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Physics: atomic structure and radioactivity

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Quiz on Physics: atomic structure and radioactivity , created by Robyn Stevenson on 21/03/2018.
Robyn Stevenson
Quiz by Robyn Stevenson, updated more than 1 year ago
Robyn Stevenson
Created by Robyn Stevenson over 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
The radius of an atom is 1 x 10(-10) and the nucleus is about 1/10000 of this
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 2

Question
Electrons can change energy levels when an atom [blank_start]absorbs[blank_end] electromagnetic radiation so the electrons moves from a [blank_start]lower[blank_end] energy level to a [blank_start]higher[blank_end] on. If the atom [blank_start]emits[blank_end] electromagnetic radiation so the electron returns to its [blank_start]original[blank_end] energy level
Answer
  • higher
  • original
  • lower
  • absorbs
  • emits

Question 3

Question
What does the mass number represent?
Answer
  • Protons and Neutrons
  • Protons and Electrons
  • Neutrons
  • Electrons
  • Protons

Question 4

Question
Isotopes are the same element but with a different number of [blank_start]neutrons [blank_end]
Answer
  • neutrons

Question 5

Question
Ancient Greeks->1897->Plum pudding model->Alpha scattering experiment->Nuclear model->Niels Bohr->James Chadwick
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
Some isotopes have an [blank_start]unstable[blank_end] nucleus so to become [blank_start]stable[blank_end] the nucleus gives out [blank_start]radiation[blank_end] - radioactive decay ( a [blank_start]random[blank_end] process)
Answer
  • unstable
  • stable
  • radiation
  • random

Question 7

Question
The rate at which a source of [blank_start]unstable[blank_end] nuclei [blank_start]decay[blank_end]. Which is measured using a [blank_start]Geiger[blank_end]-muller tube.
Answer
  • unstable
  • decay
  • Geiger

Question 8

Question
Alpha particles—>
Answer
  • 2 protons + 2 neutrons
  • An electrons which is ejected form the nucleus at a very high speed and formed in the nucleus when a neutron changes into a proton and an electron
  • A type of electromagnetic radiation from the nucleus
  • A neutron

Question 9

Question
Beta particle—>
Answer
  • 2 protons + 2 neutrons
  • An electron which is ejected from the nucleus at a very high speed. Formed inside the nucleus when a neutron changes into a proton and an electron
  • A type of electromagnetic radiation from the nucleus
  • A neutron

Question 10

Question
Gamma radiation—>
Answer
  • 2 protons + 2 nucleus
  • An electron which is ejected from the nucleus at a very high speed. Formed inside the nucleus when a neutron changes into a proton and an electron.
  • A type of electromagnetic radiation from the nucleus
  • Neutron

Question 11

Question
Nuclear equations- alpha decay, atomic number decreases by [blank_start]2[blank_end] and the mass number by [blank_start]4[blank_end]
Answer
  • 2
  • 4
  • 1
  • 4
  • 6
  • 1
  • 2

Question 12

Question
Nuclear equations- Beta decay, the atomic number [blank_start]increases[blank_end] by [blank_start]1[blank_end] and the [blank_start]mass[blank_end] number doesn’t change
Answer
  • increases
  • decreases
  • 1
  • 2
  • 4
  • mass
  • atomic

Question 13

Question
Half life- the time it takes for the count rate or activity (number of decay per second) from a sample contains the isotope to fall to half its initial level.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
Radiation cannot be ionising (form charge ions)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
[blank_start]Irradiation[blank_end] is exposing an object to nuclear radiation like [blank_start]sterilisation[blank_end] which uses [blank_start]gamma[blank_end] radiation.
Answer
  • Irradiation
  • sterilisation
  • gamma

Question 16

Question
Ionising radiation decreases the risk of cancer
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
Precautions when using ionising radiation include...
Answer
  • Shielding- gloves can protect against alpha radiation and beta and gamma radiation can be reduced a lead apron.
  • Monitoring
  • Exposure

Question 18

Question
Alpha radiation is [blank_start]strongly[blank_end] ionising. It can be stopped by dead skin cells and alpha emitters can be dangerous if inhaled or swallowed.
Answer
  • strongly
  • less
  • weakly

Question 19

Question
Beta radiation is [blank_start]less[blank_end] ionising. It can penetrate skin.
Answer
  • less
  • strongly
  • weakly

Question 20

Question
Gamma radiation is [blank_start]weakly[blank_end] ionising. Can penetrate the body but likely to pass through.
Answer
  • weakly
  • less
  • strongly

Question 21

Question
A tracer must...
Answer
  • Pass out of the body and be detected (gamma or beta)
  • Not be strongly ionising to minimise damage to body tissue (gamma)
  • Not decay into another radioactive isotope
  • Have a short half life so it is not present in the body for too long

Question 22

Question
Gamma rays through radiotherapy can pass into the body and destroy a tumour
Answer
  • True
  • False
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