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Bio 121 - Chapter Eight

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Biology Quiz on Bio 121 - Chapter Eight, created by Kyle Stefanski on 16/10/2018.
Kyle Stefanski
Quiz by Kyle Stefanski, updated more than 1 year ago
Kyle Stefanski
Created by Kyle Stefanski about 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
__________ provides the raw material for adaptation to local conditions.
Answer
  • Cloning
  • Biosphere diversity
  • Biophilia
  • Genetic diversity

Question 2

Question
Biodiversity is the diversity of life at what level(s) of biological organization?
Answer
  • species and ecosystem levels
  • genetic, species, and ecosystem levels
  • genetic, species, ecosystem, and biosphere levels
  • species, ecosystem, and biosphere levels

Question 3

Question
Which group of organisms is contributes the most species to global biodiversity?
Answer
  • insects
  • plants
  • mammals
  • fish

Question 4

Question
When a species disappears from an area it once occupied, but the species still exists elsewhere, this is called ____________.
Answer
  • extirpation
  • extermination
  • genetic diversity
  • biodiversity

Question 5

Question
T/F - Populations with very little genetic diversity are vulnerable to environmental change because they may lack the ability to adapt to different conditions.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
When a species declines in number, it also __________.
Answer
  • occupies less area than it once did
  • spreads out and occupies more area than it once did
  • increases its biodiversity
  • gets taken off of the Red List

Question 7

Question
The Endangered Species Act is often a center of controversy because __________.
Answer
  • landowners are concerned that federal officials will restrict the use of private land if threatened or endangered species are found on it
  • it has not been successful
  • scientists want to classify all species as endangered
  • there are animals listed that are not worth saving

Question 8

Question
Conservation biology is different from other fields of science discussed in the book because __________.
Answer
  • even when the evidence does not support a hypothesis, conservation biologists continue to test that hypothesis until they find evidence to support it
  • it is based only on computer simulations and ignores real-world data
  • it is an applied and goal-oriented science, with implicit values and ethical standards
  • conservation biologists ignore the scientific method

Question 9

Question
How is community-based conservation different from more traditional approaches to conservation?
Answer
  • In community-based conservation, scientists from a wide range of backgrounds are brought together to focus the efforts of an entire scientific community on the problem.
  • In community-based conservation, local people are involved with protecting the habitat of endangered species, allowing them to still gain benefit from its resources.
  • Community-based conservation focuses on protecting plant and animal communities rather than single species.
  • Community-based conservation requires a large community of guards to patrol preserves and keep people out.

Question 10

Question
CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) tries to prevent the extinction of species by __________.
Answer
  • establishing biosphere reserves where people and endangered species live side by side
  • using United Nations' troops to hunt down and arrest poachers
  • asking countries to stop the international trade of body parts of endangered species
  • raising endangered species for sale to cut out the market for wild harvested species

Question 11

Question
Protected animals, such as tigers, that need large amounts of land ______________.
Answer
  • Umbrella species
  • biophillia
  • hotspot
  • extinction

Question 12

Question
A population differentiating, over time, into a new species is speciation
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 13

Question
Differences in DNA composition among individuals within a given species is genetic diversity.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
The connections that human beings subconsciously seek with the rest of life is biophilia.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
If a conservation biologist wanted to try to stop the largest cause of species extinction, what should he or she focus on?
Answer
  • hunting
  • habitat destruction
  • water loss and water pollution
  • introduced species

Question 16

Question
Species richness is the __________.
Answer
  • number of species in an area
  • number of species in a taxonomic group (e.g., phylum)
  • value of a species to humans
  • extent to which species in an area differ in number of individuals

Question 17

Question
__________ is the gradual piecemeal degradation of an area by such activities as logging and road building.
Answer
  • Habitat dismemberment
  • Habitat decimation
  • Habitat fragmentation
  • Overharvesting

Question 18

Question
More species have been identified and classified in this group than in any other.
Answer
  • Bacteria
  • Fishes
  • Plants
  • Insects
  • Mammals

Question 19

Question
The sixth mass extinction event __________.
Answer
  • happened billions of years ago as a result of the sun being further away from Earth
  • has not occurred
  • happened millions of years ago and was caused by an asteroid
  • is ongoing and has been caused by human disturbance

Question 20

Question
In captive breeding programs, organisms are bred with the intent to __________.
Answer
  • release them to non-native ecosystems
  • clone them
  • keep them in zoos
  • release them to the wild

Question 21

Question
The primary legislation for protecting biodiversity in the United States is the __________.
Answer
  • Clean Water Act
  • Clean Air Act
  • Occupational Safety and Hazards Act
  • Endangered Species Act

Question 22

Question
Which of the following statements about the importance of organisms in an ecosystem is true?
Answer
  • Small organisms are always the keystone species in an ecosystem, while larger predators are less important.
  • Small organisms are less important than larger predators for the survival of the ecosystem.
  • "Ecosystem engineers" can be as important as keystone species for the survival of the ecosystem.
  • No one species is more important than another in regard to the survival of an ecosystem.

Question 23

Question
__________ provide(s) a benefit to humans free of charge.
Answer
  • Biophilia
  • Ecosystem resilience
  • Conservation
  • Ecosystem services

Question 24

Question
Maria loves to be outdoors. She hikes every day in the woods, near the home that she shares with five pets. Maria's lifestyle provides evidence of __________.
Answer
  • biophobia
  • nature-deficit disorder
  • resilience
  • biophilia

Question 25

Question
Which of the following best describes a biodiversity "hotspot"?
Answer
  • A hotspot is an area near volcanic vents on the ocean floor where the species diversity is high.
  • A hotspot is a region where large numbers of animals are brought together into an enclosure.
  • A hotspot is a region where species diversity is high but threatened by habitat loss.
  • A hotspot is an area where the rate of species extinction is high.

Question 26

Question
Which of the following statements about cloning organisms is true?
Answer
  • Cloning of mammals tends to produce viable organisms that survive to reproductive age.
  • Cloning mammals is a more viable strategy than habitat protection for increasing the biodiversity of species on the earth.
  • Producing cloned animals and keeping them in zoos does not increase biodiversity of the species.
  • Cloning of mammals is not possible.

Question 27

Question
__________ is the term we use when a population disappears from a given area but not globally.
Answer
  • Mass extinction
  • Intinction
  • Extirpation
  • Extinction

Question 28

Question
Which of the following is an example of the single greatest cause of species extinction?
Answer
  • introducing rats, cats, and snakes to islands
  • habitat fragmentation caused by building a road through a forest
  • overfishing of ocean fish
  • heavy metal runoff from a manufacturing plant

Question 29

Question
Which of the following types of species would be most vulnerable to overharvesting by people?
Answer
  • whales
  • frogs
  • rabbits
  • small freshwater fish

Question 30

Question
Why can many different species coexist and thrive in areas close to the equator?
Answer
  • Glaciation events at the equator promote species diversity.
  • Equatorial climatic conditions provide little energy, so species must work together to share what is available.
  • Stable equatorial climatic conditions discourage any one species from dominating the ecosystem and encourage biodiversity.
  • Equatorial climatic conditions favor generalists.

Question 31

Question
Biodiversity enhances human food security because it ________.
Answer
  • increases the number of available pathogens
  • means that there is genetic uniformity
  • decreases the number of predators
  • is a potential source of new food items or new genetic varieties of existing foods
  • reduces the number of pollinators available to any one plant species

Question 32

Question
Paleontologists and ecologists agree that ________.
Answer
  • biodiversity is evenly spread over the earth's biomes
  • more than 99% of all species alive today have been discovered and described
  • extinction is tied exclusively to human activities
  • 99% of all species that have ever existed are now extinct
  • speciation is a major cause of biodiversity loss

Question 33

Question
Wildlife in the Serengeti is currently threatened by ________.
Answer
  • an invasive fish that has been introduced into the major river that flows through the park
  • plans to build a highway that passes through the park
  • pollution from a nearby coal power plant
  • plans to legalize hunting of most of the large animal species in the park
  • an overabundance of elephants

Question 34

Question
__________ is the term we use when a population disappears from a given area but not globally.
Answer
  • Extirpation
  • Mass extinction
  • intinction
  • extinction

Question 35

Question
At the end of the __________ period, close to 90% of all species are thought to have gone extinct.
Answer
  • triassic
  • cretaceous
  • permian
  • cambrian

Question 36

Question
__________ provide(s) a benefit to humans free of charge.
Answer
  • ecosystem services
  • conservation
  • ecosystem resilience
  • biophilia

Question 37

Question
The primary legislation for protecting biodiversity in the United States is the __________.
Answer
  • Occupational Safety and Hazards Act
  • Clean Water Act
  • Clean Air Act
  • Endangered Species Act

Question 38

Question
In captive breeding programs, organisms are bred with the intent to __________.
Answer
  • release them to the wild
  • keep them in zoos
  • release them to non-native ecosystems
  • clone them

Question 39

Question
Which of the following approaches does not help protect entire habitats?
Answer
  • ecological restoration
  • biodiversity hotspots
  • captive breeding
  • expanding parks

Question 40

Question
Which of the following is not an environmental law or treaty protecting species or ecosystems?
Answer
  • The National Environmental Protection Act
  • Convention on Biological Diversity
  • CITES
  • The Endangered Species Act

Question 41

Question
Which of the following is not a major threat to biodiversity today?
Answer
  • climate change
  • invasive species
  • overharvesting
  • captive breeding
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