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Neurophysiology Lectures 1-3

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Quiz on Neurophysiology Lectures 1-3, created by Shaye Antal on 26/06/2019.
Shaye Antal
Quiz by Shaye Antal , updated more than 1 year ago
Shaye Antal
Created by Shaye Antal over 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
In the division of the Peripheral nervous system, both Afferent and efferent contain voluntary and involuntary divisions. What is the correct division of the peripheral nervous system
Answer
  • Sensory/afferent contains visceral and somatic sensory division where Motor/efferent contains visceral (voluntary) and somatic/autonomic (involuntary) divisions
  • Sensory/efferent contains visceral and somatic sensory division where Motor/afferent contains visceral (voluntary) and somatic/autonomic (involuntary) divisions
  • Sensory/afferent contains visceral and somatic sensory division where Motor/efferent contains visceral/autonomic (voluntary) and somatic (involuntary) divisions
  • Sensory/afferent contains visceral and somatic sensory division where Motor/efferent contains visceral/autonomic (involuntary) and somatic (voluntary) divisions
  • Sensory/efferent contains visceral and somatic sensory division where Motor/afferent contains visceral/autonomic (involuntary) and somatic (voluntary) divisions

Question 2

Question
Injury to a Neuron will result in...
Answer
  • regeneration of the neuron
  • neuronal death and permanent change to the structure and function of the affected area
  • temporary change to the structure and functions of the affected areas
  • inability to form synaptic junctions

Question 3

Question
Which of the following is incorrect about the neuron composition?
Answer
  • The axon hillock is also termed the trigger zone and is where the action potential begins
  • The internodes enhance the speed of information transfer on neurons bigger than 1 micrometer in diameter
  • The node of ranvier is the gaps in the myelin sheath where an action potential takes place
  • The soma is the information receiving area of the cell membrane
  • the presynaptic terminal is located at the end of the axon and transmits information into the synaptic cleft

Question 4

Question
Which of the glia cells is a modified plasma membrane in the central nervous system?
Answer
  • Schwann cells
  • Oligodendrocytes
  • Astrocytes
  • Ependymal cells
  • microglial cells

Question 5

Question
When comparing Neuroglia cells to Neurons, which is an important factor of the Neuroglia cell
Answer
  • They have the capacity to divide
  • once they reach maturity they can regenerate but it is very difficult
  • injury to a neuroglia cell is permanent
  • They produce action potentials
  • they contain axons and dendrites

Question 6

Question
Which glia cell recruits astrocytes to damaged areas, and help destroy unnecessary synapses?
Answer
  • microglial cells
  • astrocytes
  • oligodendrocytes
  • ependymal cells
  • schwann cells

Question 7

Question
What is not a function of an astrocyte?
Answer
  • forms the outer and inner glial limiting membranes of the CNS
  • releases neurotrophic factors important for neuronal survival
  • helps elongate axons and dendrites
  • participates in the repair process following tissue injury
  • maintains a neurons working environment by controlling the concentration of important ions
  • provides metabolic support
  • helps with neuron communication
  • releases nitric oxide to prevent viral replication

Question 8

Question
Ependymal glial cells are involved in creating cerebrospinal fluid and are located...
Answer
  • the choroid plexus of all 4 ventricles
  • The choroid plexus in the 1st and 2nd ventricles of the medulla oblongata
  • The choroid plexus in the 4th ventricle of the pons
  • The choroid plexus in the 4th ventricle of the medulla oblongata
  • The choroid plexus in the 3rd ventricles of the medulla oblongata
  • The choroid plexus of the 3rd ventricle of the pons

Question 9

Question
What is the name of the glial cell in the peripheral nervous system
Answer
  • Neurolemmocyte
  • microglial cell
  • oligodendrocyte
  • ependymal cell

Question 10

Question
What is the action of Astrocytes on potassium channels?
Answer
  • astrocytes open potassium channels and allow for the repolarization of the neuron
  • astrocytes have no effect on potassium channels only sodium channels
  • astrocytes redirect where the potassium goes during depolarization by exchanging ions with neighboring cells
  • astrocytes direct potassium into the neuron to allow for depolarization of the neuron and block sodium channels from opening

Question 11

Question
What specific part of the nervous system provides information about body position, touch, pressure, pain, and temperature?
Answer
  • visceral sensory division of the PNS
  • Somatic sensory division of the PNS
  • Visceral motor division of the PNS
  • somatic motor division of the PNS
  • Visceral sensory division of the CNS
  • Somatic sensory division of the CNS
  • Visceral motor division of the CNS
  • somatic motor division of the CNS

Question 12

Question
What functional area of the brain is important for conscious experiences of sensation and initiation of voluntary movement?
Answer
  • Telencephalon
  • Cerebellum
  • Thalamus
  • Hypothalamus
  • Brainstem

Question 13

Question
The Cerebrum contains a right and left hemisphere that is composed of bilateral structures except for...
Answer
  • cerebral cortex
  • white matter
  • basal nuclei
  • corpus callosum

Question 14

Question
What functional area of the cerebral cortex is responsible for learning and intelligent behavior
Answer
  • Primary cortical sensory area
  • promoter frontal cortex
  • supplementary motor cortex
  • association areas
  • White matter
  • vestibular area

Question 15

Question
If an animal has damage to neurons located cranially to the decussation in the thalamus this would affect what side?
Answer
  • contralateral side
  • ipsilateral side
  • left side
  • right side
  • cranial side
  • caudal side

Question 16

Question
What portion of the brain contains a large amount of inhibitory output and helps suppress less appropriate competing patterns.
Answer
  • corpus callosum
  • cerebral cortex
  • telencephalon
  • Basal nuclei
  • Thalamus
  • hypothalamus

Question 17

Question
What happens if the cerebellum is damaged?
Answer
  • loss of spatial accuracy and smooth execution of movements and equilibrium
  • Parkinson's diseases
  • the inability for the left and right hemispheres t to communicate and work as a functional unit
  • inability to store memory

Question 18

Question
what is the name for the crossing over that occurs in the Thalamus?
Answer
  • Relaying nucleus
  • cerebral gateway
  • decussation
  • integration station

Question 19

Question
What are the borders of the limbic system
Answer
  • cerebellum, thalamus
  • cerebrum, cerebellum
  • Hypothalamus, thalamus
  • cerebrum, thalamus

Question 20

Question
What is not a coordinated function of the hypothalamus?
Answer
  • Heart rate
  • blood pressure
  • temperature
  • water balance
  • food intake
  • circadian rhythm
  • gonadal function
  • emotions
  • breathing

Question 21

Question
What portion of the brainstem provides a pathway for nerve fibers to relay sensory information between the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex
Answer
  • medulla oblongata
  • pons
  • midbrain

Question 22

Question
What is also called the Extrapyramidal tract?
Answer
  • cerebral cortex
  • pons
  • midbrain
  • brainstem UMN pathways

Question 23

Question
The dorsal root contains_____ neurons and the ventral root contains ______ neurons.
Answer
  • peripheral; central
  • pseudo-unipolar; sensory
  • sensory; motor
  • motor; sensory
  • sensory; pseudo-unipolar
  • central; peripheral

Question 24

Question
After entering the cord, the sensory signal will travel to higher levels of the cord and cause a reflex on the effector organ.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
In the motor division of the Peripheral nervous system what type of nerve is the exception to a lower motor neuron.
Answer
  • Intermediate nerve
  • cranial nerve
  • spinal nerve
  • sensory nerve
  • post-ganglionic autonomic motor nerve

Question 26

Question
Which is not a type of sensory receptor?
Answer
  • neurons
  • free nerve endings
  • complex receptors
  • special senses receptors
  • specific ganglionic receptors
  • all of the above are types of sensory receptors

Question 27

Question
What type of sensory neuron synapses with the relay nucleus and undergoes the crossing over event.
Answer
  • Primary neurons found in the PNS
  • Secondary neurons found in the PNS
  • Tertiary neurons found in the PNS
  • Primary neurons found in the CNS
  • Secondary neurons found in the CNS
  • Tertiary neurons found in the CNS

Question 28

Question
Found in the CNS the [blank_start]Third[blank_end] order neurons conduct impulses from the thalamus to primary somatosensory cortex
Answer
  • Third

Question 29

Question
___________ is a connective tissue layer that surrounds a bundle of nerve fibers called _______.
Answer
  • endoneurium; nerve fibers
  • endoneurium; peripheral nerves
  • perineurium; peripheral nerves
  • perineurium; fascicle
  • epineurium; nerve fibers
  • epineurium; peripheral nerves

Question 30

Question
A canine spinal cord has __ cervical, __ thoracic, __ lumbar, ___ sacral and about ___ caudal spinal nerves.
Answer
  • 8,13,8,5,5
  • 7,12,7,5,5,
  • 8,13,8,3,5
  • 8,13,7,3,5
  • 7,12,6,5,3

Question 31

Question
Spinal nerve C1 exits the vertebral canal via __________ where all others exit via ________.
Answer
  • intervertebral foramen; intervertebral foramen
  • lateral vertebral foramen; intervertebral foramen
  • medial vertebral foramen; intervertebral foramen
  • lateral vertebral foramen; medial vertebral foramen
  • medial vertebral foramen; lateral vertebral foramen
  • intervertebral foramen; lateral vertebral foramen
  • intervertebral foramen; medial vertebral foramen

Question 32

Question
The caudal intumescence innervates the____________________________.
Answer
  • cranial and proximal muscles of the limb
  • cranial and proximal muscles of the thorax
  • distal and caudal muscles of the limb
  • distal and cranial muscles of the limb
  • proximal and caudal muscles of the limb

Question 33

Question
Select all that apply (4): A spinal nerve is composed of:
Answer
  • sensory/dorsal root
  • motor/ventral root
  • main trunk
  • peripheral branches
  • motor/dorsal root
  • sensory/ventral root

Question 34

Question
The sympathetic nervous system forms a sympathetic chain in the [blank_start]Thoracolumbar[blank_end] region where the parasympathetic nervous system is located in the [blank_start]craniosacral[blank_end] region
Answer
  • craniosacral
  • thoracolumbar
  • craniosacral
  • thoracolumbar

Question 35

Question
Which of the cranial nerves are apart of the autonomic/parasympathetic system (4)?
Answer
  • oculomotor (3)
  • trochlear (4)
  • trigeminal (5)
  • abducens (6)
  • facial (7)
  • glossopharyngeal (9)
  • accessory (11)
  • vagus (10)
  • vestibulocochlear (8)
  • olfactory (1)

Question 36

Question
What nerves are associated with the dorsal roots? (2)
Answer
  • somatic sensory neurons
  • visceral sensory neurons
  • somatic motor neurons
  • visceral motor neurons

Question 37

Question
What are pyramids?
Answer
  • motor cortices that control voluntary and involuntary movements
  • a pair of descending motor tracts on the ventral medulla
  • neuron fibers that originate in the brainstem
  • sensory and motor fibers specific for posture and fine tone movement

Question 38

Question
Which primary cortical sensory area responds to sound?
Answer
  • somatosensory
  • visual
  • auditory
  • vestibular
  • olfactory

Question 39

Question
What types of fibers are located in the intermediate horn?
Answer
  • mixed sensory and motor
  • sensory only
  • motor only
  • somatosensory
  • autonomic
  • visceral sensory only
  • visceral motor only
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