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Water Treatment 1 & 2 Mid-Term MSJC

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Mid-Term for Water Treatment 1 & 2 for MSJC
Joe Jorgensen
Quiz by Joe Jorgensen, updated more than 1 year ago
Joe Jorgensen
Created by Joe Jorgensen about 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Temperature has no effect on the sedimentation rate of a particle.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 2

Question
Chloramines are toxic to healthy humans.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 3

Question
If head loss is a problem but breakthrough is limited, larger sized media may be appropriate.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 4

Question
A slow sand filter should be backwashed when the head loss through the filter becomes excessive.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 5

Question
Coagulation and flocculation are used to remove materials, especially non-settleable solids and color.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
The inlet zone of a sedimentation basin is designed to minimize velocities near the bottom of the basin to prevent scouring.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
Smooth circular particles will settle slower than irregular particles.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 8

Question
Backwash at too high a rate is much less destructive than at too low a backwash rate
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
Water with low turbidity is just as difficult to treat as those with increased turbidity.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 10

Question
The detention time may be defined as the actual time that a small amount of water is retained in the sedimentation basin.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 11

Question
Chlorine gas is extremely toxic and corrosive in moist atmospheres.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
In most types of filtration, particles are removed mainly by straining.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 13

Question
Free available residual chlorine has the greatest disinfecting action of the chlorine compounds.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
A long, narrow rectangular sedimentation tank is the shape most likely to have short-circuiting problems.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
The Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule does not address Cryptosporidium.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
The turbidity requirement under the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment rule is < 0.3 NTU.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
150 lb. chlorine cylinders may be stored on their sides
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 18

Question
Ozone is highly reactive.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
When water temperatures increase, the flow through a sedimentation basin must be decreased.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
Too high a backwash rate may cause excessive loss of filter media.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
Chlorine gas is lighter than air.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
Alum Sludge is often returned to plant to "condition" raw water.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
Rapid Sand filters trap suspended matter in the biologically active Schmutzdecke.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 24

Question
There is no minimum requirement for distribution chlorine residual under the SWTR.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
Floc gathers together during the flash-mixing process.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
If the chlorine demand has been met and there is still chlorine in the water, what is the remaining chlorine called?
Answer
  • Breakpoint
  • Residual
  • Dose
  • Demand

Question 27

Question
Gas Chlorine is ______________________?
Answer
  • 2.5 times heavier than air
  • A greenish-yellow cloud
  • An oxidant
  • All of the above

Question 28

Question
What is the difference between conventional and direct filtration?
Answer
  • No sedimentation
  • No coagulation
  • No Flocculation
  • No disinfection

Question 29

Question
Turbidity is the expression of the _____________ of the water?
Answer
  • Alkalinity
  • pH of the water
  • Clarity
  • Water temperature

Question 30

Question
Which of the following is more resistant to disinfection
Answer
  • Turbidity
  • Cysts
  • Coliform
  • All of the Above

Question 31

Question
Water with a pH of 9 would be considered?
Answer
  • Acidic
  • Neutral
  • Ugly
  • Basic

Question 32

Question
Currents within a settling basin could cause _____________.
Answer
  • Low turbidity readings
  • Color in the finished water
  • Short-circuiting
  • Oxygen depletion

Question 33

Question
The main purpose of the jar test is to determine the best?
Answer
  • Chlorine residual
  • Coagulant dosage
  • Detention time
  • Particulate settling velocity

Question 34

Question
Filtration technologies used to comply with Surface Water Treatment Rule include
Answer
  • Conventional
  • Slow Sand
  • Direct
  • All of the above

Question 35

Question
Organic matter combined with chlorine can create?
Answer
  • Septic conditions
  • Trihalomethanes
  • Acidic water unfit for human consumption
  • Legionella

Question 36

Question
The coagulation process usually occurs within?
Answer
  • 30 seconds
  • 5 minutes
  • 15 minutes
  • 30 minutes

Question 37

Question
What is coagulation?
Answer
  • Clumping together of very fine particles into larger particles by the use of chemicals
  • Very small, finely divided solids that remain dispersed in a liquid for a long time
  • Gathering together of fine particles to form larger particles by a process of gentle mixing
  • Removal of particles through gravity

Question 38

Question
Field test method for chlorine is conducted using _________ method
Answer
  • Electrometric
  • Spans
  • DPD
  • OPR

Question 39

Question
Which is not a characteristic of a rectangular sedimentation basin?
Answer
  • Tolerates changes in water quality
  • Cost effective
  • Predictable performance
  • More likely to short circuit

Question 40

Question
Why should a minimum of two sedimentation basins be provided in all water treatment plants?
Answer
  • To allow for cleaning of a basin without requiring a plant shutdown
  • To minimize short-circuiting problems
  • To reduce the number of operators needed for O & M
  • Take advantage of common-wall technology

Question 41

Question
The Surface Water Treatment Rule requires ______ and ______ of Giardia
Answer
  • Coagulation and sedimentation
  • Removal and inactivation
  • Disinfection and flocculation
  • Coagulation and disinfection

Question 42

Question
What is the purpose of the filtration process?
Answer
  • Cause very fine particles to clump together into larger particles
  • Kill disease-causing organisms
  • To remove particulate impurities and floc
  • Settle out larger suspended particles

Question 43

Question
What is the purpose of the effluent zone in the sedimentation basin?
Answer
  • To provide smooth transition from the sedimentation basin to the settle water channel
  • To provide compression settling of the sludge
  • To reduce short-circuiting of water in the basin
  • To provide calm, undisturbed storage of flocculated water

Question 44

Question
When added to water, chlorine will react with?
Answer
  • Organic substances
  • Hardness
  • Inorganic substances
  • Both a and c

Question 45

Question
On the chlorination breakpoint curve, between points 2 & 3 chlorine reacts with ammonia to form?
Answer
  • Monochloramine
  • Free chlorine
  • Dichloramine
  • Trichloramine

Question 46

Question
What is flocculation?
Answer
  • Clumping together of very fine particles into larger particles by the use of chemicals
  • Gathering together of fine particles to form larger particles by the process of gentle mixing
  • Removal of iron and manganese
  • Very small, finely divided solids that remain dispersed in a liquid for a long time

Question 47

Question
A disinfected water supply is one in which
Answer
  • Bacteria and viruses have been sterilized
  • Algae has been destroyed
  • Pathogenic organisms have been inactivated or destroyed
  • All of the above

Question 48

Question
Which is not a form of Chlorine?
Answer
  • Calcium Hypochlorite
  • Gas
  • Sodium Chloride
  • Sodium Hypochlorite

Question 49

Question
Why is ozone prepared onsite?
Answer
  • Because it acts quicker when produced at the application point
  • Because it is difficult to store in conventional containers
  • Because it is produced on demand
  • Because it is very unstable

Question 50

Question
Which is the correct order of filter materials in a multi-media or mixed media gravity filter (From top to Bottom)?
Answer
  • Coal, Garnet, Sand
  • Coal, Sand, Garnet
  • Garnet, Sand, Coal
  • Sand, Coal, Garnet

Question 51

Question
Flash mixing includes
Answer
  • Blinders
  • Surface currents
  • Baffled chambers
  • Barometric loops

Question 52

Question
Tube settlers
Answer
  • Create mini basins
  • Are not cost effective
  • Increase the operational cost of sedimentation
  • None of the above

Question 53

Question
Most natural occurring particles in water are ____________
Answer
  • Positive charged
  • Have no charge
  • Negatively charged
  • Are bi-polar

Question 54

Question
The disinfectant with the greatest disinfection potential is?
Answer
  • Hypochlorous Acid (HOCI)
  • Monochloramine
  • Hydrochloric Acid (HCI)
  • Hypochlorite Ion (OCI)

Question 55

Question
The removal efficiency of a filter depends on the _____________
Answer
  • Chemical characteristics of the water being treated
  • Degree/type of pretreatment
  • Nature of suspension
  • All of the above

Question 56

Question
In determining the purity of a water sample, it is usually tested for the presence of coliform bacteria because ___________.
Answer
  • It can be detected using a microscope
  • It can be done in the field
  • It is one of the disease-bearing bacteria
  • Its presence may indicate that the water has been contaminated

Question 57

Question
Most important filter effluent water quality change is?
Answer
  • Chlorine demand
  • Nutrients
  • Turbidity
  • pH

Question 58

Question
Factors affecting particle settling include
Answer
  • Size
  • Density
  • Charge
  • All of the above

Question 59

Question
How are particles removed by slow sand filtration?
Answer
  • By chemical and physical disinfection
  • By straining, adsorption and biological action
  • By operation and maintenance procedures
  • By coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation

Question 60

Question
Good filter media characteristics include?
Answer
  • Soft material
  • Highly soluble in water
  • Non-permeable
  • Inert

Question 61

Question
Why is the turbidity of the water important when disinfecting water?
Answer
  • Excessive turbidity will cause a significant shift in pH
  • Excessive turbidity will greatly reduce the efficiency of the disinfection chemical process
  • Excessive turbidity will cause a change in the hardness
  • Excessive turbidity will cause an adjustment

Question 62

Question
What could be the cause of floc size breaking up in flocculates?
Answer
  • Coagulent chemicals are inadequately mixed
  • Detention time too long
  • Mixing intensity is too high
  • Polymer dosage is too high

Question 63

Question
Short circuiting in a sedimentation basin can be caused by
Answer
  • Poor inlet baffling
  • Improper design
  • High inlet velocities
  • All of the above

Question 64

Question
Which is not a zone in a sedimentation basin?
Answer
  • Inlet zone
  • Sludge zone
  • Aeration zone
  • Settling zone

Question 65

Question
Destruction of harmful bacteria by chlorine is directly related to
Answer
  • Contact time and chlorine concentration
  • Efficient chlorine dosage levels
  • Whether or not breakpoint chlorination is practiced
  • Whether perchlorination is practiced

Question 66

Question
Which is not an important factor when evaluating jar test results?
Answer
  • Amount of floc formed
  • Alkalinity
  • Floc settling rate
  • Size of floc

Question 67

Question
Visual checks of the sedimentation basin include?
Answer
  • Floc settling characteristics
  • Clarity of laundered water
  • Distribution of floc at basin inlet
  • All of the above

Question 68

Question
The surface water treatment rule requires which removal rate for Giardia?
Answer
  • 3 log
  • 2 log
  • 4 log
  • 1 log

Question 69

Question
The Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule requires the maintenance of a minimum distribution chlorine residual of?
Answer
  • 0.2 mg/L
  • 1.0 mg/L
  • 2.0 mg/L
  • 0.5 mg/L

Question 70

Question
Weak floc _____________?
Answer
  • Does not adhere to filter media
  • Can be carried deep into filter
  • Causes increased turbidity of filtered water
  • All of the above

Question 71

Question
What operation changes in the sedimentation process should be considered by operators when colder water temperatures develop?
Answer
  • Faster sludge removal rates must be Implemented
  • Surface skimming rates must be increased
  • Chemical dosages must be adjusted
  • None of the above

Question 72

Question
For conventional filtration plant under the IESWTR, the allowable filter effluent turbidity measured in 95% of the samples collected in a month is ___________ NTU?
Answer
  • 0.5
  • 0.3
  • 1.0
  • 5.0

Question 73

Question
What is a limitation of using ultraviolet rays for disinfection?
Answer
  • The disruption of selective organic components of the cell
  • The removal of destroyed pathogenic microorganisms
  • The lack of a measurable residual
  • The selection of the optimum wave length

Question 74

Question
The "Total Coliform Rule" of the SDWA regulations requires the result of coliform testing to be given as?
Answer
  • MPN
  • Colony forming units (CFUs)
  • mg/L
  • presence/absence

Question 75

Question
What is the maximum feed rate in pounds per day from a 150lb. chlorine cylinder?
Answer
  • 10 lbs.
  • 20 lbs.
  • 40 lbs.
  • 80 lbs.

Question 76

Question
The inactivation of pathogenic organisms is called?
Answer
  • Sterilization
  • Oxidation
  • Pasteurization
  • Disinfection

Question 77

Question
The use of gas chlorine tends to _____________ the pH
Answer
  • Lower
  • No effect
  • Raise
  • Neutralize

Question 78

Question
Parameters which affect disinfection include
Answer
  • Color
  • pH
  • Temperature
  • Both b and c

Question 79

Question
Chlorine Dioxide is composed of ______________ and chlorine
Answer
  • Ammonia
  • Oxygen
  • Hydrogen Dioxide
  • Sodium Chloride

Question 80

Question
Sodium Hypochlorite is the active ingredient in _______________
Answer
  • Liquid chlorine
  • Powdered chlorine
  • Granular chlorine
  • Gas chlorine

Question 81

Question
The reaction zone in a solids contact clarifier is 15 feet in diameter and 8 feet high. What is the detention time in minutes if the flow is 5 million gallons per day?
Answer
  • 3 gallons per minute
  • 3472 gallons per minute
  • 3.04 minutes
  • 10,562.2 gallons
  • 5 minutes

Question 82

Question
A well has a flow of 2500 rpm and a chlorine residual of 2.0 mg/L is required. The demand is 0.5 mg/L. If calcium hypochlorite 65% available chlorine is used, how many lbs./day of hypochlorite is required?
Answer
  • 3.6 lbs/day
  • 65 lbs/day
  • 75 lbs/day
  • 92 lbs/day
  • 115 lbs/day

Question 83

Question
Calculate the filtration rate in gallons per minute, per square foot (GPM/ft2) for a filter with a length of 50 feet by 40 feet when the applied flow is 3 million gallons per day?
Answer
  • 10 GPM/ft2
  • 3.5 GPM/ft2
  • 2.0 GPM/ft2
  • 2.5 GPM/ft2
  • 1.0 GPM/ft2

Question 84

Question
Treatment plant has a flow of 900 GPM and an average turbidity of 10 ntu. A total of 180 lbs. of alum is used in 24 hours. What is the alum dosage in mg/L?
Answer
  • 0.6 mg/L
  • 10 mg/L
  • 17 mg/L
  • 28 mg/L
  • 138 mg/L
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