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Molecular Biology MCQs

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Quiz on Molecular Biology MCQs, created by Hussain Basheer on 07/06/2019.
Hussain Basheer
Quiz by Hussain Basheer, updated more than 1 year ago
Hussain Basheer
Created by Hussain Basheer over 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which processes are parts of mRNA maturation?
Answer
  • splicing
  • 3´ capping
  • formation of double-stranded regions
  • polyadenylation

Question 2

Question
Down syndrome is caused by
Answer
  • a gene mutation
  • a structural chromosomal mutation
  • a numerical chromosomal mutation
  • a frameshift mutation

Question 3

Question
During anaphase II of meiosis
Answer
  • homologues separate and migrate towards opposite
  • sister chromatids separate and migrate towards opposite poles
  • nuclear membrane reforms
  • chromosomes line up in a single line

Question 4

Question
What is a promoter
Answer
  • it is a protein complex
  • it is a nucleotide sequence
  • it is needed for initiation of replication
  • it is crucial for transcription initiation

Question 5

Question
A primer is a short sequence of
Answer
  • RNA where replication starts
  • DNA where transcription starts
  • DNA where replication starts
  • RNA where translation startS

Question 6

Question
A primer is a short
Answer
  • protein sequence where replication starts
  • DNA sequence where transcription starts
  • RNA sequence where replication starts
  • RNA sequence where translation starts

Question 7

Question
DNA replication is
Answer
  • conservative
  • semiconservative
  • dispersive
  • continuous

Question 8

Question
Necrosis is
Answer
  • a result of acute chronic damage
  • controlled genetically
  • characterized by inflammation
  • characterized by rupture of the plasma membrane

Question 9

Question
The nucleosome
Answer
  • is DNA wrapped around a histone octamer
  • contains four types of histone proteins
  • is a complex of DNA and non-histone proteins;
  • contains five types of histone proteins

Question 10

Question
RNA Polymerase III transcribes:
Answer
  • mRNA;
  • 5.8S rRNA
  • tRNA
  • 5S rRNA

Question 11

Question
Synapsis occurs during
Answer
  • mitosis
  • anaphase I
  • prophase I
  • mitosis and meiosis

Question 12

Question
Which statements for oogenesis are true?
Answer
  • it is interrupted process
  • meiosis II is accomplished after fertilization
  • starts during puberty
  • has 4 distinct stages

Question 13

Question
Oogenesis begins
Answer
  • in the embryonic period
  • at birth
  • at puberty
  • in the last week of gestation

Question 14

Question
In oogenesis meiosis II is accomplished
Answer
  • at birth
  • after fertilization
  • before fertilization
  • at ovulation

Question 15

Question
A missense mutation
Answer
  • is an exchange of a coding codon with a STOP codon
  • is an exchange of a coding codon with a codon coding for another amino acid
  • a coding codon with a codon coding for the same aminoacid
  • changes the amino acid sequence of the protein

Question 16

Question
tRNA carries
Answer
  • The amino acid to the nucleuS
  • the rRNA to the mRNA
  • the mRNA to the nucleus
  • the amino acid to the ribosome

Question 17

Question
snRNA are localized in the
Answer
  • nucleus
  • cytoplasm
  • mitochondria
  • cell membrane

Question 18

Question
snRNA is used in
Answer
  • translation
  • splicing
  • polyadenylation
  • transcription

Question 19

Question
Helicase
Answer
  • separates the two DNA strands
  • elongates the newly synthesized strand
  • joins the Okazaki fragments
  • removes the supercoiling

Question 20

Question
Necrosis is characterized by
Answer
  • shrinkage of the cell
  • DNA ladder
  • rupture of the cell membrane
  • genetic program

Question 21

Question
In eukaryotes the first amino acid synthesized during translation is
Answer
  • isoleucine
  • leucine
  • methionine
  • formylmethionine

Question 22

Question
Western blotting is a method for detection of:
Answer
  • RNA
  • DNA
  • proteins
  • lipids

Question 23

Question
Southern blotting is a method for detection of:
Answer
  • RNA
  • DNA
  • sugars
  • proteins

Question 24

Question
Northern blotting is a method for detection of
Answer
  • RNA
  • DNA
  • proteins
  • lipids

Question 25

Question
The nitrogen bases in the DNA helix are linked by
Answer
  • phosphodiester bonds
  • disulfide bridges
  • covalent bonds
  • hydrogen bonds

Question 26

Question
In metaphase of mitosis
Answer
  • the nucleolus breaks down
  • chromosomes are at the equator
  • the nuclear membrane reforms
  • chromosomes move to the opposite poles

Question 27

Question
Pyrimidines are
Answer
  • adenine and guanine
  • adenine and cytosine
  • thymine and guanine
  • thymine and cytosine

Question 28

Question
Purines are
Answer
  • adenine and thymine
  • thymine and guanine
  • adenine and guanine
  • thymine and cytosine

Question 29

Question
Mitochondrial DNA is
Answer
  • linear
  • single-stranded
  • inherited paternally
  • circular

Question 30

Question
If the mRNA has 90 codons, then the polypeptide chain is made of
Answer
  • 270 amino acids
  • 30 aminoacids
  • 90 amino acids
  • 60 amino acids

Question 31

Question
. mRNA
Answer
  • carries the amino acid to the ribosome
  • is synthesized in the cytoplasm
  • is the template for translation
  • contains rRNA genes

Question 32

Question
The acrosomal reaction
Answer
  • enables the entry of the sperm cell into oocyte
  • enables fusion of the male and female pronuclei
  • prevents polyspermy
  • completes meiosis II of the oocyte

Question 33

Question
The cortical reaction
Answer
  • enables the entry of the sperm cell into the oocyte
  • enables the fusion of the male and female pronuclei
  • prevents polyspermy
  • changes the membrane potential of the sperm cell membrane

Question 34

Question
Crossing-over occurs during
Answer
  • anaphase I
  • prophase I
  • mitosis
  • metaphase

Question 35

Question
Okazaki fragments form in the process of:
Answer
  • transcription
  • translation
  • splicing
  • replication

Question 36

Question
. A missense mutation changes the
Answer
  • amino acid sequence of the protein
  • open reading frame of the gene
  • order of codons within the gene
  • position of the TATA box in the promoteR

Question 37

Question
PCR is a method for amplification of
Answer
  • RNA
  • DNA
  • sugars
  • proteins

Question 38

Question
47 XX+21 is the genetic formula of a female with
Answer
  • Turner syndrome
  • Down syndrome
  • Kleinfelter syndrome
  • Edwards syndrome

Question 39

Question
A male with a karyotype 47, XXY has
Answer
  • Turner syndrome
  • Kleinfelter syndrome;
  • Down syndrome
  • Edwards syndrome

Question 40

Question
A female with a karyotype 45, X0 has
Answer
  • Turner syndrome
  • Kleinfelter syndrome
  • Down syndrome
  • Edwards syndrome

Question 41

Question
The genetic formula 45, XO is typical of
Answer
  • Down syndrome
  • Kleinfelter syndrome
  • Turner syndrome
  • Edwards syndrome

Question 42

Question
Turner syndrome is
Answer
  • trisomy of the X chromosome
  • monosomy of the X chromosome
  • monosomy of the Y chromosome
  • trisomy of the Y chromosome

Question 43

Question
Edwards syndrome is a trisomy of chromosome
Answer
  • 12
  • 21
  • 23
  • 18

Question 44

Question
In proteins amino acids are linked by
Answer
  • peptide bonds
  • disulfide bridges
  • hydrogen bonds
  • triphosphate bridges

Question 45

Question
In anaphase of mitosis
Answer
  • The nucleolus breaks down
  • chromosomes are at the equator
  • the nuclear membrane reforms
  • chromosomes move to the opposite poles

Question 46

Question
In meiosis sister chromatids separate during
Answer
  • metaphase I
  • telophase II
  • anaphase II
  • prometaphase I

Question 47

Question
An enhancer is a
Answer
  • nucleotide sequence
  • protein complex
  • transcription factor
  • ribozyme

Question 48

Question
In DNA nucleotides are linked by
Answer
  • phosphodiester bonds
  • disulfide bridges
  • covalent bonds
  • hydrogen bonds

Question 49

Question
The functions of miRNAs are
Answer
  • coding
  • enzymatic
  • transporting
  • regulatory

Question 50

Question
The nitrogen bases in the DNA helix are linked by
Answer
  • phosphodiester bonds
  • disulfide bridges
  • covalent bonds
  • hydrogen bonds

Question 51

Question
The 5’ cap is important for
Answer
  • snRNA stability
  • formation of the spliceosome
  • termination of transcription
  • mRNA transport into the cytoplasm

Question 52

Question
The TATA sequence is commonly found in:
Answer
  • telomeres
  • centromeres
  • promoters
  • enhancers

Question 53

Question
In meiosis sister chromatids separate during
Answer
  • metaphase I
  • telophase II
  • anaphase II;
  • prometaphase I

Question 54

Question
The Robertsonian translocation is a
Answer
  • structural chromosomal mutation
  • gene mutation
  • point mutation
  • separation of metacentric chromosomes.

Question 55

Question
Which proteins control the cell cycle?
Answer
  • snRNPs
  • activators
  • CDKs
  • promoters

Question 56

Question
Polyadenylation occurs at
Answer
  • the 5’ end of DNA during replication
  • the 3’ end of rRNA during transcription
  • the 5’ end of mRNA during transcription
  • the 3’ end of mRNA during transcription

Question 57

Question
The spliceosome contains
Answer
  • transcription factors
  • endonucleases
  • snRNPs
  • enhancers

Question 58

Question
Capacitation is a reaction that occurs in
Answer
  • oogenesis
  • spermatogenesis
  • fertilization
  • meiosis

Question 59

Question
The START codon for translation is
Answer
  • AAU
  • AUU
  • AUG
  • AUC

Question 60

Question
How many types of rRNA exist in eukaryotes?
Answer
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4

Question 61

Question
DNA replication takes place during
Answer
  • S phase
  • G1 phase
  • metaphase
  • telophase

Question 62

Question
Prokaryotic mRNA
Answer
  • is monocistronic
  • contains introns;
  • has a 5’ cap
  • has more than one cistron

Question 63

Question
Heterochromatin
Answer
  • contains functional genes
  • is decondensed
  • replicates late in the S phase
  • is lightly stained

Question 64

Question
Euchromatin
Answer
  • is darkly stained
  • is replicated late in the S phase
  • contains functional genes
  • is highly condensed

Question 65

Question
Apoptosis
Answer
  • causes inflammation
  • is under genetic control
  • is caused by rupture of the cell membrane
  • causes enlargement of the cell

Question 66

Question
Which enzymes promote apoptosis?
Answer
  • snRNPs
  • topoisomerases
  • polymerases
  • caspases

Question 67

Question
Intron is the
Answer
  • coding region of a gene
  • non-coding region of a gene
  • 2 nucleotides that code for one amino acid
  • 3 nucleotides that code for one amino acid

Question 68

Question
Exon is the:
Answer
  • coding region of a gene
  • non-coding region of a gene
  • 2 nucleotides that code for one amino acid
  • 3 nucleotides that code for one amino acid

Question 69

Question
Spermatogenesis
Answer
  • is an interrupted process
  • begins at birth
  • has 4 distinct stages
  • is very inefficient

Question 70

Question
The consequence of a nonsense mutation is
Answer
  • change in the amino acid sequence
  • truncated protein
  • shift of the open reading frame
  • different codon order

Question 71

Question
The first AUG sequence in eukaryotes is located in the
Answer
  • Shine-Dalgarno sequence
  • Kozak sequence
  • Pribnow box
  • TATA box

Question 72

Question
Kozak sequence
Answer
  • tRNA
  • mRNA
  • rRNA
  • snRNA

Question 73

Question
Which method is used for DNA amplification?
Answer
  • Southern blot
  • Northern blot
  • PCR
  • RT-PCR

Question 74

Question
Which enzyme is not involved in DNA replication?
Answer
  • RNA polymerase
  • ligase
  • RNA primase
  • telomerase

Question 75

Question
The acrosome is:
Answer
  • an organelle at the tip of the sperm cell
  • the site where the flagellum of the sperm cell begins
  • an organelle in the perivitelline space of the oocyte
  • the vitelline envelope of the sperm cell

Question 76

Question
The polypeptide chain is built up of
Answer
  • fatty acids
  • amino acids
  • disaccharides
  • polysaccharides

Question 77

Question
In oogenesis meiosis II is accomplished
Answer
  • at birth
  • after fertilization
  • before fertilization
  • at ovulation

Question 78

Question
The nucleosome
Answer
  • Contains H2A, H2B, H3, H4 histone molecules;
  • contains 2 types of histone molecules
  • is DNA wrapped around a non-histone octamer
  • contains 6 types of histone molecules

Question 79

Question
The ribosome is a complex of
Answer
  • DNA and proteins
  • mRNA and tRNA
  • rRNA and polysaccharides
  • rRNA and proteins

Question 80

Question
Restriction enzymes are used in
Answer
  • DNA replication
  • DNA cloning
  • RNA replication
  • RNA restriction

Question 81

Question
Which nucleic acid functions as a ribozyme?
Answer
  • mRNA
  • DNA
  • rRNA
  • ssDNA

Question 82

Question
Plasmids are circular DNAs in
Answer
  • mammalian cells
  • viruses
  • bacterial cells
  • sperm cells

Question 83

Question
. The nucleosome contains
Answer
  • an octamer of histones and 246 bp of DNA
  • an octamer of histones and 146 bp of DNA
  • a hexamer of histones and 146 bp of DNA
  • a hexamer of histones and 146 bp of RNA

Question 84

Question
SSB proteins are required for
Answer
  • transcription
  • translation
  • splicing
  • replication

Question 85

Question
Which enzyme does not take part in DNA replication?
Answer
  • helicase
  • ligase
  • RNA primase
  • RNA polymerase

Question 86

Question
Which enzyme unwinds DNA?
Answer
  • DNA-polymerase
  • helicase
  • transferase
  • topoisomerase

Question 87

Question
What is the sequence of the mRNA, if the DNA antisense strand is AATCCGGAT?
Answer
  • 5’ ATCCGGATT 3’
  • 5’ TTAGGCCTA 3’
  • 5’ AUCCGGAUU 3’
  • 5’ UUAGGCCUA 3’

Question 88

Question
Topoisomerase
Answer
  • removes supercoiling of DNA
  • separates the two DNA strands
  • destroys the nuclear envelope
  • forms the peptide bond
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