7415002
Descrição
Quiz por Zachariah Atteberry, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Zachariah Atteberry
quase 8 anos atrás
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Questão 1
Questão
Piaget described human thought in terms of two basic concepts:
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Logic and reason
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Logic and emotion
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Adaptation and affordances
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Assimilation and accommodation
Questão 2
Questão
A two-year-old child’s family has a pet dog. The child visits the neighbor’s house and sees their pet dog. Even though the neighbor’s dog is larger and a different color the child points to it and says “dog.” Which of Piaget’s processes does this demonstrate?
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Adaptation
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Accomodation
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Assimlation
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Acclamation
Questão 3
Questão
Piaget interpreted an infant’s tendency to explore new objects through sucking as an instance of
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Adaptation
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Assimilation
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Accomondation
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Oral exploration
Questão 4
Questão
Toy manufacturers need to be careful that toys and parts of toys are too large for children to put into their mouths. Piaget would interpret this as
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An understanding of children's tendency to assimilate
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Unnecessary intrusion in developmental process
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Understanding of egocentricity of young children
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Understanding of a children's lack of object performance
Questão 5
Questão
Piaget’s term for a pattern of action or a mental structure that is involved in acquiring or organizing knowledge is a(n)
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Invariance
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Heirarchy
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Schema
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Adaptation
Questão 6
Questão
After having several birthday parties at home, a six-year old develops a _____ for this type of an experience, so they will know what to expect if they go to someone else’s birthday party.
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Pattern
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Plan
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Habit
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Schema
Questão 7
Questão
A two-year-old child’s family has a pet cat. When they visit the zoo, the child sees a lion and calls it a cat. To modify the child’s misunderstanding, what process must occur according to Piaget?
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Accomodation
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Acclamation
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Assimilation
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Adaptation
Questão 8
Questão
Piaget’s term for the creation of new ways of responding to objects is
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Assimilation
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Schemata
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Accomodation
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Invariance
Questão 9
Questão
People expect whales to be fish because they live in the sea. The recognition that whales are mammals requires a(n) __________ of existing schemas.
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Assimilation
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Accomodation
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Learning
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Formalizing
Questão 10
Questão
Jean Piaget hypothesized that cognitive development progressed
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As a slow lifetime process
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As a result of heredity
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As a quantitative change process
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As an orderly sequence
Questão 11
Questão
Piaget’s stages of cognitive development are, in order of increasing age:
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sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational.
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sensorimotor, concrete operational, formal operational, preoperational.
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preoperational, operational, post operational, formal operational.
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assimilation, adaptation, accommodation.
Questão 12
Questão
During the sensorimotor stage, behavior becomes increasingly
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Cognitive
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Automatic
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Disorganized
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Purposeful
Questão 13
Questão
How does Piaget interpret the four- to eight-month-old’s interest in kicking a hanging toy and causing it to bounce?
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Assimilation to sucking reflexes
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Association based on memory
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Function of visual perception
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Active exploration of cause-effect relationships
Questão 14
Questão
A four-month-old infant is playing with keys. You place a magazine on top of the keys. The infant does not search for them. What does this demonstrate a lack of?
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Object permanence
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Accomodation
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Egocentrism
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Conservation
Questão 15
Questão
Prior to the age of six months, you could take a toy away from your infant and the baby would not protest. What Piagetian concept explains this observation?
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Object permanence
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Assimilation
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Concrete operations
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Accommodation
Questão 16
Questão
You find that your infant takes great pleasure in the game of peek-a-boo. What Piagetian concept explains this observation?
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Object permanence
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Deferred imitation
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Assimilation
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Preoperations
Questão 17
Questão
The acquisition of the basics of language at about age two allows the child to use words and symbols to represent objects. This begins the
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Cognitive stage process
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Preoperational stage
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Language operational stage
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Concrete operational stage
Questão 18
Questão
A three-year-old child who doesn’t understand that five single dollar bills are equal to a five-dollar bill is in Piaget’s _______ stage.
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Sensorimotor
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Preoperational
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Concrete operational
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Formal operational
Questão 19
Questão
A five-year-old is speaking on the telephone to his/her grandparent. The child holds up the picture they were describing and says to the grandparent “See.” According to Piaget, this demonstrates _____.
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Egocentrism
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Object performance
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Animism
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Artificialism
Questão 20
Questão
You are playing hide-and-seek with your preoperational child. You count to 10 while he/she hides. You find your child sitting in the middle of the room with his/her eyes closed. The child believes because he/she cannot see you, then you cannot see him/her. What does this demonstrate?
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intellectual impairment
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decentration
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object permanence
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egocentrism
Questão 21
Questão
Preoperational children attribute life to physical objects like the sun and the moon. What does this demonstrate?
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Artificialism
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Animism
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Egocentrism
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Conservation
Questão 22
Questão
Preoperational children attribute life to physical objects like the sun and the moon. What does this demonstrate?
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Animism
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Egocentrism
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Artificialism
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Conservation
Questão 23
Questão
You show a child two tall and thin glasses filled with equal amounts of water. You pour the water from one glass into a short, wide glass and tell the child to take the glass with the most water in it. You are observing the child’s capacity to
a. reason deductively. c. center on one aspect of the situation.
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Reason deudctively
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Conserve
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Center on one aspect of the situation
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Abstract
Questão 24
Questão
The preoperational child judges only the consequences of an action and cannot center on both consequences and intention. Piaget describes this as
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Immoral
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Objective responbility
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Injustive
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Subjective moral judgement
Questão 25
Questão
Concrete operational children are capable of __________; they can center on two dimensions of a problem at once.
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Formal opreations
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Visual motor integration
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Cause-effect reasoning
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Decentration
Questão 26
Questão
Concrete operational children become __________ in their moral judgments. When assigning guilt, they center on the intentions of the wrongdoer
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Objective
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Rational
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Subjective
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Predictable
Questão 27
Questão
One child breaks 15 dishes accidentally, and another child breaks one dish while attempting to steal money from the family change jar. Using the moral judgment of a concrete operational child, whose deed is naughtier?
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Child who broke the most dishes
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Child who broke the dishes while stealing
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Child who broke dishes accidentally
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Child who broke dishes deliberately
Questão 28
Questão
Concrete operational children understand the law of __________; that is, they understand that the basic properties of substances such as weight and volume stay the same when you change superficial properties such as their shape or arrangement.
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Conservation
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Effect
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Formal operations
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Symbolic reasoning
Questão 29
Questão
Awareness of the concept of decentration supports conservation because it allows children to
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Consider intentions
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Center on two dimensions rather than one
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Figure out what they're supposed to do
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Change their minds
Questão 30
Questão
Piaget’s concept for the concrete operational child’s capacity to understand that many processes can be undone, reversed, and restored to their previous condition is
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Intentionality
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Reversibility
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Decentration
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Induction
Questão 31
Questão
When you arrange two rows of five pennies each and place them a half-inch apart in the first row while separating the other row of five pennies by three inches, the preoperational child will say that the second row has more pennies. However, the concrete operational child has the capacity to __________ numbers and will not make this same error.
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Add
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Subtract
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Symbolize
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Conserve
Questão 32
Questão
Because concrete operational children are less egocentric, they can increasingly
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Take objective responsbility
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Take perspective of another
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Take conservative positions
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Reason artificially
Questão 33
Questão
Conservation, decentration, reversibility, and subjective responsibility are generally achieved at about __________ years.
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1-2
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3-5
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7-10
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12-15
Questão 34
Questão
Which of the following is a criticism of Piaget’s theory?
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Piaget underestimated the ages at which children developed cognitively.
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Egocentrism and conservation develop more continuously—they may not occur in stages.
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Piaget overestimated the cognitive abilities of infants.
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Both a and b
Questão 35
Questão
Support for Piaget’s theory has been found in his view that
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preschoolers are egocentric and lack conservation.
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cognitive development progresses discontinuously.
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cognitive development occurs in a particular sequence.
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all of these.
Questão 36
Questão
Kohlberg’s theory of moral development is a(n) __________ theory.
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Information-processing
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Metamemory
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Stage
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Untested
Questão 37
Questão
What method of study did Kohlberg use?
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Conventional
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Post conventional
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Nonconventional
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Preconventional
Questão 38
Questão
A child who cleans up their room to avoid losing a privilege is operating at the _____ level of Kohlberg’s theory.
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Conventional
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Post conventional
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Nonconventional
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Preconventional
Questão 39
Questão
Children at the __________ level of moral reasoning base their judgments on the consequences of behavior.
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Preconventional
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Conventional
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Postconventional
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Metaconventional
Questão 40
Questão
An adult who chooses not to park in a handicap space because they want to avoid a ticket and fine, is operating at the _____ level of Kohlberg’s theory.
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Nonconventional
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Post convention
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Preconventional
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Conventional
Questão 41
Questão
A third grader who decides not to cheat on a test because if caught their parents would be displeased with them, is operating at the _____ level of Kohlberg’s theory
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Postconvetional
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Nonconventional
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Preconventional
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Conventional
Questão 42
Questão
A third grader who decides not to cheat on a test because if caught their parents would be displeased with them, is operating at the _____ level of Kohlberg’s theory
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Metamoral
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Good-boy/good-girl
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Punishment
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Law and order
Questão 43
Questão
If a person reasIf a person reasons that Heinz could solve his moral dilemma by obeying the law, even at the cost of his wife’s life, then that person demonstratesons that Heinz could solve his moral dilemma by obeying the law, even at the cost of his wife’s life, then that person demonstrates
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Preconventional reasoning
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Postconventional reasoning
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Stage one reasoning
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Conventional reasoning
Questão 44
Questão
If a person reasons that Heinz could solve his moral dilemma by obeying the law, even at the cost of his wife’s life, then that person demonstrates
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Moral reasoning follows a developmental sequence
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Most people reach the post conventional level
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There are no prerequisites for the post conventional level
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Some people may skip stages
Questão 45
Questão
Research demonstrates that _______ is a prerequisite for postconventional reasoning
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Formal operational thinking
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Concrete operational thinking
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Preoperational thinking
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None of these
Questão 46
Questão
Inconsistencies in Kohlberg’s theory have been found with the fact that
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Moral reasoning follows a developmental seqeuence
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Most people reach the post conventional level
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Piaget's formal operations are a prerequisite for post conventional reasoning
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Children who are exposed to examples of moral reasoning above their own stage will follow along
Questão 47
Questão
described the psychosocial stages of development.
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Jean piaget
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Erik erikson
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Sigmund freud
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Lawrence kohlberg
Questão 48
Questão
According to Erikson, the infant-parent relationship can affect issues associated with _____ during the first year of life.
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Guilt
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Trust
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Autonomy
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Identity
Questão 49
Questão
Erik Erikson described an early stage of psychosocial development during which we depend on primary caretakers. This relationship determines the emergence of
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Attachment
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Autonomy
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Trust versus mistrust
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Attachment versus autonomy
Questão 50
Questão
According to Erikson, a toddler who is given opportunities to explore and manipulate things in their environment and who is encouraged to investigate will gain a sense of
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Trust
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Autonomy
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Superirity
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Inferiority
Questão 51
Questão
The four childhood goals of social development, according to Erikson, are:
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Trust, identity, intimacy, industry
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Autonomy, initiative, integrity, trust
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Trust, autonomy, initiative, indsutry
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Trust, generativity, identity, industry
Questão 52
Questão
Authoritative parents are both strict and
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Easygoing with children
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Rejecting
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Poor communicators
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Respectful toward children
Questão 53
Questão
Which parenting style is most likely to have strict guidelines about what is right and wrong and to expect the child to adhere to those guidelines without question?
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Authoritarian
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Permissive
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Restrictive
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Authoritative
Questão 54
Questão
What do authoritative and authoritarian parents have in common?
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Both have strict standards
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Both rely on force to gain compliance
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Predictable and don't rely on communication
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Can be cold and rejecting
Questão 55
Questão
A child’s father is not very affectionate and demands that the child not speak to an adult unless spoken to, that he/she always put away one toy before taking out another, and that soft drinks be consumed only on special occasions. This child’s father can be described as
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Permissive
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Authoritarian
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Authoritative
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Strict
Questão 56
Questão
A child’s mother seldom objects if her child interrupts, and she seldom requires that her child take responsibility for cleaning his/her room or completing homework. This mother’s parenting style would be considered
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Permissive
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Authoritarian
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Flexible
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Authoritative
Questão 57
Questão
Permissive parents are poor at communicating but...
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Are warm and supportive
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Rely on force
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Willing to reason with their children
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Temper their strictness
Questão 58
Questão
What do permissive and authoritarian parents have in common?
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Both indifferent
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Both poor communicators
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Both easygoing
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Both strict
Questão 59
Questão
_____________ parents show little encouragement or warmth toward their children and tend to leave them on their own.
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Uninvolved
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Authoritarian
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Authoritative
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Permissive
Questão 60
Questão
The most competent children tend to have
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Involved parents
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Authoritarian families
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Authoritative parents
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Permissive learning styles
Questão 61
Questão
116. During a parent-teacher conference, a father says, “My child will do what I say because I say so, no ifs, ands, or buts!” The child of this parent has academic and social problems. The parent’s statement demonstrates
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Permissive
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Authoritative
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Authoritarian
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Uninvolved
Questão 62
Questão
Children of uninvolved parents tend to have _______________than children whose parents are more involved.
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Poorer academic achivement
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High rates of deliquency
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Greater social competence
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Poorer academic performance and higher delinquency rates
Questão 63
Questão
Baumrind’s study of parenting styles connects
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authoritative parenting with mature and competent children.
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permissive parenting with indifferent parents.
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authoritarian parenting with instrumental competence.
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permissive parenting with creativity.
Questão 64
Questão
According to Piaget, cognitive maturity is
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Never achieved
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Represented by formal operations
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Taking objective responsbility
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conventional moral judgment.
Questão 65
Questão
Children who recognize that all the ideals they have been taught are not always indicative of the way people act in reality, are experiencing Piaget’s _____ stage of cognitive development.
Responda
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Formal operational
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Preoperational
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Concrete operational
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Abstract reasoning
Questão 66
Questão
Formal operational children derive rules for action based on
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General principles
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Physical properties of objects
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Concrete Observations
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Learning by doing
Questão 67
Questão
Kohlberg’s level of moral reasoning that may arise during adolescence is the
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Preconventional level
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Postconrete level
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Concrete level
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Postconventional
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