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Paediatric Dentistry PMU-Part 2 (units 5-9)

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Unit 5. Histogenesis, Morphology and Physiology of Dental Pulp Unit 6: Histogenesis, Morphology and Physiology of Tooth Cementum Unit 7: Histogenesis, Morphology and Physiology of Periodontal Ligament Unit 8: Histogenesis, Morphology and Physiology of Oral Mucosa and Periodontium Unit 9: Dynamics of Primary and Permanent Dentition Development-Stages and Terms Unit 10: Dental Anatomy and Physiology - Characteristics of Primary and Permanent Dentition
mohammed jameel
Quiz by mohammed jameel, updated more than 1 year ago
mohammed jameel
Created by mohammed jameel almost 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Dental Pulp is a loose connective tissue that occupies a space called cavum pulp.
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 2

Question
The walls of canalis radicis dentis becomes thinner due to a dentin deposition
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 3

Question
The dental pulp of the primary teeth begins to develop during the second month of embryonic life from papilla dentis
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 4

Question
Pulp is a specialized epithelial tissue
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 5

Question
Zone of Weil contains Odontoblasts
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 6

Question
Dental Pulp is composed of Procollagen and Collagen fibres
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 7

Question
The fibroblasts of Dental Papilla are responsible for the secretion of Procollagen, Collagen and Glucosaminoglycans
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 8

Question
Dental Pulp is divided into 2 parts: a/ [blank_start]Coronal Pulp[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]Radicular Pulp[blank_end]
Answer
  • Coronal Pulp
  • Radicular Pulp

Question 9

Question
The cellular elements of Pulp are a/ [blank_start]Resident cell population[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]Migratory cell Population[blank_end]
Answer
  • Resident cell population
  • Migratory cell Population

Question 10

Question
The four distinct zones of pulp are: 1/ [blank_start]Odontoblstic Zone in the periphery[blank_end] 2/ [blank_start]Subodontoblastic layer[blank_end] a/[blank_start]Cell free zone of Weil[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]Cell - Rich Zone[blank_end] 3/ [blank_start]Pulp Core[blank_end]
Answer
  • Odontoblstic Zone in the periphery
  • Subodontoblastic layer
  • Cell free zone of Weil
  • Cell - Rich Zone
  • Pulp Core

Question 11

Question
The four functions of Dental Pulp are: a/ [blank_start]Formative[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]Nutritive[blank_end] c/ [blank_start]Sensory[blank_end] d/ [blank_start]Protective[blank_end]
Answer
  • Formative
  • Nutritive
  • Sensory
  • Protective

Question 12

Question
The three periods in the life of pulp are: a/ [blank_start]Embryonic[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]Functional[blank_end] c/ [blank_start]Senile[blank_end]
Answer
  • Embryonic
  • Functional
  • Senile

Question 13

Question
Pulp is surrounded by:
Answer
  • Enamel
  • Cementum
  • Dentin

Question 14

Question
Pulp is formed from the:
Answer
  • Dental Follicle
  • Dental Papilla
  • Enamel Organ

Question 15

Question
The statements about odontoblasts that are correct are:
Answer
  • They are composed of Cross striated fibres
  • They are first observed as elongated cells, then the cells become pear shaped
  • Their long protoplasmic processes extend into the dentin
  • They are undifferentiated cells
  • The nucleus is located in the basal portion of the cell

Question 16

Question
The statements about fibroblasts in Dental Pulp that are correct are:
Answer
  • a. They are star shaped cells
  • b. They are elongated spindle cells with a large oval nucleus
  • c. There is a large number of vacuoles in the cytoplasm
  • d. They have numerous cytoplasmic processes

Question 17

Question
Read the Text. Which are the described cells? The large number of these cells is an indicator of cellular disintegration. They directly participate in the protective function of pulp. They have the ability to produce biologically active substances/serotinin,heparin/
Answer
  • a. Odontoblasts
  • b. Fibroblasts
  • c. Histiocytes
  • d. Mastocytes
  • e. Blood cells

Question 18

Question
The theories of dental pain transmission through dentin are: a/ [blank_start]Direct innervation theory[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]Transduction Theory[blank_end] c/ [blank_start]Hydrodynamic Theory[blank_end]
Answer
  • Direct innervation theory
  • Transduction Theory
  • Hydrodynamic Theory

Question 19

Question
The right combination of statements about collagen fibres is 1. They are cross striated fibres 2. The collagen fibrils are made of many individual collagen molecules/Proline, hydroxypoline,Glycine/ 3. They form the peripheral boundary of Dental pulp 4. They are gathered in clusters around the blood vessels
Answer
  • A/ 1,2,3
  • B/ 2,3,4
  • C/ 1,2,4
  • D/ 1,3,4

Question 20

Question
The Subodontoblastic pulp layer includes: 1. Odontoblasts 2. Cell-Free Zone 3. Fibroblasts and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells 4. They are gathered in clusters around the blood vessels
Answer
  • A/ 1,2
  • B/ 1,3
  • C/ 2,3
  • D/ 2,4

Question 21

Question
The pulp core contains: 1. Odontoblasts 2. Zone of Weil 3. Intercellular substance 4. Fibroblasts, defence cells, blood vessels and Nerves
Answer
  • A/ 1,2
  • B/ 3,4
  • C/ 2,4
  • D/ 1,3

Question 22

Question
The right combination of statements about odontoblasts is: 1. These cells are found through the pulp core 2. They are specialised and differentiated cells 3. They form the peripheral boundary of dental pulp 4. They are star-shaped cells 5. They are first observed as elongated cells, then the cells become pear shaped
Answer
  • A/ 1,2,3
  • B/ 2,3,5
  • C/ 2,3,4
  • D/ 1,2,5

Question 23

Question
Which of the following statements are correct? Write down the answer with 'YES' or 'NO' (Just identify the Correct 'YES' Statements)
Answer
  • a. The ground substance of pulp is composed of glycosaminoglycans, mucopolysaccharides, electrolytes and water
  • b. Enamel and Dentin act as a permeable membrane in the ion exchange of the tooth, providing a permanent fluid between the oral liquid and dental pulp
  • c. There are no changes in the chemical composition of the pulp ground substance during the different stages in its life
  • d. Myelinated nerve fibres form the subodontoblastic plexus of Raschkow
  • e. The pores of the fenestrated capillaries permit a rapid exchange of water and solutes
  • f. The pulp chambers in adults teeth are much larger than in children
  • g. During the process of root resorption the pulp of the primary teeth is in functional stage
  • h. There are no elastic fibers in pulp except those present in the walls of the larger blood vessels

Question 24

Question
Match the items from the first column that best relate to the items listed in the second column: A. Odontoblasts - [blank_start]2,5,7,10[blank_end] B. Fibroblasts - [blank_start]4,5,8,9[blank_end] C. Histiocytes - [blank_start]1,3,6,8[blank_end] 1- Poorly differentiated cells with irregular shape 2. Well differentiated and specialised cells 3- Defense cells 4. Elongated, fusiform cells with a large nucleus 5. Formative cells of Dental Pulp 6. There is a large number of vacuoles in the cytoplasm 7. Their long protoplasmic processes extend into the dentin 8. They are embedded in the intercellular substance 9. They have many cytoplasmic processes 10. They are located in the periphery of pulp
Answer
  • 2,5,7,10
  • 4,5,8,9
  • 1,3,6,8

Question 25

Question
Match the items from the first column that best relate to the items listed in the second column: A. Reticulin fibrers - [blank_start]1,4[blank_end] B. Collagen Fibers - [blank_start]2,3[blank_end] 1. Immature collagenous fibers 2. Mature fibers in connective tissue 3. Cross striated fibres 4. Argyrophilic Fibers
Answer
  • 1,4
  • 2,3

Question 26

Question
The features of dental pulp of newly erupted teeth: 1. Large pulp chamber 2. A small number of cells and a small amount of liquids 3. Low pulp potential to provide nutritive and protective function 4. High pulp potential to provide nutritive and protective function 5. High pulp potential to provide formative, sensory and reparative function 6. Large amounts of collagen fibres 7. Small amounts of collagen fibres 8. Large numbers of undifferentiated cells
Answer
  • A/ 1,2,3,5,6,7
  • B/ 1,4,5,7,8
  • C/ 1,2,4,5,8
  • D/ 1,2,5,6,8

Question 27

Question
Cementum is mesodermal in origin
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 28

Question
Cementum is developed from the inner layer of the fully formed saculus dentis
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 29

Question
Cementum is a Vascular tissue.
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 30

Question
The structural units of cementum are cells, fibers and intercellular substance
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 31

Question
Cementum is continuously formed throughout a persons entire life
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 32

Question
Cementum is the least mineralised of the calcified dental tissues
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 33

Question
The cellular cementum covers the dentin of the whole root surface
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 34

Question
Precementum is an unmineralised matrix of cementum
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 35

Question
Two types of cells are functionally concerned with cementum a/ [blank_start]Cementoblasts[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]Cementocytes[blank_end]
Answer
  • Cementoblasts
  • Cementocytes

Question 36

Question
The two types of cementum forms are a/ [blank_start]acellular cementum[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]cellular cementum[blank_end]
Answer
  • acellular cementum
  • cellular cementum

Question 37

Question
Cementum is composed of two types of matrix fibers: a/ [blank_start]Primarily intrinsic fibers[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]Primarily extrinsic fibers[blank_end]
Answer
  • Primarily intrinsic fibers
  • Primarily extrinsic fibers

Question 38

Question
The cells responsible for cementogenesis are:
Answer
  • Odontoblasts
  • Cementoblasts
  • ameoblasts
  • osteoblasts

Question 39

Question
The most accurate and detailed description of cementum is:
Answer
  • Cementum is a hard dental tissue
  • Cementum is formed during the development of tooth root
  • It is a specialized calcified substance covering the root of a tooth
  • It is a hard dental tissue that covers the root of a tooth and is formed together with its development

Question 40

Question
Read the text. Which are the described cells? Cells, with reduced secretory activity, are incorporated into cementum and lie in spaces known as lacunae, where as their protoplasmic processes extend in small canaliculi
Answer
  • Cementoblasts
  • Mesenchymal cells
  • Cementocytes
  • Histiocytes

Question 41

Question
The corkscrew fibers that pass between odontoblasts and reach predentin are called:
Answer
  • Sharpey's fibers
  • Periodontal ligament
  • Matrix fibers
  • Korffs Fibers

Question 42

Question
Cementum is formed:
Answer
  • during the ontogenetic development of the tooth germ
  • after the tooth eruption
  • continuously throughout a person's entire life
  • a+b+b

Question 43

Question
Cementocytes are:
Answer
  • Cells rich in acid mucopolysaccharides
  • Cells that lie in spaces known as lacunae
  • Cells that show a gradual decrease in the size of the cell, nucleus and cytoplasm with ageing
  • Cells with reduced secretory activity
  • a+b+c+d

Question 44

Question
The statements about the acellular cementum that are correct are:
Answer
  • It is called primary cementum and is mainly found on cervical and middle root portions
  • It is an outermost layer
  • Regeneration of cementum is possible
  • Regeneration of cementum is not posssible

Question 45

Question
The features of cementum associated with childhood are:
Answer
  • increase of cementum thickness
  • reduction in cementum thickness
  • lowly mineralised cementum
  • a large amount of cellular cementum is found on the tooth root

Question 46

Question
The right combination of statements about cementum is : 1. Cementum is a hard dental tissue 2. It covers the crown of the tooth 3. It covers the root of the tooth 4. It is a lose connective tissue 5. The compositions of cementum and mature bone are similar but cementum is an avascular mineralised tissue
Answer
  • A/ 1,2,3
  • B/ 2,4,5
  • C/ 1,3,5
  • D/ 3,4,5

Question 47

Question
The right combination of statements about cementoblasts is: 1. They are star-shaped cells with long protoplasmic processes 2. They are tall and cylindrical cells 3. They are cells with a minimal amount of cytoplasm 4. There is a large amount of RNA-granules and mitochondria, well-developed endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus 5. They are responsible for the synthesis of collagen and polysaccharide complexes
Answer
  • A/ 1,2,3
  • B/ 1,4,5
  • C/ 1,3,4
  • D/ 3,4,5

Question 48

Question
The right combination of statements about the cellular cementum is: 1. It is an outermost layer that contains a large number of cells 2. It is an innermost layer that covers dentin 3. It is contiguous with periodontal ligament on its outer surface 4. The cells undergo degeneration and ossification 5. Regeneration of cementum is possible 6. Regeneration of cementum is not possible
Answer
  • A/ 1,3,6
  • B/ 1,3,5
  • C/ 2,4,6
  • D/ 3,4,5

Question 49

Question
Match the items form the first column that best relate to the items listed in the second column Match the cells with their characteristics A. Cementoblasts - [blank_start]1,3,5[blank_end] B. Cementocytes - [blank_start]2,4,6,7[blank_end] 1. They are found on the surface of cementum 2. They are incorporated into cementum 3. They produce fibers and ground substance 4. Cells with reduced secretory activity 5. Cells with high secretory activity 6. Cells with a small amount of cytoplasm 7. Well differentiated cells and reduced secretory activity
Answer
  • 1,3,5
  • 2,4,6,7

Question 50

Question
Match the fibers with their characteristics A. Primarily extrinsic fibers/Sharpey's fibers/ - [blank_start]2,4[blank_end] B. Primarily intrinsic fibers - [blank_start]1,3[blank_end] 1. They are arranged parallel to the root surface 2. They are arranged radially, crossing the cementum layer 3. They are fine-fibered 4. They are produced by periodontal ligament fibroblasts
Answer
  • 2,4
  • 1,3

Question 51

Question
Which of the following statements are correct? Write down the answer with YES or NO a. The permeability of cementum varies with the age and type of cementum -- [blank_start]YES[blank_end] b. The mineral content of cementum is 65% -- [blank_start]YES[blank_end] c. The acellular cementum occurs more frequently on the apical half of the root -- [blank_start]NO[blank_end] d. Fibroblasts are the formative cells of the acellular cementum -- [blank_start]NO[blank_end]
Answer
  • YES
  • YES
  • NO
  • NO

Question 52

Question
The functions of Sharpey's and Korff fibers are: [blank_start]ANSWER IS BELOW[blank_end] a/ Sharpey's fibers -- are the terminal end of principle fibers/of periodontal ligament/that insert into cementum and into the periosteum of the alveolar bone b/ Korff's Fibers -- Pass between odontoblasts, reach Predentin and form the Dental matrix
Answer
  • ANSWER IS BELOW

Question 53

Question
Periodontal ligament is a connective tissue structure, an integral part of Periodontium
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 54

Question
Periodontal ligament attaches the tooth to the surrounding alveolar bone within which it sits and allows functional movement of the tooth.
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 55

Question
Periodontal ligament is a connective tissue, located between dentin and dental pulp
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 56

Question
Periodontal ligament consists of fibres, cells, ground substance, blood and lymphatic vessels, nerve fibres
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 57

Question
The most important elements of periodontal ligament are the cells
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 58

Question
Periodontal ligament receives its blood supply through branches of interalveolar vessels, branches of apical artery supplying the pulp and branches of gingival vessels entering a coronal direction.
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 59

Question
Periodontal ligament is made up of fibres that course between [blank_start]alveolar bone[blank_end] and [blank_start]cementum[blank_end] of the tooth
Answer
  • alveolar bone
  • cementum

Question 60

Question
The cells of periodontal ligament are a/ [blank_start]Fibroblasts[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]Cementoblasts[blank_end] c/ [blank_start]Osteoblasts[blank_end] d/ [blank_start]Histiocytes[blank_end] e/ [blank_start]Mastocytes[blank_end] f/ [blank_start]Lymphocytes[blank_end] g/ [blank_start]Undifferentiated cells[blank_end] h/ [blank_start]Epithelial cell rests of Malassez[blank_end]
Answer
  • Fibroblasts
  • Cementoblasts
  • Osteoblasts
  • Histiocytes
  • Mastocytes
  • Lymphocytes
  • Undifferentiated cells
  • Epithelial cell rests of Malassez

Question 61

Question
The sensory innervation of periodontal ligament is derived from branches of [blank_start]n.Trigeminus[blank_end]
Answer
  • n.Trigeminus

Question 62

Question
The sensory nerve branches of n.trigeminus entering periodontal ligament are derived from two sources THE ANSWER IS BELOW [blank_start]BECAUSE TOO LONG TO ADD BLANK[blank_end] 1. Some nerve bundles enter near the root apex and pass up through periodontal ligament 2. Others enter the middle and cervical portions of the ligament as finer branches through opening in the alveolar walls
Answer
  • BECAUSE TOO LONG TO ADD BLANK

Question 63

Question
The major collagen type found in periodontal ligament is [blank_start]TYPE 1[blank_end]
Answer
  • TYPE 1

Question 64

Question
The narrowest portion of periodontal ligament is around [blank_start]the middle third of the root[blank_end] while the ligament is widest in the [blank_start]cervical and apical third of the root.[blank_end]
Answer
  • the middle third of the root
  • cervical and apical third of the root.

Question 65

Question
Periodontal ligament consists of
Answer
  • Fibers
  • Cells
  • Amorphous inorganic substance
  • Ground substance

Question 66

Question
Periodontal ligament fibroblasts are
Answer
  • Cylindrical cells
  • Spindle-shaped cells
  • Found in large numbers
  • Responsible for the synthesis of collagen
  • Sensory cells

Question 67

Question
The statements about the osteoblasts in periodontal ligament that are correct are:
Answer
  • They are the most numerous cell type in periodontal ligament
  • They are located on the alveolar bone surface
  • They are responsible for the bone formation
  • At certain times they produce secondary cementum
  • At certain times they are converted into osteoclasts
  • They are errant cells

Question 68

Question
It is suggested that cyst formation requires a proliferation of:
Answer
  • Fibroblasts in periodontal ligament
  • Cementoblasts in periodontal ligament
  • Histiocytes in periodontal ligament
  • Epithelial cell rests of Malassez in periodontal ligament
  • Osteoblasts in periodontal ligament

Question 69

Question
The statements about the ground substance of periodontal ligament that are correct are:
Answer
  • It is the environment that surrounds fibres, blood vessels, nerve fibres and cells
  • All components of periodontal ligament ground substance are presumed to be secreted by osteoblasts
  • It acts as a cushion for the displaced tooth
  • It is located on the cementum surface
  • It is responsible for the ion and water delivery and exchange

Question 70

Question
The features of periodontal ligament associated with childhood are:
Answer
  • Wide periodontal ligament space
  • Narrow periodontal ligament space
  • Large amounts of mature collagen fibers
  • Large amounts of fluid ground substance
  • Large number of cells, blood vessels and nerve fibers

Question 71

Question
The width of the periodontal space depends on the 1. degree of mineralization of dental hard tissues 2. Dentition 3. Child's age 4. Functional Stress
Answer
  • 1,2,3
  • 2,3,4
  • 1,4
  • 1,3

Question 72

Question
The right combination of statements about the dentoalveolar fiber group is: 1. The alveolar crest fibers pass over the crest of interdental septum and are embedded in the cervical part of the cementum 2. The horizontal fibers run from cementum to the bone with a perpendicular angle to the long axis of the tooth 3. The oblique fibers are the most numerous fibers in periodontal ligament, running from cementum in an oblique direction to insert into the bone coronally 4. The apical fibers radiate in a rather irregular manner from cementum to the bone at the apical region of the socket
Answer
  • 1,4
  • 2,3,4
  • 3,4
  • 1,2,3,4

Question 73

Question
Ligamentum circulate consists of: 1. Gingival ligament 2. Circumferential gingival fibers 3. Alveolar crest fibers 4. Sharpey's fibers
Answer
  • 1,2,3
  • 2,3,4
  • 3,4
  • 1,2,3,4

Question 74

Question
The right combination of statements about the blood supply of periodontal ligament is: 1. Periodontal ligament is poorly vascularised 2. Periodontal ligament is well vascularised 3. The pressure in the circulatory system is opposed by the hydrostatic pressure of the surrounding tissues 4. It contains numerous capillaries 5. The capillaries are few in number
Answer
  • 1,2,3,4
  • 2,3,4
  • 2,3,4,5
  • 3,4,5

Question 75

Question
The supportive function of periodontal ligament is achieved by the: 1. Horizontal fibers 2. Blood vessels 3. Apical fibers 4. Oblique fibers 5. Histiocytes
Answer
  • 1,2,3
  • 1,3,4
  • 3,4,5
  • 1,4,5

Question 76

Question
Periodontal ligament mechanoreceptors are 1. Ruffini's corpuscles 2. Meissner's corpuscles 3. Free nerve endings 4. Spindle type nerve ending
Answer
  • 1,2
  • 1,2,3
  • 1,2,4
  • 3,4

Question 77

Question
Match the items from the first column that best relate to the items listed on the second column A. Anatomic location of periodontal ligament - [blank_start]2[blank_end] B. Width of the Periodontal Space - [blank_start]1,4,5,6,7[blank_end] C. Functions of periodontal ligament - [blank_start]3[blank_end] 1. It depends on the functional stress 2. It is located between alveolar bone and cementum covering the root 3. It consists of fibers that essentially attach the tooth to alveolar bone within which it sits 4. Periodontal ligament is widest in the cervical third of the root 5. It depends on the different groups of teeth 6. The narrowest portion of periodontal ligament is around the middle third of the root 7. It depends on the different parts of the tooth root
Answer
  • 2
  • 1,4,5,6,7
  • 3

Question 78

Question
YES OR NO a. The ground substance of periodontal ligament is responsible for the ion and water delivery and exchange --- [blank_start]YES[blank_end] b. Cementoblasts and osteoblasts are responsible for the synthesis of collagen in periodontal ligament --- [blank_start]NO[blank_end] c. The width of the periodontal ligament space shows a progressive increase with age --- [blank_start]NO[blank_end] d. Fibroblasts the most numerous cell type in periodontal ligament and are responsible not only for the synthesis of collagen, but also for the removal of the collagen fibers during the continuous remodelling that takes place in the ligament --- [blank_start]YES[blank_end] e. The thinnest portion of periodontal ligament is around the middle third of the root --- [blank_start]YES[blank_end]
Answer
  • YES
  • NO
  • NO
  • YES
  • YES

Question 79

Question
The right combination of statements about periodontal ligament is 1. Periodontal ligament is very poorly innervated 2. The supportive function of periodontal ligament is achieved by the epithelial cell rests of Malassez 3. All nerve fibers, present in periodontal ligament, are myelinated 4. Nerve fibers follow the path of the blood vessels 5. The peripheral nerve fibers are unmyelinated 6. Ruffini's corpuscles are mechanoreceptors in periodontal ligament 7. The periodontal collagen is mostly type IV collagen 8. The pressure in the circulatory system is opposed by the hydrostatic pressure of the surrounding tissues 9. Periodontal ligament is richly supplied with nerve endings that are primarily receptors for pain and pressure
Answer
  • 4,5,6,8,9
  • 1,2,4,8,9
  • 1,3,4,5,7,8
  • 2,4,5,6,8

Question 80

Question
Oral Mucosa consists of epithelium/lamina epithelial/, mucosa/lamina propria mucosae/ submucosa/lamina submucosa.
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 81

Question
The epithelium of the oral mucosa is mesodermal in origin
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 82

Question
The lining mucosa covers the lips, the inside of the cheeks, floor of the mouth, inferior surface of the tongue and soft palate.
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 83

Question
Stratum basale of oral mucosa consists of several layers of compactly arranged cells, firmly attached to the basement membrane
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 84

Question
Lamina Propria mucosae is found above the basement membrane
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 85

Question
No submucosa is found in gingiva, hard palate and dorm of tongue
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 86

Question
Stratum granulosum of the masticatory mucosa consists of two to five layers of rhomboid cells containing keratohyalin granules
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 87

Question
Oral Mucosa can be divided into three main categories based on the function and histology into lining, masticatory and specialised mucosa
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 88

Question
Lamina Epithelialis is of
Answer
  • endodermal origin
  • mesenchymal origin
  • ectodermal origin
  • mixed origin

Question 89

Question
Lamina propria mucosae and lamina submucosa are of
Answer
  • ectodermal origin
  • endodermal origin
  • mixed origin
  • mesenchymal origin

Question 90

Question
Stratum basale and stratum spinosum are the two layers of the:
Answer
  • epithelium of the lining mucosa
  • masticatory mucosa
  • specialized mucosa
  • lamina propria mucosae

Question 91

Question
The characteristics of the masticatory mucosa are:
Answer
  • It covers hard palate and alveolar process
  • It covers dorm of the tongue and soft palate
  • It is subjected to great stress and strain distributions
  • It has greater reparative capacity than lining mucosa

Question 92

Question
The specialized mucosa covers:
Answer
  • Hard Palate and alveolar bone
  • dorsum of the tongue and soft palate
  • lips
  • inner surface of the cheeks

Question 93

Question
The functions of oral mucosa include all of the following except for
Answer
  • sensation
  • beginning of the digestion process
  • secretion
  • protection
  • thermoregulation
  • resorption

Question 94

Question
The characteristics of the lingual mucosa are:
Answer
  • No submucosa is found in the lingual mucosa
  • It is composed of loose connective tissue
  • There are four types of papillae found on the dorsal surface of the tongue
  • In cells Parakeratosis occurs which leads to exfoliation
  • Lamina Propria mucosae forms prominent papillary folds covered by epithelium

Question 95

Question
The taste sensation is experienced best on
Answer
  • Lips
  • Tongue
  • Pharynx
  • Soft Palate
  • Tonsils

Question 96

Question
The right combination of statements about lamina propria mucosae is: 1. It is located beneath the basement membrane 2. It consists of collagen, elastic fibers and reticulin 3. It is a layer of loose connective tissue which lies beneath lamina submucosa 4. It forms multiple prominent papillary folds covers by epithelium
Answer
  • 1,2,3
  • 1,2,4
  • 2,3,4
  • 1,2,3,4

Question 97

Question
The right combination of statements about lamina submucosa is: 1. It is located beneath lamina propria mucosae 2. It is a layer of loose connective tissue 3. It is of endodermal origin 4. It has capacity of glycogen synthesis and deposition
Answer
  • 1,2,3
  • 2,3,4
  • 1,2,4
  • 1,2,3,4

Question 98

Question
As in the skin the 'immigrant' cells present in the non-keratinised epithelium of the lining mucosa are: 1. Langerhans Cells 2. Melanocytes 3. Merkel's cells 4. migrating lymphocytes 5. epithelial cells 6. endodermal cells
Answer
  • 1,2,3
  • 1,2,3,4
  • 3,4,5,6
  • 1,4,5,6

Question 99

Question
The different types of Papillae on the tongue are: 1. Reticular 2. Filiform 3. Fungiform 4. Dendriform 5. Foilate 6. Circumvallate
Answer
  • 1,2,3,4
  • 4,5,6
  • 2,3,5,6
  • 2,3,4,5,6

Question 100

Question
There are 4 types of papillae present in the human tongue: a/ [blank_start]Filiform Papillae[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]Fungiform Papillae[blank_end] c/ [blank_start]Foliate Papillae[blank_end] d/ [blank_start]Circumvallate Papillae[blank_end]
Answer
  • Filiform Papillae
  • Fungiform Papillae
  • Foliate Papillae
  • Circumvallate Papillae

Question 101

Question
The masticatory mucosa has a keratinised stratified squamous epithelium which has 3 layers a/ [blank_start]Stratum basale[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]Stratum Spinosum[blank_end] c/ [blank_start]Stratum granulosum[blank_end]
Answer
  • Stratum basale
  • Stratum Spinosum
  • Stratum granulosum

Question 102

Question
The blood supply of oral mucosa originates from: [blank_start]aa.carotis externa[blank_end] and [blank_start]aa. maxillaris interna[blank_end]
Answer
  • aa.carotis externa
  • aa. maxillaris interna

Question 103

Question
The veins or oral mucosa follow the path of the corresponding arteries and drain into [blank_start]V. Jugularis Interna[blank_end]
Answer
  • V. Jugularis Interna

Question 104

Question
The innervation of oral mucosa is provided by the branches of: a/ [blank_start]N.Trigeminus[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]N. Glossopharingeus[blank_end] c/ [blank_start]N. Hypoglossus[blank_end] d/ [blank_start]N. Facialis[blank_end]
Answer
  • N.Trigeminus
  • N. Glossopharingeus
  • N. Hypoglossus
  • N. Facialis

Question 105

Question
A. The epithelium of the lining and specialised mucosa is thin. non-keratinized: lamina propria mucosae is a layer of loose connective tissue: nonspecific immunity -- [blank_start]2[blank_end] B. There is an increase of the epithelial and basement membrane thickness as well as in the amount of fibrous tissue of the mucosa: heparin deposition -- [blank_start]1[blank_end] C. The epithelium is thin with increased thickness of basement membrane, there are poorly differentiated cells of the connective tissue: weak local immunity -- [blank_start]3[blank_end] 1. age 4-12 years 2. age 0-1 years 3. age 1-3 years
Answer
  • 2
  • 1
  • 3

Question 106

Question
Match the epithelial layers with their characteristics: A. Stratum Basale -- [blank_start]2,3,5,9[blank_end] B. Stratum Spinosum -- [blank_start]1,4,6,7,8[blank_end] 1. It is located above the basal layer 2. It is called also a germinative layer 3. It consists of a single layer cells 4. It consists of 8-10 layers of many sided cells 5. The cells of this layer are poorly differentiated 6. Small amounts of glycogen are found in the cytoplasm 7. Melanocytes are not found in the layer 8. A process of desquamation of the later occurs 9. Molecules and ions move through the layer by a passive transport process
Answer
  • 2,3,5,9
  • 1,4,6,7,8

Question 107

Question
Match the lingual and labial mucosa with their characteristics A. Lingual Mucosa -- [blank_start]2,4,5,6[blank_end] B. Labial Mucosa -- [blank_start]1,3,7[blank_end] 1. It refers to the inside lining of the lips and is part of the lining mucosa 2. It is bound very tightly to the underlying tongue muscles 3. It has very thick and loose submucosa 4. No submucosa found 5. Mucosa forms prominent papillary folds covered by epithelium 6. Four types of papillae are found 7. In cells parakeratosis occurs
Answer
  • 2,4,5,6
  • 1,3,7

Question 108

Question
The functions of oral mucosa are: a/ [blank_start]Sensation[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]beginning of the digestion process[blank_end] c/ [blank_start]secretion[blank_end] d/ [blank_start]excretion[blank_end] e/ [blank_start]resorption[blank_end] f/ [blank_start]protection[blank_end]
Answer
  • Sensation
  • beginning of the digestion process
  • secretion
  • excretion
  • resorption
  • protection

Question 109

Question
Periodontium is a complex anatomical structure composed of both hard and soft tissues
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 110

Question
Gingiva is part of the soft tissue lining of the mouth, tightly bound to the underlying periosteum of alveolar bone and surrounding the teeth in a collar
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 111

Question
The facial attached gingiva is narrowest in the area of incisors
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 112

Question
Healthy gingiva usually has a colour that has been described as dark red
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 113

Question
Physiological changes associated with the tooth eruption occur in periodontium as the dentition changes from primary to permanent teeth
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 114

Question
Periodontal ligament is ectodermal in origin
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 115

Question
Ligamentum circulare dentis consists of gingival ligament, circumferential gingival fibers and alveolar crest fibers
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 116

Question
The attached gingiva is continuous with the marginal gingiva
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 117

Question
The width of the attached gingiva in the incisor region is the widest
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 118

Question
The interdental papilla is also known as the interdental gingiva
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 119

Question
The healthy interdental papilla fill in the area between the teeth apical to their contact areas
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 120

Question
The wall of the gingival sulcus is lined by keratinised epithelium
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 121

Question
Ligamentum circulare and connective tissue attachment serve as a physiologic barrier of periodontium
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 122

Question
The circular gingival fibers attach gingiva to the root dentin
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 123

Question
Sharper's fibers extend from periodontal ligament into cementum and act as a buffer medium against stress
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 124

Question
The fibers of van Korff are corkscrew fibers that pass between odontoblasts and reach predentin
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 125

Question
The formative function of periodontium is provided by the fibers and ground substance in the periodontal ligament
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 126

Question
The periodontium's blood supply is derived from the superior and inferior alveolar arteries
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 127

Question
The pressure during the mastication process is a signal regulating the nutritive function of periodontium
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 128

Question
The supportive function of periodontium provides mechanical attachment of the tooth to the bone
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 129

Question
Which part of the gingiva forms the soft tissue wall of the gingival sulcus
Answer
  • alveolar gingiva
  • marginal gingiva
  • interdental gingiva
  • alveolar bone

Question 130

Question
The statement about the interdental gingiva that is incorrect is
Answer
  • It fills the space between two approximating teeth/gingival embrasure
  • The gingival epithelium is comprised of stratified squamous epithelium which is keratinized in the outer surface of the interdental gingiva and non keratinized in the gingival col.
  • It is a narrow, smooth band, surrounding the teeth in a collar
  • No submucosa is found

Question 131

Question
Which is the described component of periodontium? 'It is a masticatory mucosa that covers the alveolar process of the jaw and surround the neck of the teeth'
Answer
  • Cementum
  • Periodontal ligament
  • Alveolar bone
  • Gingiva

Question 132

Question
The statements about periodontal ligament that are correct are:
Answer
  • It is a mesenchymal origin
  • Periodontal ligament is made up of epithelial tissue
  • Sacculus Dentis gives rise to periodontal ligament
  • It consists of outer and inner cortical plates of compact bone that enclose the spongiosa, a compartment composed of spongy bone.

Question 133

Question
The features of alveolar bone associated with childhood are
Answer
  • spongy bone with large spaces between the bars and plates containing red bone marrow
  • thin and well defined cortical borders
  • spongy bone with thick bars and plates
  • highly mineralized bone

Question 134

Question
The statements about gingiva that are correct are: 1. It is a complex anatomical structure composed of both hard and soft tissues 2. It consists of outer and inner cortical plates of compact bone that enclose the spongiosa, a compartment composed of spongy bone 3. It is a masticatory mucosa that covers the alveolar process of the jaw and surrounds the neck of the teeth 4. Healthy gingiva is usually coral pink
Answer
  • 1,2
  • 3,4
  • 2,3
  • 1,4

Question 135

Question
The features of cementum associated with childhood are: 1. an increase of cementum thickness 2. A reduction in cementum thickness 3. A large amount of cellular cementum is found on the tooth root 4. regeneration of cementum is not possible
Answer
  • 1,3
  • 1,4
  • 2,3
  • 2,4

Question 136

Question
The features of periodontal ligament associated with childhood are 1. wide periodontal ligament space 2. narrow periodontal ligament space 3. large amounts of the mature collagen fibers 4. large amounts of fluid ground substance 5. large number of cells, blood vessels and nerve fibers
Answer
  • 4,5
  • 2,3,4
  • 1,3,4
  • 3,4,5

Question 137

Question
The supportive function of periodontium is provided by 1. Korffs Fibers 2. Cementum 3. Gingiva 4. Alveolar bone 5. Periodontal ligament
Answer
  • 1,3,5
  • 1,2,4,5
  • 2,3,4,5
  • 1,4,5

Question 138

Question
Periodontium consists of four principal components 1. [blank_start]Alveolar bone[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Periodontal ligament[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Cementum[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]Gingiva[blank_end]
Answer
  • Alveolar bone
  • Periodontal ligament
  • Cementum
  • Gingiva

Question 139

Question
Gingiva is divided anatomically into: a/ [blank_start]marginal gingiva[blank_end] b/ [blank_start]attached gingiva[blank_end] c/ [blank_start]interdental gingiva[blank_end]
Answer
  • marginal gingiva
  • attached gingiva
  • interdental gingiva

Question 140

Question
Sacculus Dentis gives rise to three components of periodontium [blank_start]Cementum[blank_end], [blank_start]Periodontal Ligament[blank_end] and [blank_start]Alveolar bone[blank_end]
Answer
  • Cementum
  • Periodontal Ligament
  • Alveolar bone

Question 141

Question
The functions of Periodontium are 1. [blank_start]attachment and support[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Protection[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Nutrition[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]Formative function[blank_end] 5. [blank_start]Sensation[blank_end]
Answer
  • attachment and support
  • Protection
  • Nutrition
  • Formative function
  • Sensation

Question 142

Question
This question has long answers, I will just write them below The alveolar process consists of outer and inner cortical plates of compact bone that enclose the spongiosa, a compartment composed of spongy bone. The features of the spongy bone associated with childhood are [blank_start]ANSWER[blank_end] 1. Spongy bone with large spaces between the bars and plates containing red one marrow 2. Lowly mineralised bone 3. Spongy bone with tiny bars and plates 4. The bone contains numerous lymphatic vessels
Answer
  • ANSWER

Question 143

Question
The characteristics about each area of gingiva are A. Marginal Gingiva -- [blank_start]3,4[blank_end] B. Alveolar Gingiva -- [blank_start]1,5,7[blank_end] C. Interdental Gingiva -- [blank_start]2,4,6[blank_end] 1. Tightly bound to the underlying bone 2. It fills the space between two approximating teeth 3. It is a narrow, smooth band, surrounding the teeth in a collar 4. It forms the soft tissue wall of the gingival sulcus 5. Th width of gingiva may vary between 1-9 mm 6. A recession of interdental papillae occurs as a result of ageing 7. The width of gingiva in the incisor region is the widest
Answer
  • 3,4
  • 1,5,7
  • 2,4,6

Question 144

Question
The characteristics about each component of periodontium are A. Gingiva -- [blank_start]4,7[blank_end] B. Cementum -- [blank_start]2,3,6[blank_end] C. Periodontal Ligament -- [blank_start]2,5[blank_end] D. Alveolar bone -- [blank_start]1,2[blank_end] 1. It consists of outer and inner cortical plates of compact bone that enclose the spongiosa, a compartment composed of spongy bone 2. It develops from the dental follicle 3. It is an avascular tissue 4. It is a masticatory mucosa that covers the alveolar process of the jaw and surrounds the neck of the teeth 5. It is a fibrous connective tissue between alveolar bone and cementum covering the root 6. It is a connective tissue that covers dentin of the tooth root 7. it is the most peripheral component of periodontium
Answer
  • 4,7
  • 2,3,6
  • 2,5
  • 1,2

Question 145

Question
Tooth eruption serves as a definite indicator for children's health
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 146

Question
The primary tooth germs are formed during the 2nd and 3rd months of embryonic life
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 147

Question
At birth each alveolar process contains 8 primary tooth germs
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 148

Question
First the crowns of the primary central incisors in the two jaws are formed, then the crowns of the primary lateral incisors, canines and molars
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 149

Question
Ameloblasts are responsible for the root resorption in primary teeth
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 150

Question
By the time a child is 2.5 - 3 years of age, all primary teeth should have erupted
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 151

Question
At birth two alveolar processes contain:
Answer
  • 10 tooth germs
  • 20 tooth germs
  • 36 tooth germs
  • 24 tooth germs

Question 152

Question
The primary central and lateral incisors germs are laid down during the:
Answer
  • 6-8th months of age
  • 8-12th months of age
  • 12-18th months of age
  • 16-20th months of age

Question 153

Question
By the end of 2.5 -3 years of age should have erupted:
Answer
  • 8 primary teeth
  • 10 primary teeth
  • 20 primary teeth
  • 32 primary teeth

Question 154

Question
The roots of primary teeth begin to resorb
Answer
  • four years after the tooth completion
  • two years after the tooth eruption
  • 2-3 years after the root completion
  • 5 years after the tooth eruption

Question 155

Question
The root resorption of the primary molars begins on the inner surface of the root because:
Answer
  • Permanent tooth germs are located at the lingual side of the roots of the primary molars
  • Permanent tooth germs are located in the interradicular space of the primary molars
  • Permanent tooth germs are located at the medial side of the roots of the primary molars

Question 156

Question
Probable symptoms attending a difficult dentition of primary teeth are:
Answer
  • Fever
  • normal temperature
  • hematoma
  • drowsiness

Question 157

Question
Delayed tooth eruption is the emergence of a tooth into the oral cavity
Answer
  • 5-6 months after the normal eruption time
  • 1 month after the normal eruption time
  • 2 months after the normal eruption time

Question 158

Question
The eruption of primary teeth can be influenced by a number of factors, such as 1/ heredity 2/ physiological factors 3/ pathologic factors 4/ environmental factors
Answer
  • 1,2,3
  • 2,3,4
  • 1,3,4
  • 1,2,3,4

Question 159

Question
Signs and symptoms of the physiological process of a tooth eruption are: 1. a swelling of the gum around the erupting tooth without edema and infiltration 2. a sac filled with fluid and blood 3. irritability and itching 4. increased amounts of saliva
Answer
  • 1,3,4
  • 2,3,4
  • 1,2,3
  • 3,4

Question 160

Question
Causes of a precocious eruption of primary teeth are 1. pathologic pregnancy 2. superficial position of tooth germs 3. rachitis 4. hyperfunction of the endocrine glands 5. poor nutrition
Answer
  • 1,2,3,4
  • 2,4
  • 3,4,5
  • 1,5

Question 161

Question
Causes for a delayed primary tooth eruption are: 1. rachitis 2. superficial position of tooth germ 3. poor nutrition 4. pathologic pregnancy 5. hyper function of the endocrine glands
Answer
  • 1,2,3
  • 1,3,4
  • 3,4,5
  • 2,4,5

Question 162

Question
Stages of primary tooth development are: 1. [blank_start]Development of the teeth within jaw[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Tooth eruption[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Root formation[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]Root resorption[blank_end]
Answer
  • Development of the teeth within jaw
  • Tooth eruption
  • Root formation
  • Root resorption

Question 163

Question
Primary tooth germs develop from [blank_start]Dental lamina[blank_end]
Answer
  • Dental lamina

Question 164

Question
The pits found on the root surface during the tooth resorption are called [blank_start]resorption lacunae[blank_end]
Answer
  • resorption lacunae

Question 165

Question
The three layers of the resorption organ during the tooth resorption are: 1, [blank_start]Peripheral layer[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Middle layer[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Inner layer[blank_end]
Answer
  • Peripheral layer
  • Middle layer
  • Inner layer

Question 166

Question
Fill in the gaps with the latin terms 1. Precocious eruption - [blank_start]Dentitio praecox[blank_end] 2. Delayed tooth eruption - [blank_start]Dentitio Tarda[blank_end] 3. Difficult dentition - [blank_start]Dentitio difficilis[blank_end]
Answer
  • Dentitio praecox
  • Dentitio Tarda
  • Dentitio difficilis

Question 167

Question
Time or eruption A. 6-8 months -- [blank_start]2[blank_end] B - 8-12 months -- [blank_start]4[blank_end] C - 12-16 months -- [blank_start]1[blank_end] D - 16-20 months -- [blank_start]3[blank_end] E - 20-30 months -- [blank_start]5[blank_end] 1. First molars 2. Central incisors 3. Canines 4. Lateral incisors 5. Second molars
Answer
  • 2
  • 4
  • 1
  • 3
  • 5

Question 168

Question
A. Permanent tooth germs develop between the roots of -- [blank_start]2[blank_end] B. The sockets in the jaws in which the roots of teeth with periodontal ligament are held in the alveolar process of maxilla and mandible are called -- [blank_start]4[blank_end] C. The root resorption is caused by -- [blank_start]1[blank_end] D. The resorptive lesions are characterised by the presence of -- [blank_start]5[blank_end] E. The root resorption is a process of a destruction of cementum, dentin and -- [blank_start]3[blank_end] 1. Osteoclasts 2. Primary teeth 3. Pulp 4. Dental alveoli 5. A jagged surface contour of dentin
Answer
  • 2
  • 4
  • 1
  • 5
  • 3

Question 169

Question
Some of the permanent tooth germs are formed during the embryonic life
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 170

Question
At birth each alveolar process contains 10 primary tooth germs and 8 permanent tooth germs
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 171

Question
The normal continuation of permanent tooth eruption is 5 months
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 172

Question
The root formation of permanent teeth is accommodated during the tooth eruption and is a consequence, not a cause of the process
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 173

Question
The initial mineralization of the permanent first molar and the intensive mineralization of primary teeth simultaneously occur during the 9th month of embryonic life.
Answer
  • YES
  • NO

Question 174

Question
The tooth germs of the first permanent molars are laid down during the:
Answer
  • second month of embryonic life
  • third month of embryonic life
  • fourth month of embryonic life
  • sixth month of embryonic life
  • tenth month of embryonic life

Question 175

Question
The tooth germs of the permanent incisors are laid down during the:
Answer
  • sixth month of embryonic life
  • tenth month of embryonic life
  • fourth month of embryonic life
  • third month of embryonic life

Question 176

Question
By the age of 11-12 should have erupted
Answer
  • 20 permanent teeth
  • 8 permanent teeth
  • 28 permanent teeth
  • 24 permanent teeth

Question 177

Question
The statements about the mineralization of permanent teeth that are correct are
Answer
  • The permanent molars begin to mineralise in utero
  • The permanent incisors begin to mineralise during the first months after birth
  • The premolars and molars mineralise at about age 3 years
  • Wisdom teeth begin to mineralize at about age 8 years
  • Mineralization of the first and second permanent molars occurs simultaneously

Question 178

Question
The stages of root formation of permanent teeth that can be distinguished on radiograph are:
Answer
  • Stage of unformed root apex
  • Stage of mineralization
  • Stage of unclosed root apex
  • stage of formed root apex

Question 179

Question
Delayed tooth eruption of permanent teeth is the emergence of a tooth into the oral cavity
Answer
  • 5 months after the normal eruption time
  • 8 months after the normal eruption time
  • 3 years after the normal eruption time
  • 2 years after the normal eruption time

Question 180

Question
Which of the following statements are correct. YES or NO a/ All deciduous teeth arise form dental lamina, later the permanent successors arise from its lingual extension and permanent molars from its distal extension -- [blank_start]YES[blank_end] b/ Permanent teeth usually start erupting at around age 8 years -- [blank_start]NO[blank_end] c/ Root formation of permanent teeth is accommodated during tooth eruption and is a consequence, not a cause of the disease -- [blank_start]YES[blank_end] d/ Permanent root development is complete approximately 3-4 years after their eruption -- [blank_start]YES[blank_end]
Answer
  • YES
  • NO
  • YES
  • YES

Question 181

Question
Which is the best described stage of tooth development? ''There is a breakdown of the gingival connective tissue overlying the crown of the erupting tooth. As the process approaches the overlying epithelium merges with the oral gingival epithelium. Finally the place of the fused tissues is greatly reduced'
Answer
  • mineralization of the tooth
  • crown formation
  • tooth eruption
  • root formation

Question 182

Question
An important role during the period of mineralization of dental hard tissues play: 1/ Macroelements such as Ca and P 2/ Microelements such as F, Mo, V, Mn, Co 3/ Vitamin A 4/ Vitamin D 5/ Vitamin E
Answer
  • 1,2,3
  • 1,2,4
  • 2,3,4
  • 3,4,5

Question 183

Question
Physical factors for precocious eruption of permanent teeth are: 1. [blank_start]Young mothers[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]first pregnancy/primigradiva[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]children with high weight for height[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]female[blank_end]
Answer
  • Young mothers
  • first pregnancy/primigradiva
  • children with high weight for height
  • female

Question 184

Question
The right combination of statements about permanent teeth is 1. The germs of the permanent incisors arise from the distal extension of dental lamina 2. Mineralization begins from the incised edge of the anterior teeth and he tips of the cusps of molars and proceeds towards the cervical region 3. By the age of 11-12 most children have a full set of permanent teeth except for the third molars 4. There are two stages in the development of the root of permanent teeth
Answer
  • 1,2
  • 2,3
  • 3,4
  • 1,3

Question 185

Question
The right combination of statements about the basic principles in tooth eruption is: 1. Upper teeth usually erupt before lower teeth 2. Tooth eruption occurs in specific eruption times 3. The teeth on the upper jaw usually erupt one to two months after the same tooth on the lower jaw 4. Different dental groups emerge in the oral cavity in order known as the dental eruption sequence
Answer
  • 1,2,3
  • 2,3,4
  • 1,2,4
  • 1,3,4

Question 186

Question
Three stages of root formation of permanent teeth are: 1. [blank_start]Stage of unformed root apex[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Stage of unclosed root apex[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Stage of formed root apex[blank_end]
Answer
  • Stage of unformed root apex
  • Stage of unclosed root apex
  • Stage of formed root apex

Question 187

Question
Metabolic disturbances may be a cause of [blank_start]delayed[blank_end] tooth eruption
Answer
  • delayed

Question 188

Question
Hypofunction of endocrine glands may be a cause of [blank_start]delayed[blank_end] tooth eruption
Answer
  • delayed

Question 189

Question
Match the stages of root formation with their characteristics: A. Stages of unformed root apex -- [blank_start]2,6,9[blank_end] B. Stage of unclosed root apex -- [blank_start]3,4,8[blank_end] C -- Stage of formed root apex -- [blank_start]1,5,7[blank_end] 1. The tooth is with a completed root length 2. The walls of the canal are parallel to the long axis of the root 3. The apex continues to close, and the walls of the root canal thicken 4. The apical end is still partially open 5. The tooth is with a closed apical foramen 6. The apex is funnel shaped and typically wider than the coronal aspect of the canal 7. The periodontal membrane has a uniform width around the root and the apex 8. There is no growing zone of the tooth root 9. The periodontal ligament space is demonstrated only on the side of the newly formed walls of the root
Answer
  • 2,6,9
  • 3,4,8
  • 1,5,7

Question 190

Question
The correct dental eruption sequence is : [blank_start]3,1,2,4,6,7,5[blank_end] 1. Central incisors 2. Lateral incisors 3. First molars 4. First premolars 5. Second molars 6. Canines 7. Second premolars
Answer
  • 3,1,2,4,6,7,5

Question 191

Question
The functions of cementum are a/ [blank_start]protective function[blank_end] b/ Function to [blank_start]anchor tooth[blank_end] securely to the [blank_start]bony walls[blank_end] of the [blank_start]tooth socket[blank_end] c/ an [blank_start]excessive[blank_end] formation of [blank_start]cementum[blank_end] on the [blank_start]apical root surface[blank_end] to compensate for [blank_start]occlusal and incisal wear[blank_end] and contribute to [blank_start]continuous passive eruption of tooth[blank_end]
Answer
  • protective function
  • anchor tooth
  • bony walls
  • tooth socket
  • excessive
  • cementum
  • apical root surface
  • occlusal and incisal wear
  • continuous passive eruption of tooth
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