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Lecture 8 (Applications of Assessment in Clinical)

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Lecture 6 Principles of Psychological Assessment
Katy Faure
Quiz by Katy Faure, updated more than 1 year ago
Katy Faure
Created by Katy Faure over 6 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Ross sits a psychology end of semester exam and gets a 45 / 100. The unit convener infers that this means he likely does not have a sound understanding of the content covered this semester. What kind of application of assessment does this cover?
Answer
  • test
  • inference
  • data gathering
  • assessment

Question 2

Question
Which of the following examples best demonstrates an ‘assessment’ ?
Answer
  • Angelica answers questions on an Eysenck neuroticism questionnaire and scores a 17/20. Based on the norms, this is a high neuroticism score - and Angelica may be highly neurotic.
  • A psychologist, Georgia, administers the Depression Anxiety Stress Score (DASS) for one of her clients, who scores off the scale for depression. Considering this, their conversations in therapy, and her Beck Depression score, Georgia diagnoses her client with Major Depressive Disorder.
  • Phoebe takes a Buzzfeed quiz to find out what type of bread she is. She gets sourdough. She then deduces that she probably spends too much time procrastinating.

Question 3

Question
What are some of the reasons that clinicians are unreliable judges? Select all that apply
Answer
  • Seeking patterns where they don’t exist
  • Creating hypotheses with no evidence
  • Confirmation bias
  • Heuristics (e.g. availability, representativeness)
  • Too easily trusting

Question 4

Question
Which of the following are types of tests used by clinicians (Clinical Psychologists)? Select all that apply
Answer
  • Diagnostic interviews
  • Observational methods
  • Behavioural tests
  • Self-report questionnaires
  • Scientific experiments

Question 5

Question
Which of these situations is more likely to require a fully structured diagnostic interview?
Answer
  • A clinical situation with a therapist and a client
  • A research interview to gather norms for eating disorders in teens
  • An examination of IQ
  • Interviewing a child who saw a crime

Question 6

Question
What does kappa measure when examining structured diagnostic interviews?
Answer
  • Both the diagnostic interview and the validation criterion standard diagnosing someone with a disorder.
  • The absence of disease
  • Someone without the validation criterion diagnosis will not be diagnosed in a diagnostic interview.
  • The amount of agreement in the diagnostic interview and the validation criterion, corrected for chance.

Question 7

Question
A clinician diagnoses Brooke with Psychosis by the LEAD standard. She then sends Brooke to another clinician, who conducts a structured diagnostic interview and also diagnoses her with psychosis. A researcher concludes that this means Brooke must have Psychosis. Which concept within the diagnostic interview statistics does this represent?
Answer
  • Specificity
  • Positive predictive values
  • Sensitivity
  • Negative predictive values

Question 8

Question
What would be the most appropriate example of negative predictive values in a clinical setting?
Answer
  • A client is diagnosed firstly by a LEAD standard clinician with clinical depression, and receives the same diagnosis in a diagnostic interview.
  • A client is cleared of any mental health problems in both a diagnostic interview and a LEAD clinician.
  • The probability that someone will not be diagnosed with a mental illness in a diagnostic interview, if a LEAD clinician has already provided the same evaluation.
  • The probability that someone with a LEAD standard diagnosis of clinical depression will be diagnosed with clinical depression in a diagnostic interview.

Question 9

Question
When is it important to use a test with high specificity?
Answer
  • If the illness is relatively rare, and we don’t want to diagnose where it is not there (e.g. homicidal tendencies)
  • If the kappa coefficient is high, to further weed out false positive diagnoses.
  • If the illness requires immediate treatment, and we want to ensure that we can intervene as quickly as possible (e.g. suicidal tendencies).
  • If the presence of disease needs to be estimated for a research paper.

Question 10

Question
What would be an appropriate example of a global measure in a clinical setting?
Answer
  • Anxiety score
  • Phobia score
  • Obsessive behaviour score
  • Psychopathology score

Question 11

Question
A psychologist, Lily, is considering a diagnosis of anorexia for one of her patients. She administers several psychological tests for her patient. Her score for obsessive food-restriction is extremely high. What types of questionnaire would this be?
Answer
  • Global
  • Specific
  • Forced choice
  • Absolute

Question 12

Question
After receiving intensive treatment for depression, Sarah is happier, healthier and using the strategies that she learned in therapy daily. Her friends and family have commented on her improvement and it has improved her relationships with those close to her. Her score for depression on the DASS now falls within the normal category, and she has exhibited these traits for well over 5 months. What client outcome does this most appropriately represent?
Answer
  • Effectiveness of post-treatment
  • Statistical significance
  • Return to normal functioning
  • Clinical significance

Question 13

Question
Which of the following represent a return to normal functioning? Select all that apply
Answer
  • Post-treatment score should fall within one standard deviation of the mean of the functional population
  • Post-treatment score should fall outside the two standard deviations of the dysfunctional population
  • Post-treatment score falls within the range of functional population (within two standard deviations)
  • Post treatment score is closer to the mean of functional population than dysfunctional population.
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