Question 1
Question
Basic Facts
(What - Name - Housing)
Birth - [blank_start]Piglet[blank_end] - [blank_start]Farrowing Area[blank_end]
Weaning - [blank_start]Weaner[blank_end] - [blank_start]Weaner Deck[blank_end]
Transfer - [blank_start]Grower/Finisher[blank_end] - [blank_start]Growing Shed[blank_end]
Slaughter - [blank_start]Baconer/Porker[blank_end] - Growing Shed
Breeding Selection - [blank_start]Gilt[blank_end] - [blank_start]Gilt Ranges[blank_end]
Lactaion - [blank_start]Sow[blank_end] - Farrowing Area
Weaning - Sow - [blank_start]Mating Area[blank_end]
Answer
-
Piglet
-
Farrowing Area
-
Weaner
-
Weaner Deck
-
Grower/Finisher
-
Growing Shed
-
Baconer/Porker
-
Gilt
-
Gilt Ranges
-
Sow
-
Mating Area
Question 2
Question
Efficiency
Feed to Meat Ratio - [blank_start]How many kg of feed = 1 kg of carcass?[blank_end]
= Total [blank_start]Feed Used / Total Carcass Weight Sold[blank_end]
Feed to Meat Price Ratio - [blank_start]How much profit is made?[blank_end]
= [blank_start]$/kg Carcass / $/kg Feed[blank_end]
Question 3
Question
Factors Affecting Profitability
1. [blank_start]Cost of Feed[blank_end]
2. [blank_start]Price Schedule[blank_end]
3. [blank_start]Reproduction Performance[blank_end]
4. [blank_start]Growth Performance[blank_end]
Answer
-
Cost of Feed
-
Price Schedule
-
Reproduction Performance
-
Growth Performance
Question 4
Question
Pig Breeds used to produce slaughter generation:
[blank_start]Large White[blank_end]
[blank_start]Landrace[blank_end]
[blank_start]Duroc[blank_end]
[blank_start]Hampshire[blank_end]
[blank_start]Pietrain[blank_end]
Answer
-
Pietrain
-
Hampshire
-
Duroc
-
Landrace
-
Large White
Question 5
Question
Weekly Events
Farrowing - [blank_start]Weds, Thurs, Fri[blank_end]
Weaning - [blank_start]Thurs[blank_end]
Mating - [blank_start]Mon/Tues/Weds[blank_end]
Abbatoir - [blank_start]Tues[blank_end]
Answer
-
Weds, Thurs, Fri
-
Mon, Tues, Weds
-
Thurs, Fri, Sat
-
Thurs
-
Fri
-
Weds
-
Mon/Tues/Weds
-
Weds/Thurs/Fri
-
Fri/Sat/Sun
-
Tues
-
Mon
-
Weds
Question 6
Question
Sow Reproduction
Puberty @ [blank_start]6 months[blank_end]
Oestrus cycle = [blank_start]21 days[blank_end]
Mated [blank_start]2-3x per year[blank_end]
Gestation = [blank_start]3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days[blank_end]
Lactation = [blank_start]28 days[blank_end]
Weaning to Mating again = [blank_start]7 days[blank_end]
Piglets per litter = [blank_start]10-14[blank_end]
Mortality before weaning = [blank_start]10%[blank_end]
Mortality after weaning = [blank_start]3%[blank_end]
Question 7
Question
Boar Reproduction
Effect on [blank_start]oestrus[blank_end] in sows and gilts
Services per week = [blank_start]2-3[blank_end]
Natural mating = [blank_start]1 Boar to 15-20 Sows[blank_end]
Artificial Insemination = [blank_start]1 Boar to 45-60 Sows[blank_end]
Answer
-
oestrus
-
2-3
-
1 Boar to 15-20 Sows
-
1 Boar to 45-60 Sows
Question 8
Question
Farrowing Systems
Domestic Sows produce [blank_start]large[blank_end] litters
System Achievements:
Decrease [blank_start]pre-weaning mortality[blank_end]
High [blank_start]levels of hygiene to prevent disease[blank_end]
Easier [blank_start]piglet management[blank_end]
Separation of [blank_start]Sows during lactation[blank_end]
Safe and easy [blank_start]access by staff[blank_end]
Cant be in crate...
[blank_start]>5 days[blank_end] before farrowing
[blank_start]>4 weeks[blank_end] for lactation
[blank_start]Without material that can be manipulated[blank_end]
Question 9
Question
Mortality
Adaption Problem: Piglets transitioned from a [blank_start]protected, controlled, intra-uterine[blank_end] environment to [blank_start]unpredictable external environment[blank_end]
Approx. [blank_start]70%[blank_end] of mortality occurs in the first [blank_start]3 days[blank_end]
- [blank_start]Asphyxiation at birth[blank_end]
- must overcome [blank_start]respiratory, immunological, digestive,[blank_end] [blank_start]nutritional and thermoregulatory[blank_end] challenges
[blank_start]12%[blank_end] mortality indoor with crates - [blank_start]18%[blank_end] outdoors
Main causes:
- [blank_start]stillbirth/poor viability[blank_end]
- [blank_start]starvation[blank_end]
- [blank_start]accidental crushing[blank_end]
Piglet deficiencies
- low [blank_start]energy reserves[blank_end]
- immature [blank_start]immune system[blank_end]
- limited [blank_start]ability to conserve heat[blank_end]
Answer
-
protected, controlled, intra-uterine
-
unpredictable external environment
-
70%
-
3 days
-
Asphyxiation at birth
-
respiratory, immunological, digestive,
-
nutritional and thermoregulatory
-
12%
-
18%
-
stillbirth/poor viability
-
starvation
-
accidental crushing
-
energy reserves
-
immune system
-
ability to conserve heat
Question 10
Question
High and Low Viability Survival Characteristics
High:
- [blank_start]heavier @ birth >1kg[blank_end]
- born [blank_start]earlier in litter[blank_end]
- higher [blank_start]rectal temp 1hr post birth[blank_end]
- more frequently [blank_start]attempting to stand and walk[blank_end]
- rapidly [blank_start]find udder and suckle colostrum[blank_end]
Low:
- [blank_start]low birth weight <1kg[blank_end]
- born [blank_start]later in litter[blank_end]
- longer [blank_start]birth interval bt/w piglets[blank_end]
- born [blank_start]weak[blank_end]
- take [blank_start]longer to make udder contact[blank_end]
- born with [blank_start]a damaged/ruptured umbilical cord[blank_end]
Answer
-
heavier @ birth >1kg
-
earlier in litter
-
low birth weight <1kg
-
later in litter
-
birth interval bt/w piglets
-
rectal temp 1hr post birth
-
weak
-
longer to make udder contact
-
a damaged/ruptured umbilical cord
-
attempting to stand and walk
-
find udder and suckle colostrum
Question 11
Question
Piglet Husbandry Procedures
1. Teeth [blank_start]Reduction[blank_end]
- clipping or grinding [blank_start]@ <5 days old[blank_end]
- removes [blank_start]sharp points on needle teeth[blank_end]
- prevents [blank_start]facial injuries to litter mates[blank_end] and [blank_start]damage to teat and udder[blank_end]
2. Tail [blank_start]Docking[blank_end]
- prevent [blank_start]tail biting (Vice)[blank_end]
- must be [blank_start]performed by vet if 7+ days old[blank_end]
3. Fostering & Equalising [blank_start]litter size[blank_end]
- adjust [blank_start]# piglets suckling[blank_end] to [blank_start]functional teat number[blank_end]
- group [blank_start]even sized piglets together[blank_end]
Answer
-
@ <5 days old
-
sharp points on needle teeth
-
facial injuries to litter mates
-
damage to teat and udder
-
tail biting (Vice)
-
performed by vet if 7+ days old
-
# piglets suckling
-
functional teat number
-
even sized piglets together
-
Reduction
-
Docking
-
litter size