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Final Exam Review

Description

Quiz on Final Exam Review, created by Trent McNutt on 06/05/2019.
Trent McNutt
Quiz by Trent McNutt, updated more than 1 year ago
Trent McNutt
Created by Trent McNutt over 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What is the purpose of white blood cells within the FRT?
Answer
  • Spermatozoa are foreign to the female reproductive tract. Some are attacked by white blood cells.
  • None.

Question 2

Question
What is one benefit and one challenge that is a result of these white blood cells being in the female reproductive tract?
Answer
  • Non-motile and abnormal spermatozoa are removed (benefit)
  • Other normal cells may be removed (challenge)

Question 3

Question
What is capacitation?
Answer
  • The biochemical change to sperm that allows the true acrosome reaction to occur
  • None

Question 4

Question
How does capacitation alter sperm motility?
Answer
  • Change in tail motility (hyper-activation)
  • None

Question 5

Question
Fertilization can occur without capacitation.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
What is the primary purpose of the acrosomal reaction?
Answer
  • Fusion of sperm plasma membrane and outer acrosomal membrane
  • None

Question 7

Question
What is “vesiculation”?
Answer
  • Pores develop at point of fusion and enzymes in the acrosome can be released
  • None.

Question 8

Question
How does the nucleus of the sperm change once the sperm is engulfed by the oocyte?
Answer
  • Decondenses
  • None

Question 9

Question
Label the layers/parts of the oocyte labeled A, B, and C.
Image:
Oocyte (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Zona pellucida
  • None
  • Perivitelline space
  • None
  • Oocyte nucleus
  • None

Question 10

Question
Label at least 4 structures of early embryo genesis.
Image:
Oviduct (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • ootid
  • None
  • Zygote
  • None
  • Two-celled stage
  • None
  • Four-celled stage
  • None

Question 11

Question
What is the function of the allantois?
Answer
  • Carries blood vessels of placenta
  • None

Question 12

Question
What is the function of the amnion?
Answer
  • Protects fetus from injury, provides lubrication for parturition, reservoir for urine and wastes
  • None

Question 13

Question
Maternal recognition of pregnancy is necessary in many species to prevent pregnancy loss caused by what irreversible event?
Answer
  • Luteolysis
  • None

Question 14

Question
In order for maternal recognition of pregnancy to occur in the ewe/cow, what (if anything) is secreted by the conceptus to signal its presence
Answer
  • Interferon Tau
  • None

Question 15

Question
How does the presence of the conceptus affect PGF2α production?
Answer
  • Protects CL by preventing PGFRa pulses.
  • None

Question 16

Question
In order for maternal recognition of pregnancy to occur in sows, what (if anything) is secreted by the conceptus to signal its presence?
Answer
  • Estrogen
  • None

Question 17

Question
How does the presence of the conceptus affect PGF2α production in sows?
Answer
  • Estradiol does not inhibit PGF2a but causes it to be rerouted -> away from submucosal capillaries (for countercurrent exchange transport)
  • None

Question 18

Question
In order for maternal recognition of pregnancy to occur in mares, what must happen?
Answer
  • Embryo must migrate between horns from days 12 – 17 of gestation
  • Presence of the conceptus prevents Luteolysis -> reduces endometrial production of PGF2a

Question 19

Question
Complete the table below to indicate the correct classification of placenta for each species. The dog is provided as an example
Image:
Capture (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Epitheliochorial
  • Epitheliochorial also
  • Hemochorial
  • Epitheliochorial again
  • Diffuse
  • Diffuse also
  • Cotyledonary
  • Discoid

Question 20

Question
Describe the main characteristics of a diffuse placenta type.
Answer
  • Uniform distribution of chorionic villi
  • Initial attachment occurs around day 12 of gestation and is well established by day 18 – 20 after fertilization

Question 21

Question
How does the zonary placenta type differ from the diffuse placenta type?
Answer
  • Has prominent exchange region (chorionic villi) that forms a zone near the middle of the conceptus
  • None

Question 22

Question
The placental unit of trophoblastic origin consisting of abundant blood vessels and connective tissue, found in ruminants, is called:
Answer
  • Cotyledon
  • None

Question 23

Question
Although mares, sows, and ruminants (ex: cows) all have epitheliochorial placentas, the placenta of the cow is different compared to the sow and mare. What are 2 differences?
Answer
  • Caruncles/Endometrial folds
  • None

Question 24

Question
When classifying placentas based on level of intimacy/number of tissue layers, what type would have 6 layers?
Answer
  • Epitheliochorial
  • None

Question 25

Question
Which is the “most intimate placenta type”?
Answer
  • Hemochorial
  • None

Question 26

Question
The fetus triggers the onset of parturition by secreting [blank_start]cortisol[blank_end].
Answer
  • cortisol
  • None

Question 27

Question
What 3 hormones contribute to myometrial contractions during parturition?
Answer
  • Oxytocin
  • Estrogen
  • PGF2a

Question 28

Question
Which hormone is released as a consequence of pressure on the cervix?
Answer
  • Oxytocin
  • None

Question 29

Question
Which hormone allows for loosening/widening of the birth canal to allow for parturition?
Answer
  • Relaxin
  • None

Question 30

Question
What is dystocia?
Answer
  • trouble giving birth
  • None
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