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BVetMed3: Infertility in Large Animals

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Graduate Accelerated Veterinary Medicine (Reproduction) Quiz on BVetMed3: Infertility in Large Animals, created by Marina Martins on 07/04/2019.
Marina Martins
Quiz by Marina Martins, updated more than 1 year ago
Marina Martins
Created by Marina Martins over 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Once a heifer has hit puberty, how often should she come into oestrus?
Answer
  • every 18-24 days
  • every 24-30 days
  • every 14-20 days
  • every 30-36 days

Question 2

Question
How many weeks post-partum is a cow expected to return to oestrus?
Answer
  • 4-6 weeks
  • 2-4 weeks
  • immediately
  • 3-5 weeks

Question 3

Question
Which of the following is FALSE considering oestrus expression in cows?
Answer
  • Every single oestrus in fertile cows should have overt behavioural signs
  • In high yield dairy cows, oestrus duration is thought to be less than 15 hours
  • Oestrus expression requires the environment
  • Sub-oestrus implies reduced oestrus expression

Question 4

Question
Ovsynch in dairy cows involves
Answer
  • Insertion of PRID/CIDR for 7-9 days with PGF2a injected 24 hr before removal of the device
  • Two injections of PGF2a 11 days apart
  • Injection of GnRH on day 0, then PGF2a 7 days later, then a final injection of GnRH at day 9

Question 5

Question
Which of the following is FALSE considering ovarian cysts?
Answer
  • They develop from anovulatory Graafian follicles
  • They develop when the theca cell layer degenerates
  • They are 2.5 cm in diameter
  • They persist longer than 10 days
  • They occur because of a failure of the pre-ovulatory LH surge after the end of the recovery period

Question 6

Question
Poor nutrition in dairy cows can influence fertility directly via
Answer
  • reducing IGF-1 production
  • lowering milk progesterone values
  • increasing insulin values

Question 7

Question
An ovarian cause for follicular cysts are reduced numbers of [blank_start]LH[blank_end] receptors in [blank_start]granulosa[blank_end] cells of cysts vs normal follicles.
Answer
  • LH
  • granulosa

Question 8

Question
Which of the following is FALSE when treating ovarian cysts?
Answer
  • Cows often develop cysts in the immediate postpoartum period but these regress spontaneously and don't need treatment
  • Treat luteal cysts with two doses of PGF2a
  • Treat follicular cysts with a dose of GnRH/hCG followed by PGF2a
  • Treat follicular cysts with intra-vaginal CIDR/PRID for 10-12 days

Question 9

Question
Pyometra in cows is often associated with
Answer
  • a persistent CL
  • luteal cysts
  • follicular cysts
  • thickened ovaries

Question 10

Question
What reproductive pathology is shown in the image?
Image:
Hydrosalpinx (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Uterine torsion
  • Hydrosalphinx
  • Pyometra
  • Follicular ovarian cyst
  • Luteal ovarian cyst

Question 11

Question
Which reproductive pathology is shown in the image?
Image:
Luteal Cyst (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Luteal ovarian cyst
  • Follicular ovarian cyst
  • Pyometra
  • Persistent CL

Question 12

Question
Which of the following is NOT a way to prevent embryonic death in repeat breeders cows?
Answer
  • Use semen from a bull with good fertility
  • Give hCG/GNRH at time of first AI
  • Give GnRH 11-12 days after AI
  • Place PRID device immediately after AI

Question 13

Question
Endometritis is clinically scored based on [blank_start]mucus character[blank_end] and [blank_start]mucus odour[blank_end].
Answer
  • mucus character
  • mucus odour

Question 14

Question
How would you treat endometritis in a cow if no CL is present?
Answer
  • PGF2a
  • Intrauterine cephalosporin
  • GnRH
  • Penicillin G

Question 15

Question
The average 600-day liveweight of Charolais bulls is 800kg. The heritability of liveweight is 0.4. What is the simple EBV for a Charolais bull that weighs 820kg at 600 days of age?
Answer
  • +4kg
  • +8kg
  • +10kg
  • +12kg
  • +20kg

Question 16

Question
A bull had a 600-day liveweight EBV of + 8kg. Imagine you mated this bull to a Charolais cow with a 600-day liveweight EBV of -2kg. What would be the simplistic 600-day EBV of the calf?
Answer
  • +0kg
  • +1kg
  • +2kg
  • +3kg
  • +4kg

Question 17

Question
Brucella abortus typically causes abortions in cows in
Answer
  • 6-9 months
  • 5-7 months
  • at any stage
  • 4-7 months
  • usually late stage abortion

Question 18

Question
Which of the following can cause abortions in cows at any stage of pregnancy?
Answer
  • BVDV
  • Brucella abortus
  • Listeria
  • Leptospira spp.

Question 19

Question
The voluntary waiting period for servicing cows should be at least
Answer
  • 42 days
  • 36 days
  • 50 days
  • 65 days

Question 20

Question
What is the target number of days for the calving-to-first service interval?
Answer
  • 65 days
  • 80 days
  • 42 days
  • 50 days
  • 75 days

Question 21

Question
What is the target conception rate at the first AI service of cows?
Answer
  • 70%
  • 55%
  • 60%
  • 50%
  • 40%

Question 22

Question
When should a farmer see big peaks in inter-oestrus intervals of his dairy herd?
Answer
  • 2-17 days after servicing
  • 18-24 days after servicing
  • 25-35 days after servicing
  • 36 to 48 days after servicing
  • more than 48 days after servicing

Question 23

Question
A farmer measured the milk progesterone levels of a number of cows. Which cow's milk progesterone value suggests it's probably in oestrus?
Answer
  • 4 ng/ml
  • 8 ng/ml
  • 11 ng/ml
  • 20 ng/ml

Question 24

Question
Which of the following is NOT a measurement of reproductive performance in sheep?
Answer
  • Fertility
  • Fecundity
  • Survival Rate
  • Foetal Growth

Question 25

Question
The number of lambs that are born per pregnancy is referred to as
Answer
  • Fertility
  • Fecundity
  • Survival rate
  • Conception Rate

Question 26

Question
If a farmer's flock contains a large number of ewes that birth only single lambs, this likely means his flock primarily has an issue with
Answer
  • poor ovulation rate
  • poor conception rate
  • high embryonic or early foetal loss
  • high stillbirth rates

Question 27

Question
Which of the following would NOT cause a poor conception rate in sheep?
Answer
  • Breeding early in the breeding season
  • Ovarian cysts
  • Clover-rich pastures
  • High environmental temperatures
  • Mineral deficiency

Question 28

Question
In sheep, isoflavones can cause
Answer
  • poor conception rate
  • poor ovulation rate
  • early embryonic death
  • late foetal death

Question 29

Question
How would you treat hydrometra in goats?
Answer
  • PGF2a
  • Oxytocin
  • GnRH and Oxytocin
  • PGF2a and Oxytocin
  • GnRH and PGF2a
  • GnRH

Question 30

Question
Which of the following would likely not cause early embryonic death?
Answer
  • Asynchrony between embryonic development and timing of the progesterone rise
  • Underfeeding in early pregnancy
  • Increased age of ewe
  • Deficiency of selenium
  • Deficiency of iodine

Question 31

Question
Placental insufficiency in late foetal death of lambs is likely caused by
Answer
  • underfeeding in early pregnancy
  • overfeeding in early pregnancy
  • underfeeding in late pregnancy
  • overfeeding in late pregnancy

Question 32

Question
Which of the following is the most common reason for late foetal death in sheep and goats?
Answer
  • Chlamydophila abortus
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Campylobacter
  • Brucellosis
  • Leptospirosis
  • Border Disease

Question 33

Question
[blank_start]NOS[blank_end] inhibitors like [blank_start]L-nitroarginine[blank_end] can correct poor mothering ability by preventing changes in neuronal circuits in the olfactory bulb.
Answer
  • NOS
  • L-nitroarginine

Question 34

Question
If you wanted to investigate the ovulation rate of a flock of sheep, which value(s) would you primarily look at it?
Answer
  • Nutrition
  • Timing of ram use
  • BCS
  • Length of mating
  • Stress
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