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Immunology Exam 2 Prep

Description

Primary Lymphoid tissue (section 7) - Immunobiology to tumors (section 13)
Sarai Gruver
Quiz by Sarai Gruver, updated more than 1 year ago
Sarai Gruver
Created by Sarai Gruver over 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Functions of primary lymphoid organs
Answer
  • site of B and T lymphocyte development and education
  • provide a collection of T and B lymphocytes with receptors specific for diverse antigens for secondary lymphoid tissue
  • production/differentiation of dendritic cells from progenitor cells
  • central tolerance (render T and B cells tolerant to self antigens)

Question 2

Question
Which are primary lymphoid organs
Answer
  • Thymus (T-cells)
  • Ileal Peyer's Patches (B - cells)
  • Bursa (b-cells)
  • Bone Marrow
  • tonsil/spleen
  • Lymph and hemal nodes
  • Jejunal Peyer's patch

Question 3

Question
Which are secondary Lymph Tissues
Answer
  • Bursa (B-cells)
  • Tonsil/spleen
  • Jejunal Peyer's Patch
  • Bone Marrow
  • Thymus (T-cells)
  • Lymph and Hemal nodes

Question 4

Question
Lymphoblasts invade the [blank_start]thymus[blank_end] from the bone marrow where they become [blank_start]thymocytes[blank_end]. These cells then mature to become [blank_start]T-lymphocytes[blank_end].
Answer
  • thymus
  • thymocytes
  • T-lymphocytes

Question 5

Question
There is a difference between immature and naive T-cells.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
Immature t-lymphocytes are called [blank_start]thymocytes[blank_end].
Answer
  • thymocytes

Question 7

Question
Recognition of a self-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule is [blank_start]positive[blank_end] selection. Elimination of a cell with high affinity for self peptides is [blank_start]negative[blank_end] selection. Death by neglect of cells that so not recognize their MHC is negative selection.
Answer
  • positive
  • negative

Question 8

Question
Expression of accessory molecules during thymocyte maturation 1) signaling component of T-cell receptor - [blank_start]CD3[blank_end] 2) T-helper cells - [blank_start]CD4[blank_end] 3) Cytotoxic T cells - [blank_start]CD8[blank_end]
Answer
  • CD3
  • CD4
  • CD8

Question 9

Question
Label this image
Image:
Capture (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • T-cell receptor
  • Polymorphic residue of MHC molecule
  • MHC
  • self peptide
  • anchor residue of peptide
  • "pocket" of MHC molecule
  • T cell contact residue of peptide
  • thymocyte or T-lymphocyte
  • thymic epithelial cell or dendritic cell

Question 10

Question
Label this image
Image:
Capture 1 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • cortical epithelial cells
  • medullary epithelial cells
  • dendritic cell
  • MHC bearing

Question 11

Question
Label this image
Image:
Capture 2 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • immature (1)
  • Immature (2)
  • mature
  • cortical epithelial cells
  • positive
  • MHC
  • dendritic
  • negative
  • self-tolerance

Question 12

Question
MHC class 1 binding leads to mature [blank_start]CD8+[blank_end] T cell MHC class 2 binding leads to mature [blank_start]CD4+[blank_end] T cell
Answer
  • CD8+
  • CD4+

Question 13

Question
Single-positive thymocytes leave the thymus as a single memory cell and are very important for viral immunity. (they are also more prevalent in pigs)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
AIRE gene encodes for..
Answer
  • self peptides
  • insulin
  • thyroid hormone
  • collagen
  • T-cell receptors
  • B-cell receptors

Question 15

Question
[blank_start]Autoimmune regulator gene[blank_end] ([blank_start]AIRE[blank_end]) control expression of over 400 tissue specific proteins. They are expressed by [blank_start]thymic[blank_end] [blank_start]medullary epithelial[blank_end] cells with MHC molecules. [blank_start]AIRE[blank_end] genes are important for developing [blank_start]thymocytes[blank_end] to become [blank_start]self-tolerant[blank_end].
Answer
  • Autoimmune regulator gene
  • AIRE
  • thymic
  • medullary epithelial
  • AIRE
  • thymocytes
  • self-tolerant

Question 16

Question
[blank_start]Thymulin[blank_end] - zinc containing peptide produced by thymic epithelial cells important for T- cell function. [blank_start]Thymic stromal lymphopoietin[blank_end] - regulate positive selection (produced from Hassall's corpuscles)
Answer
  • Thymulin
  • Thymic stromal lymphopoietin

Question 17

Question
Zinc is not essential for T cells and skin enzymes.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 18

Question
Which are consequences of not having a thymus (mice and cats)
Answer
  • no T cells in secondary lymphoid tissue
  • No t cells in primary lymphoid tissue
  • no T cells in circulation
  • defective rejection of graft tissue
  • intact rejection of graft tissue
  • defective t cell mediated immunity
  • antibodies to protein antigen decreased, other antibodies are okay

Question 19

Question
Which of the following processes is preserved in nude mice or nude cats
Answer
  • graft tissue rejection
  • t cell immunity
  • circulating antibody levels
  • B lymphocyte concentrations
  • CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte concentration

Question 20

Question
Thymecotmy at birth in calves has little effect on T cell immunity compared to rodents because the thymus is fully developed at birth.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
Where are B cells developed mainly for primates and rodents.
Answer
  • Bone Marrow
  • ileal peyer's patches
  • bursa
  • appendix

Question 22

Question
When is the Peyer's patch in the ileum involuted by
Answer
  • 12 mo
  • 11 mo
  • at birth
  • 15 mo

Question 23

Question
When is the discontinuous jejunal peyer's patch involuted by?
Answer
  • 15 mo
  • at birth
  • it isn't - it is life long
  • 11 mo

Question 24

Question
What is the role of the bursa
Answer
  • generate BcR diversity
  • MHC expression
  • positive selection

Question 25

Question
What occurs within the cortex of the Bursa
Answer
  • stromal cells present self-antigens on surface receptors to B cells
  • negative selection of self reactive B cells
  • B cell proliferation and rearrangement of genes occurs

Question 26

Question
In the [blank_start]medulla[blank_end] of the bursa, stromal cells present [blank_start]self-antigens[blank_end] on the surface receptors (sIgM) to B cells. [blank_start]Negative[blank_end] selection occurs when B cells are [blank_start]self reactive[blank_end].
Answer
  • medulla
  • self-antigens
  • Negative
  • self reactive

Question 27

Question
Effects of bursectomy or removal of ileal peyer's patch
Answer
  • total lymphocyte pool would slightly decrease
  • humoral immunity (antibody concentration markedly altered)
  • there would be no circulating T-lymphocytes
  • dendritic cells in tissues would decrease

Question 28

Question
Lymphocyte cones each have the same specificity for epitopes because there is not diverse set of genes.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 29

Question
What is gene rearrangement in primary or central organs unique to?
Answer
  • innate immune system
  • adaptive immune system
  • vertebrates
  • invertebrate

Question 30

Question
the insertion of upstream DNA or the addition of gene rearrangement (occurs in the bursa or its species equivalent -ileal peyer's patch-)
Answer
  • gene interconversion
  • gene mutation
  • gene conversion
  • gene morphing

Question 31

Question
Somatic hypermutation only happens to [blank_start]B cells[blank_end]. It is a [blank_start]point[blank_end] mutation that occurs in the [blank_start]germinal[blank_end] centers during [blank_start]antigen[blank_end] exposure.
Answer
  • B cells
  • point
  • germinal
  • antigen

Question 32

Question
What do each of the letters stand for when it comes to receptor chain regions (gene segments) V- [blank_start]variable[blank_end] D- [blank_start]diverse[blank_end] J- [blank_start]junctional[blank_end] c- [blank_start]constant[blank_end]
Answer
  • variable
  • diverse
  • junctional
  • constant

Question 33

Question
B cell receptor chains [blank_start]light[blank_end] - VJC [blank_start]heavy[blank_end] - VDJC T-cell receptors chain pairs Gamma and Delta [blank_start]Gamma[blank_end] - VJC [blank_start]delta[blank_end]- VDJC Alpha and Beta [blank_start]Alpha[blank_end]- VJC [blank_start]Beta[blank_end] - VDJC
Answer
  • light
  • heavy
  • Gamma
  • delta
  • Alpha
  • Beta

Question 34

Question
When does receptor gene rearrangement occur in each lymphocyte?
Answer
  • during the mutation process
  • during the selection process
  • during the migration process
  • after each lymphocyte leaves and enters circulation

Question 35

Question
Receptor gene rearrangement is a random process (like shuffling cards).
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 36

Question
RAG or [blank_start]recombination[blank_end] [blank_start]activating[blank_end] [blank_start]gene[blank_end] 1 and 2, is a gene that initiates [blank_start]VDJ[blank_end] recombination.
Answer
  • recombination
  • activating
  • gene
  • VDJ

Question 37

Question
Which of the following are members of the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway of DNA repair?
Answer
  • RAG 1
  • TdT polymerase
  • Artemis
  • DNA dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs)

Question 38

Question
Which B cell chain rearranges first? (heavy or light)
Answer
  • heavy
  • light

Question 39

Question
The B cell gets a few tries to rearrange its heavy chain.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 40

Question
Which gene loops out a segment of DNA to be broken from the main segment for use in recombination?
Answer
  • RAG
  • TdT
  • Artemis

Question 41

Question
RAG knows where to cut because the gene sequence has [blank_start]recombinase[blank_end] [blank_start]signaling[blank_end] [blank_start]sequences[blank_end] flanked by the [blank_start]VDJ[blank_end] gene segments.
Answer
  • recombinase
  • signaling
  • sequences
  • VDJ

Question 42

Question
[blank_start]12[blank_end] base pairs make about [blank_start]1[blank_end] turn of the DNA helix. [blank_start]23[blank_end] base pairs make about [blank_start]2[blank_end] turns of the DNA helix.
Answer
  • 12
  • 1
  • 23
  • 2

Question 43

Question
The region begin targeted by RAG is flanked first by the conserved [blank_start]heptamer[blank_end] region, then comes the [blank_start]spacer[blank_end] region (which is removed for the [blank_start]helix[blank_end]), and finally the conserve [blank_start]nonamer[blank_end] region.
Answer
  • heptamer
  • spacer
  • helix
  • nonamer

Question 44

Question
[blank_start]chemotaxis[blank_end]: movement of a cell in response to a chemical stimuli [blank_start]chemokine[blank_end]: a family of cytokines with the ability to induce direct chemotaxis [blank_start]integrins[blank_end]: transmembrane cell adhesion proteins and signaling receptors (ex CD11b/CD18)
Answer
  • chemotaxis
  • chemokine
  • integrins

Question 45

Question
CCR7 is the [blank_start]T[blank_end] cell receptor that interacts with the chemokine receptor for chemokines CCL[blank_start]19[blank_end] and CCL[blank_start]21[blank_end] which are both crucial for T-cell trafficking.
Answer
  • T
  • 19
  • 21

Question 46

Question
CXCR5 is a [blank_start]B[blank_end] cell receptor that interacts with the chemokine CXCL[blank_start]13[blank_end] to traffic B cells.
Answer
  • B
  • 13

Question 47

Question
[blank_start]Dendritic[blank_end] cells take up bacterial [blank_start]antigens[blank_end] in the skin (at the site of infiltration) and then move to enter a draining lymphatic vessels using [blank_start]chemokines[blank_end] to migrate. Antigen bearing dendritic cells enter the draining lymph nodes, where they settle in the [blank_start]T-cell[blank_end] areas.
Answer
  • Dendritic
  • antigens
  • chemokines
  • T-cell

Question 48

Question
Where do CCR7 naive and memory T-cells migrate.
Answer
  • LN follicle
  • Cortex
  • Paracortex

Question 49

Question
Where do CXCR5 presenting B-cells migrate?
Answer
  • paracortex
  • cortex
  • LN follicle

Question 50

Question
Where do CCR7 presenting dendritic cells migrate.
Answer
  • paracortex
  • LN follicle
  • cortex

Question 51

Question
Which chemokines do dendritic cells use to migrate through tissues (3)
Answer
  • CCL19
  • CCL21
  • CXCL13
  • CXCL12

Question 52

Question
Hemolymph nodes contain B cells in cortex and T-cells at the center. They also have gamma/delta T cells.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 53

Question
function of splenic red pulp
Answer
  • filters blood
  • filters lymph
  • removes aged blood cells and immune complex coated cells by macrophages in sinus the red pulp
  • salvage iron and bilirubin from red blood cells

Question 54

Question
Functions of splenic white pulp
Answer
  • marginal zones - macrophage APC
  • follicles - B lymphocytes reside
  • periarteriolar sheath (PALS) - t cells
  • no high endothelial venules

Question 55

Question
The [blank_start]sinusoidal[blank_end] type of spleen has an abundance of venous sinuses which store large amounts of blood for quick release. It common in horses, dogs, and humans. The [blank_start]nonsinusoidal[blank_end] type of spleen has poorly developed sinuses. It is most prominent in cats and ruminants.
Answer
  • sinusoidal
  • nonsinusoidal
  • nonsinusoidal
  • sinusoidal

Question 56

Question
The spleen does not contract and the smooth muscle located around the ellipsoid capillary is used to control in and out flow.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 57

Question
Bone marrow can act as a secondary lymphoid organ by memory cell colonization, and a release of large quantities of antibodies in rodents and other species when a large dose of antigen is encountered.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 58

Question
label this image
Image:
Capture 3 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • pluripotent stem cell
  • common lymphoid
  • NK
  • T
  • B
  • myeloid
  • megakaryocyte / erythroid
  • eruthrocytes
  • Platelets
  • megakaryocyte
  • granulocyte / macrophage
  • monocyte
  • neutrophil
  • eosinophil
  • basophil
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