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BIOL 108 Exam 4 Study Quiz

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Quiz on BIOL 108 Exam 4 Study Quiz, created by Hannah Erickson on 17/11/2017.
Hannah Erickson
Quiz by Hannah Erickson, updated more than 1 year ago
Hannah Erickson
Created by Hannah Erickson about 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Select the correct term in the drop box for each statement. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Connects the brain to the spinal cord; regulates heart rate and blood pressure and generates respiratory rhythms 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Regulates body temperature and contains your biological clock 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Receives and processes visual and other sensory input, responsible for conscious thought and personality, controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscle 4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Monitors body position and modifies motor impulses from your conscious brain
Answer
  • 1. Brain stem
  • 1. Cerebellum
  • 1. Cerebrum
  • 1. Diencephalon
  • 2. Brain stem
  • 2. Cerebellum
  • 2. Cerebrum
  • 2. Diencephalon
  • 3. Brain stem
  • 3. Cerebellum
  • 3. Cerebrum
  • 3. Diencephalon
  • 4. Brain stem
  • 4. Cerebellum
  • 4. Cerebrum
  • 4. Diencephalon

Question 2

Question
Select the following term(s) that can be measured using a spirometer.
Answer
  • Residual volume
  • Tidal volume
  • Respiratory rate
  • Total lung capacity
  • Vital capacity

Question 3

Question
The two hormones that regulate blood calcium levels are calcitonin and thyroxine (T3/T4).
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 4

Question
Select the correct term in the drop-down box for each sentence. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Released from the pituitary; binds to receptors on cells in the kidneys 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Released from the adrenal medulla in response to activity of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system as a response to short-term stress 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Stimulates cells in the liver to pull glucose molecules out of the blood and build them into a storage molecule called glycogen 4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Nearly every cell in the body has receptors that bind this hormone; increases metabolic rate of target cells; released from the pituitary 5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Released from the hypothalamus; binds to receptors in the anterior pituitary gland where it regulates the secretion of other hormones 6. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Released from the pancreas; stimulates cells throughout the body to increase glucose transport
Answer
  • 1. Antidiuretic hormone
  • 1. Epinephrine
  • 1. Growth hormone
  • 1. Insulin
  • 1. Releasing/inhibiting hormones
  • 2. Antidiuretic hormone
  • 2. Epinephrine
  • 2. Growth hormone
  • 2. Insulin
  • 2. Releasing/inhibiting hormones
  • 3. Antidiuretic hormone
  • 3. Epinephrine
  • 3. Growth hormone
  • 3. Insulin
  • 3. Releasing/inhibiting hormones
  • 4. Antidiuretic hormone
  • 4. Epinephrine
  • 4. Growth hormone
  • 4. Insulin
  • 4. Releasing/inhibiting hormones
  • 5. Antidiuretic hormone
  • 5. Epinephrine
  • 5. Growth hormone
  • 5. Insulin
  • 5. Releasing/inhibiting hormones
  • 6. Antidiuretic hormone
  • 6. Epinephrine
  • 6. Growth hormone
  • 6. Insulin
  • 6. Releasing/inhibiting hormones

Question 5

Question
Label the following highlighted elements of this diagram.
Image:
Lungsnum (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • A. Diaphragm
  • A. Larynx
  • A. Alveolus (air sac)
  • A. Bronchus
  • A. Trachea
  • B. Diaphragm
  • B. Larynx
  • B. Alveolus (air sac)
  • B. Bronchus
  • B. Trachea
  • C. Diaphragm
  • C. Larynx
  • C. Alveolus (air sac)
  • C. Bronchus
  • C. Trachea
  • D. Diaphragm
  • D. Larynx
  • D. Alveolus (air sac)
  • D. Bronchus
  • D. Trachea
  • E. Diaphragm
  • E. Larynx
  • E. Alveolus (air sac)
  • E. Bronchus
  • E. Trachea

Question 6

Question
Hormones will have a stronger effect on the body whehn they are more abundant or when there are more receptors for that hormone.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
Type II diabetes is an autoimmune disorder in which the pancreatic cells that produce insulin are destroyed, which causes a lack of insulin production; it can be corrected with insulin shots.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 8

Question
The endocrine system has certain characteristics that set it apart from the nervous system. Which characteristics are typical of the endocrine system, but NOT the nervous system?
Answer
  • Hormones released from a gland can affect the activity of cells in a variety of locations within the body, whereas one action potential travels to one specific location within the body.
  • Signals have an immediate effect on target cells.
  • Signals are sent using a combination of electrical and chemical signals
  • Hormones rely on cell receptors to transfer a message but neurotransmitters do not require receptors.

Question 9

Question
Which of the following events associated with the transmission of an impulse across a synapse occurs last?
Answer
  • Neurotransmitter is released into synaptic shift
  • Action potential arrives at the end of an axon (the axon terminal, or bulb)
  • Neurotransmitter binds to receptors on postsynaptic membrane
  • Neurotransmitter is broken down by enzymes or transported into presynaptic axon

Question 10

Question
The central nervous system is composed of
Answer
  • Nerves and ganglia
  • The brain and spinal cord
  • The nerves and tracts
  • The cerebrum and cerebellum

Question 11

Question
Breathing in carbon monoxide can cause health problems because
Answer
  • It competes with oxygen for binding sites on hemoglobin, which reduces oxygen loading at the lungs and delivery to the tissues
  • It impairs pacemaker cells in the heart and slows the heart rate, which reduces blood flow to the body's tissues
  • It can come out of the solution while circulating in theh blood, whihc forms tiny, painful bubbles in the blood
  • It affects the brain in a way that is similar to excess alcohol consumption--ie, it has an intoxicating effect

Question 12

Question
Caffeine affects the nervous system by
Answer
  • Inhibitnig the release of antidiuretic hormone
  • Blocking the receptors for adenosine
  • Inhibiting activity in the cerebellum
  • Enhancing the effects of cortisol

Question 13

Question
Physicians recommend that people breathe through their noses instead of their mouths. Which of the following occurs as air is drawn into the blood through the nose?
Answer
  • Air is dried
  • Carbon dioxide is removed from the air
  • Air is warmed and filtered
  • Moisture is removed from the air

Question 14

Question
Neurons store neurotransmitters in vesicles located within
Answer
  • Synaptic terminals of axons
  • Schwann cells
  • Dendrites
  • Myelin

Question 15

Question
As you exhale, the diaphragm
Answer
  • Contracts and becomes less dome shaped
  • Relaxes and becomes less dome shaped
  • Contracts and becomes more dome-shaped
  • Relaxes and becomes more dome-shaped

Question 16

Question
Where does the cerebral cortex dedicate the most space to processing sensory input from?
Answer
  • Fingertips
  • Soles of the feet
  • Neck
  • Forearm

Question 17

Question
If you consume caffeine daily for weeks at a time, its effects on your nervous system are reduced because
Answer
  • The blood-brain barrier becomes less permeable to caffeine, which makes it less able to get into your brain
  • The neurons in hyour brain add more receptors that bind caffeine
  • The hypothalamus secretes inhibiting hormones that reduce the effect of caffeine on your brain
  • The neurons in your brain make fewer receptors that bind caffeine

Question 18

Question
Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland?
Answer
  • Liver
  • Pituitary
  • Thyroid
  • Adrenal cortex

Question 19

Question
Select the following true statements regarding the effect of smoking on the respiratory system:
Answer
  • The production of mucus decreases in response to the presence of smoke.
  • Smoking inhibits the activity of cilia lining the respiratory tract
  • Particles and debris from the smoke accumulate in the mucus of the airway and increase risk for infections by pathogens

Question 20

Question
Steroid hormones differ from non-steroid hormones in that steroid hormones...
Answer
  • Are water soluble
  • Can typically be introduced to the body through ingestion of an oral (pill) form
  • Cause a change to occur in the target cell
  • Bind to a receptor on the outer surface of the cell membrane

Question 21

Question
Humans must constantly breathe in oxygen in order to stay alive, because they use oxygen
Answer
  • To make carbon dioxide, which is thehn used to produce ATP
  • To efficiently make large quantities of ATP
  • As an important source of energy for cells
  • To convert amino acids and fatty acids to glucose, which the cell can use to make energy

Question 22

Question
The left and right cerebral hemispheres are connected by the corpus callosum, which can be severed as a a treatment for severe cases of
Answer
  • epilepsy
  • multiple sclerosis
  • drug addiction
  • carbon monoxide poisoning

Question 23

Question
Which of the following would cause an acceleration of heart rate, an increase in blood pressure, and a slowing of digestive processes?
Answer
  • Motor division of the somatic nervous system
  • Sensory division of the central nervous system
  • Sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
  • Parasympathetic division of the automatic nervous system

Question 24

Question
Select the correct term from the drop-down box for each of the following statements. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A bundle of axons located outside of the brain or spinal cord 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Increases the speed of transmission of an action potential 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A cluster of neuron cell bodies located outside of the brain or spinal cord 4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A relatively long cytoplasmic extension from the cell body of a neuron that transmits action potentials 5. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A short, branched cytoplasmic extension from the cell body of a neuron that transmits graded potentials toward the cell body 6. [blank_start]______[blank_end] An electrically excitable cell
Answer
  • 1. Axon
  • 1. Dendrite
  • 1. Ganglion
  • 1. Myelin sheath
  • 1. Nerve
  • 1. Neuron
  • 2. Axon
  • 2. Dendrite
  • 2. Ganglion
  • 2. Myelin sheath
  • 2. Nerve
  • 2. Neuron
  • 3. Axon
  • 3. Dendrite
  • 3. Ganglion
  • 3. Myelin sheath
  • 3. Nerve
  • 3. Neuron
  • 4. Axon
  • 4. Dendrite
  • 4. Ganglion
  • 4. Myelin sheath
  • 4. Nerve
  • 4. Neuron
  • 5. Axon
  • 5. Dendrite
  • 5. Ganglion
  • 5. Myelin sheath
  • 5. Nerve
  • 5. Neuron
  • 6. Axon
  • 6. Dendrite
  • 6. Ganglion
  • 6. Myelin sheath
  • 6. Nerve
  • 6. Neuron

Question 25

Question
Match the correct brain area from the drop-down box to its correct description. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Controls personality, thoughts, reasoning 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Output to skeletal muscles; tells them to move 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Receives input from sensory receptors that monitor external environment 4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Plans speech and interprets meaning of speech
Answer
  • 1. Wernicke's area
  • 1. Prefrontal area
  • 1. Motor area
  • 1. Somatosensory area
  • 2. Wernicke's area
  • 2. Prefrontal area
  • 2. Motor area
  • 2. Somatosensory area
  • 3. Wernicke's area
  • 3. Prefrontal area
  • 3. Motor area
  • 3. Somatosensory area
  • 4. Wernicke's area
  • 4. Prefrontal area
  • 4. Motor area
  • 4. Somatosensory area

Question 26

Question
If you live long enough, hyou will eventually need reading glasses, because of age-related chages to the...
Answer
  • Retina
  • Cornea
  • Pupil
  • Lens

Question 27

Question
Which structure is in direct contact with the air?
Answer
  • Pupil
  • Sclera
  • Cornea
  • Iris

Question 28

Question
Which of the following can readily cross the blood-brain barrier?
Answer
  • Oxygen
  • Red blood cells
  • White blood cells
  • Viruses

Question 29

Question
Which of hese endocrine structures is part of the brain?
Answer
  • Pituitary gland
  • Hypothalamus
  • Adrenal medulla
  • Cerebellum

Question 30

Question
This subconscious (involuntary) brain region monitors body position and modifies motor plans to coordinate muscle activity
Answer
  • Diencephalon
  • Brain strem
  • Cerebellum
  • Cerebrum

Question 31

Question
Oligodendrocytes are similar to Schwann cells in that they both
Answer
  • Help neurons regenerate after injury
  • Are a glial cell that forms a myelin sheath around axons
  • Are located in the central nervous system
  • Conduct nerve impulses

Question 32

Question
Which of the following structures contains muscles that adjust the diameter of your pupil to regulate how much light enters your eye?
Answer
  • Cornea
  • Sclera
  • Ciliary body
  • Iris

Question 33

Question
Which structure contains the highest density of cones, whihc provides the highest visual acuity (ie, clearest vision) when you focus an object directly onto this structure?
Answer
  • Macula lutea
  • Optic disc
  • Ciliary body
  • Lens

Question 34

Question
Neurons store neurotransmitters in vesicles located within
Answer
  • Dendrites
  • Myelin
  • Synaptic terminals of axons
  • Schwann cells

Question 35

Question
The peripheral nervous system is composed of
Answer
  • Nerves and tracts
  • The cerebrum and cerebellum
  • Nerves and ganglia
  • The brain and the spinal cord

Question 36

Question
Which of the following pairs of hormones antagonize each other, meaning that they have the opposite effect on body cells?
Answer
  • Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and estrogen
  • Epinephrine and cortisol
  • Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)
  • Insulin and glycogen

Question 37

Question
Hormones are specific to particular tissues because
Answer
  • They are released next to target tissues, so they cannot interact with other cells
  • Target tissues display the appropriate receptor for a particular hormone
  • They only affect the cell that releases the hormone

Question 38

Question
Action potentials travel along these cytoplasmic extensions of a neuron
Answer
  • Cell bodies
  • Axons
  • Myelin sheaths
  • Dendrites

Question 39

Question
This structure contributes the most to the bending of light rays as they enter the eye, although it does it in a non-adjustable way
Answer
  • Ciliary body
  • Iris
  • Cornea
  • Lens

Question 40

Question
A neuron at rest has a charge difference across its cell membrane, with the interior of the cell negative relative to the exterior. This difference in charge across the plasma membrane is referred to as ____ potential
Answer
  • Graded
  • Depolarization
  • Resting
  • Refractory
  • Action

Question 41

Question
Which of these causes the release of neurotransmitter molecules?
Answer
  • The opening of voltage-regulated calcium channels and the diffusion of calcium ions out of the neuron
  • An action potential reaching the end of the cell body
  • An action potentila reaching the end of an axon
  • An action potential reaching the end of the dendrite

Question 42

Question
The space between an axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron is called a(n)
Answer
  • Synaptic cleft
  • Node of Ranvier
  • Synapse
  • Synaptic terminal

Question 43

Question
Neurons store neurotransmitter molecules in vesicles located within
Answer
  • Myelin
  • The synaptic cleft
  • Dendrites
  • Synaptic terminals

Question 44

Question
Cells that provide direct protection and physical support to neurons are
Answer
  • Myelienated
  • Neuroglial cells
  • Found primarily in lymphatic fluids
  • Located only in the spinal fluid

Question 45

Question
An action potential....
Answer
  • Is larger in response to larger stimuli
  • Is self-propagating
  • Travels faster in response to larger stimuli
  • Can travel in both directions down an axon or dendrite

Question 46

Question
An impulse relayed along a myelinated axon "jumps" from [blank_start]node of Ranvier[blank_end] to [blank_start]node of Ranvier[blank_end].
Answer
  • (1) node of Ranvier
  • (1) Oligodendrocyte
  • (1) Schwann cell
  • (2) node of Ranvier
  • (2) Oligodendrocyte
  • (2) Schwann cell

Question 47

Question
What part of a neuron relays signals from one neuron to another neuron or to an effector?
Answer
  • Axon hillock
  • Synaptic terminal
  • Axon
  • Node of Ranvier

Question 48

Question
Select the following answers which are functions of the myelin sheath.
Answer
  • It slows down the transmission of action potentials.
  • It is involved in the repair of damaged neurons in the peripheral nervous system.
  • It insulates a neuron and saves the neuron energy.
  • It plays an important role in synaptic transmission.

Question 49

Question
A nerve impulse moves toward a neuron's cell body along
Answer
  • Dendrites
  • Axons
  • Oligodendrocytes
  • Nodes of Ranvier

Question 50

Question
When neurotransmitter molecules bind to receptors in the plasma membrane of the receiving neuron, ....
Answer
  • Ion channels in the plasma membrane of the sending neuron open
  • Ion channels in the plasma membrane of the receiving neuron open
  • The receiving neuron becomes more negative inside
  • The receiving neuron becomes more positive inside

Question 51

Question
The small space between the sending neuron and the recceiving neuron is the
Answer
  • Synaptic terminal
  • Calcium channel
  • Vesicle
  • Synaptic cleft

Question 52

Question
When calcium ions enter the synaptic terminal,
Answer
  • They cacuse an action potential in the sending neuron
  • They cause vesicles containing neurotransmiter molecules to fuse to the plasma membrane of the sending neuron
  • Neurotransmitter molecules are quickly remoed from the synaptic cleft
  • The inside of the receiving neuron becomes more negative

Question 53

Question
The peripherary nervous system includes a sensory division and a motor division.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 54

Question
The central nervous sytem is encclosed by membranes or meninges called the
Answer
  • Dura mater, alma mater, and pia mater
  • Dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid
  • Pleura, parietal, and arachnoid
  • Glial, Schwann, and interstitial

Question 55

Question
Which of the following is NOT directly involved in the production of a typical spinal reflex?
Answer
  • Brain
  • Interneuron
  • Motor neuron
  • Sensory neuron

Question 56

Question
In general, the [blank_start]sympathetic nervous system[blank_end] is most active during a crisis (eg, flight-or-flight) while the [blank_start]parasympathetic nervous system[blank_end] is most active during visceral functions.
Answer
  • (1) sympathetic nervous system
  • (1) parasympathetic nervous system
  • (2) parasympathetic nervous system
  • (2) sympathetic nervous system

Question 57

Question
Both sympathetic nerve fibers and parasympathetic nerve fibers use the same neurotransmitter.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 58

Question
Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers may innervate the same organs, but they have generally opposite effects.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 59

Question
In general, the neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system is acetylcholine, and the neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system is norepinephrine.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 60

Question
White matter of the spinal cord contains [blank_start]myelinated nerves[blank_end], whereas gray matter contains [blank_start]unmyelinated cell bodies[blank_end].
Answer
  • (1) myelinated nerves
  • (1) unmyelinated cell bodies
  • (2) unmyelinated cell bodies
  • (2) myelinated nerves

Question 61

Question
Control of smooth muscle and internal organs is the role of the [blank_start]autonomic[blank_end] divsion of the nervous sytem.
Answer
  • Autonomic
  • Somatic
  • Postsynaptic

Question 62

Question
The [blank_start]parasympathetic division[blank_end] of the nervous system dominates during the relaxed state.
Answer
  • parasympathetic division
  • somatic division
  • autonomic divsion
  • sympathetic division

Question 63

Question
Information coming into the central nervous system arrives via [blank_start]sensory neurons[blank_end], while information going from the central nervous system to the muscles, glands, and organs travels via [blank_start]motor neurons[blank_end].
Answer
  • sensory neurons
  • motor neurons
  • neuroglial cells
  • motor neurons
  • sensory neurons
  • interneurons
  • neuroglial cells
  • interneurons

Question 64

Question
Which of the following activities would be facilitated by the sympathetic nervous system?
Answer
  • Decreased heart rate
  • Decreased respiratory rate
  • Increased blood pressure
  • Increased digestion and absorption

Question 65

Question
Label the four main regions of the brain.
Image:
Brain 1007686 960 720 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • (4) Occipital lobe
  • (4) Parietal lobe
  • (4) Frontal lobe
  • (4) Temporal lobe
  • (3) Occipital lobe
  • (3) Parietal lobe
  • (3) Temporal lobe
  • (3) Frontal lobe
  • (2) Occipital lobe
  • (2) Parietal lobe
  • (2) Temporal lobe
  • (2) Frontal lobe
  • (1) Occipital lobe
  • (1) Parietal lobe
  • (1) Temporal lobe
  • (1) Frontal lobe

Question 66

Question
Select the following elements contained in the FRONTAL LOBE of the human brain.
Answer
  • Higher intellectual functions (decision-making, predicting the consequences of actions, controlling aggression, planning for the future)
  • Motor area (voluntary movement)
  • Somatosensory cortex
  • Sensory area (tactile sensation, self-awareness)
  • Visual area (processing visual information)
  • Auditory area (processing auditory information and some visual information)
  • Memory (and some emotion)

Question 67

Question
Select the following elements contained in the PARIETAL LOBE of the human brain.
Answer
  • Higher intellectual functions (decision-making, predicting the consequences of actions, controlling aggression, planning for the future)
  • Motor area (voluntary movement)
  • Somatosensory cortex
  • Sensory area (tactile sensation, self-awareness)
  • Visual area (processing visual information)
  • Auditory area (processing auditory information and some visual information)
  • Memory (and some emotion)

Question 68

Question
Select the following elements contained in the OCCIPITAL LOBE of the human brain.
Answer
  • Higher intellecctual functions (decision-making, predicting the consequences of actions, controlling aggression, planning for the future)
  • Motor area (voluntary movement)
  • Somatosensory cortex
  • Sensory area (tactile sensation, self-awareness)
  • Visual area (processing visual information)
  • Auditory area (processing auditory information and some visual information)
  • Memory (and some emotion)

Question 69

Question
Select the following elements contained in the TEMPORAL LOBE of the human brain.
Answer
  • Higher intellectual functions (decision-making, predicting the consequences of actions, controlling aggression, planning for the future)
  • Motor area (voluntary movement)
  • Somatosensory cortex
  • Sensory area (tactile sensation, self-awareness)
  • Visual area (processing visual information)
  • Auditory area (processing auditory information and some visual information)
  • Memory (and some emotion)

Question 70

Question
Which part of the brain is associated with conscious thought, memory, and personality?
Answer
  • Cerebellum
  • Pons
  • Medulla
  • Cerebral cortex

Question 71

Question
What part of the brain functions as a relay station for information to the limbic system and the cerebral cortex?
Answer
  • Hypothalamus
  • Midbrain
  • Medulla oblongata
  • Thalamus

Question 72

Question
An individual who has sufferd a stroke, which has caused damage in his cerebrum, and is now having problems with his hearing, has probably suffered damge to his [blank_start]temporal[blank_end] lobe.
Answer
  • temporal
  • occipital
  • parietal
  • frontal

Question 73

Question
The left and right sides of the cerebrum are interconnected by the [blank_start]corpus callosum[blank_end].
Answer
  • corpus callosum
  • medulla oblongata
  • pons
  • thalamus
  • cerebral cortex

Question 74

Question
[blank_start]Short-term memory[blank_end] involves quick bursts of action potentials in the limbic system, and [blank_start]long-term memory[blank_end] resides in the cerebral cortex and involves permanent changes in neurons and synapses.
Answer
  • Short-term memory
  • Long-term memory
  • long-term memory
  • short-term memory

Question 75

Question
Short-term memory is associated with the [blank_start]limbic system[blank_end], whereas long-term meory is associated with the [blank_start]cerebral cortex[blank_end].
Answer
  • (1) limbic system
  • (1) cerebral cortex
  • (1) hypothalamus
  • (2) cerebral cortex
  • (2) limbic system
  • (2) hypothalamus

Question 76

Question
The coordination necessary for a musician to play the piano depends on control exerted by the
Answer
  • Thalamus
  • Cerebral cortex
  • Medulla oblongata
  • Cerebellum

Question 77

Question
Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating the heart and respiratory rates and blood pressure?
Answer
  • Cerebral cortex
  • Thalamus
  • Cerebellum
  • Medulla oblongata

Question 78

Question
Which of the following are associated with storage of long-term memory?
Answer
  • The limbic system
  • Permanent changes in neurons
  • The formation of new synapses
  • The cerebral cortex

Question 79

Question
Some of the functions of the hypothalamus are the regulation of breast milk, carbohydrate metabolism, and temperature control.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 80

Question
Conscious thought is associated wiht the cerebellum.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 81

Question
Psychoactive drugs are characterized by the fact that they alter [blank_start]levels of neurotransmitters[blank_end].
Answer
  • levels of neurotransmitters
  • the amplitude of action potentials
  • the travel speed of action potentials

Question 82

Question
The [blank_start]cerebellum[blank_end] coordinates antagonistic muscle movements.
Answer
  • cerebellum
  • thalamus
  • pons
  • occipital lobe
  • medulla oblongata

Question 83

Question
Which of the following parts of the brain effectively links the nervous system and the endocrine system?
Answer
  • Cerebellum
  • Hypothalamus
  • Medulla oblongata
  • Cerebral cortex

Question 84

Question
Rods and cones are the photoreceptors of the eye.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 85

Question
The choroid is the tough layer that forms the "white" of the eye.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 86

Question
The [blank_start]lens[blank_end] changes shape to focus light on the retina.
Answer
  • lens
  • cornea
  • vitreous humor
  • optic nerve

Question 87

Question
What is the opening that allows light into the interior of the eye?
Answer
  • Sclera
  • Pupil
  • Optic nerve
  • Retina

Question 88

Question
Both the lens and the cornea are involved in focusing light.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 89

Question
As humans age, their ability to focus on nearby objects deteoriates. This is the result of
Answer
  • Stiffening of the lens and loss of accommodation capability
  • The loss of rods and cones
  • Changing shape of the eyeball
  • Increased viscosity of the aqueous and vitreous humor

Question 90

Question
This is the path of light through the eye: 1. [blank_start]Cornea[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Aqueous humor[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Pupil[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]Lens[blank_end] 5. [blank_start]Vitreous humor[blank_end] 6. [blank_start]Retina[blank_end]
Answer
  • 1. Cornea
  • 1. Aqueous humor
  • 1. Pupil
  • 1. Lens
  • 1. Vitreous humor
  • 1. Retina
  • 2. Aqueous humor
  • 2. Cornea
  • 2. Pupil
  • 2. Lens
  • 2. Vitreous humor
  • 2. Retina
  • 3. Pupil
  • 3. Cornea
  • 3. Aqueous humor
  • 3. Lens
  • 3. Vitreous humor
  • 3. Retina
  • 4. Lens
  • 4. Cornea
  • 4. Aqueous humor
  • 4. Pupil
  • 4. Vitreous humor
  • 4. Retina
  • 5. Vitreous humor
  • 5. Cornea
  • 5. Aqueous humor
  • 5. Pupil
  • 5. Lens
  • 5. Retina
  • 6. Retina
  • 6. Cornea
  • 6. Aqueous humor
  • 6. Pupil
  • 6. Lens
  • 6. Vitreous humor

Question 91

Question
The retina regulates the amount of light entering the eye.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 92

Question
Lasik treatment functions to improve eyesight by changing the shape of the cornea.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 93

Question
The "blind spot" is associated with the...
Answer
  • Vitreous humor
  • Choroid
  • Lens
  • Optic disk

Question 94

Question
The primary function of the [blank_start]middle ear[blank_end] is amplifying sound waves.
Answer
  • Inner ear
  • Middle ear
  • Outer ear

Question 95

Question
The following sequence is the pathway by which soundwaves travel through the ear: 1. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Answer
  • 1. External auditory canal
  • 1. Eardrum
  • 1. Oval window
  • 1. Cochlea
  • 2. External auditory canal
  • 2. Eardrum
  • 2. Oval window
  • 2. Cochlea
  • 3. External auditory canal
  • 3. Eardrum
  • 3. Oval window
  • 3. Cochlea
  • 4. External auditory canal
  • 4. Eardrum
  • 4. Oval window
  • 4. Cochlea

Question 96

Question
The part of the ear involved with the sense of equilibrium or balance is the
Answer
  • Semiciccular canals only
  • Vestibule and semicircular canals
  • Cochlea
  • Vestibule only

Question 97

Question
1. The auditory nerve is located in the [blank_start]inner ear[blank_end]. 2. The [blank_start]inner ear[blank_end] is the site of the vestibular canal and the tympanic canal. 3. Sound waves moving through the [blank_start]outer ear[blank_end] hit the tympanic membrane. 4. The air-filled chamber in the temporal lobe that contains three small bones is located in the [blank_start]middle ear[blank_end].
Answer
  • 1. Inner ear
  • 1. Middle ear
  • 1. Outer ear
  • 2. Inner ear
  • 2. Middle ear
  • 2. Outer ear
  • 3. Outer ear
  • 3. Middle ear
  • 3. Inner ear
  • 4. Middle ear
  • 4. Inner ear
  • 4. Outer ear

Question 98

Question
Label the following parts of the eye.
Image:
Eyeball (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • 1. Ciliary body
  • 1. Ligament
  • 1. Aqueous humor
  • 1. Cornea
  • 1. Iris
  • 1. Lens
  • 1. Optic nerve
  • 1. Vitreous humor
  • 1. Retina
  • 2. Ciliary body
  • 2. Ligament
  • 2. Aqueous humor
  • 2. Cornea
  • 2. Iris
  • 2. Lens
  • 2. Optic nerve
  • 2. Vitreous humoro
  • 2. Retina
  • 3. Ciliary body
  • 3. Ligament
  • 3. Aqueous humor
  • 3. Cornea
  • 3. Iris
  • 3. Lens
  • 3. Optic nerve
  • 3. Vitreous humor
  • 3. Retina
  • 4. Ciliary body
  • 4. Ligament
  • 4. Aqueous humor
  • 4. Cornea
  • 4. Iris
  • 4. Lens
  • 4. Optic nerve
  • 4. Vitreous humor
  • 4. Retina
  • 5. Ciliary body
  • 5. Ligament
  • 5. Aqueous humor
  • 5. Iris
  • 5. Lens
  • 5. Cornea
  • 5. Optic nerve
  • 5. Vitreous humor
  • 5. Retina
  • 6. Ciliary body
  • 6. Ligament
  • 6. Aqueous humor
  • 6. Cornea
  • 6. Iris
  • 6. Lens
  • 6. Optic nerve
  • 6. Vitreous humor
  • 6. Retina
  • 7. Ciliary body
  • 7. Ligament
  • 7. Aqueous humor
  • 7. Cornea
  • 7. Iris
  • 7. Lens
  • 7. Optic nerve
  • 7. Vitreous humor
  • 7. Retina
  • 8. Ciliary body
  • 8. Ligament
  • 8. Aqueous humor
  • 8. Cornea
  • 8. Iris
  • 8. Lens
  • 8. Optic nerve
  • 8. Retina
  • 8. Vitreous humor
  • 9. Ciliary body
  • 9. Ligament
  • 9. Aqueous humor
  • 9. Cornea
  • 9. Iris
  • 9. Lens
  • 9. Optic nerve
  • 9. Retina
  • 9. Vitreous humor

Question 99

Question
Label the parts of the ear.
Image:
Ear (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • (B) Inner ear
  • (B) Middle ear
  • (B) Outer ear
  • (A) Pinna
  • (A) Vestibular apparatus
  • (A) Eustachian tube
  • (C) External auditory canal
  • (C) Eustachian tube
  • (C) Auditory nerve
  • (D) Eardrum (tympanic membrane)
  • (D) Vestibular apparatus
  • (D) Round window
  • (E) Inner ear
  • (E) Middle ear
  • (E) Outer ear
  • (F) Cochlea
  • (F) Incus
  • (F) Malleus
  • (G) Auditory nerve
  • (G) Stapes
  • (G) Eustachian tube

Question 100

Question
In both Type I and Type II diabetes, glucose levels remain higher than normal.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 101

Question
Insulin helps regulate blood sugar at homeostatic levels by activating hormone production in the posterior pituitary gland.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 102

Question
Both glucagon and insulin are produced by the pancreas and they regulate blood glucose levels. [blank_start]Glucagon[blank_end] increases blood glucose by stimulating the release of glucose from glycogen, and [blank_start]insulin[blank_end] decreases it by promoting the uptake of glucose by cells.
Answer
  • (1) Glucagon
  • (1) Insulin
  • (2) insulin
  • (2) glucagon

Question 103

Question
Select the following TRUE statements abou the functions of hormones.
Answer
  • Hormones affect energy utilization.
  • Hormones influence protein synthesis.
  • Hormones can affect the activities of the plasma membrane.
  • Hormones may be involved in secretory activity.

Question 104

Question
If the level of calcium in the blood falls below the homeostatic level, ....
Answer
  • Parathormone levels in the body would increase.
  • Parathormone levels in the body would decrease.
  • The secretion of calcitonin would increase.
  • Bones would begin to store more calcium.

Question 105

Question
You just ate about half of your birthday cake. As a result, your glucose [blank_start]increases[blank_end], insulin [blank_start]increases[blank_end], and glucagon [blank_start]decreases[blank_end].
Answer
  • (1) increases
  • (1) decreases
  • (2) increases
  • (2) decreases
  • (3) decreases
  • (3) increases

Question 106

Question
The [blank_start]hypothalamus[blank_end] controls hormone release by both the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary.
Answer
  • hypothalamus
  • thalamus
  • thyroid gland

Question 107

Question
Releasing hormones are secreted from the neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus directly onto the endocrine cells in the anterior pituitary.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 108

Question
FSH promotes sperm production and promotes egg development.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 109

Question
Select the following statements that are true about LH.
Answer
  • Promotes sperm production
  • Stimulates testes to produce androgens
  • Promotes egg development
  • Induces ovulation
  • Stimulates ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone

Question 110

Question
FSH is produced in the [blank_start]anterior pituitary[blank_end], and LH is produced in the [blank_start]anterior pituitary[blank_end].
Answer
  • (1) anterior pituitary
  • (1) posterior pituitary
  • (2) anterior pituitary
  • (2) posterior pituitary

Question 111

Question
Calcitonin stimulates osteoclasts to break down bone.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 112

Question
The parathyroid gland stimulates parathyroid hormone (PTH) when there is low blood Ca2+.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 113

Question
The thymus slowly grows with age.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 114

Question
The gonads produce [blank_start]gametes[blank_end].
Answer
  • gametes
  • melatonin
  • thymosins

Question 115

Question
The pineal gland is part of the diencephalon.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 116

Question
The pineal gland produces and secretes [blank_start]melatonin[blank_end], which is important in maintaining your circadian rhythm.
Answer
  • melatonin
  • thymosin
  • thyroxine
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