. At equilibrium, the partial pressure of O2 is __________ atm.
Responda
  • A) 294
  • B) 35.7
  • C) 17.9
  • D) 6.00
  • E) 1.50 × 10-2

Questão 29

Questão
Given the following reaction at equilibrium, if Kc = 6.34 x 105 at 230.0°C, Kp = __________. 2NO (g) + O2 (g) ---> 2NO2 (g)
Responda
  • A) 3.67 × 10-2
  • B) 1.53 × 104
  • C) 6.44 × 105
  • D) 2.61 × 106
  • E) 2.62 × 107

Questão 30

Questão
Nitrosyl bromide decomposes according to the following equation. 2NOBr (g) ---> 2NO (g) + Br2 (g) A sample of NOBr (0.64 mol) was placed in a 1.00-L flask containing no NO or Br2. At equilibrium the flask contained 0.36 mol of NOBr. How many moles of NO and Br2, respectively, are in the flask at equilibrium?
Responda
  • A) .28,.28
  • B) .36,.18
  • C) .28,.14
  • D) .14,.23
  • E) .36,.36

Questão 31

Questão
If the value for the equilibrium constant is much greater than 1, then the equilibrium mixture contains mostly __________.
Responda
  • A) Reactants
  • B) Products
  • C) Neither, they are in equal amounts

Questão 32

Questão
The number obtained by substituting starting reactant and product concentrations into an equilibrium-constant expression is known as the __________.
Responda
  • A) Rate Constant
  • B) Reaction Quotient
  • C) Equilibrium Concentration
  • D) Reaction Rate

Questão 33

Questão
The relationship between the concentrations of reactants and products of a system at equilibrium is given by the law of mass action.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 34

Questão
If a reaction is endothermic, __________ the reaction temperature results in an increase in K.
Responda
  • A) Increasing
  • B) Decreasing
  • C) Constant

Questão 35

Questão
For an exothermic reaction, increasing the reaction temperature results in a(an) __________ in K.
Responda
  • A) Increasing
  • B) Decreasing
  • C) Constant

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