Question 1
Question
Scientific investigation of how people’s thoughts, feelings and behaviour are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of others.
Answer
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Experimental Method (p. 679)
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Psychology (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 5)
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Social Psychology (p. 4)
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Field experiment (p. 12)
Question 2
Question
A set of interrelated concepts and principles that explain a phenomenon.
Question 3
Question
Any phenomenon that can differ or vary from one situation to another or one person to another.
Question 4
Question
Empirically testable predictions about what co-occurs with what, or what causes what.
Answer
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Theory (p. 4)
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Hypotheses (p. 8)
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Idea
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Explanation
Question 5
Question
A representative group of participants selected from the population under examination.
Answer
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Population (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 69)
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Sample (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 69)
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Control Group (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 79)
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Experimental Group (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 79)
Question 6
Question
When two or more independent variables covary in such a way that is impossible to know which has caused the effect.
Question 7
Question
When statistics reveal that the effect, or a larger effect, is unlikely to occur by chance more often that 1 in 20 times.
Answer
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Internal Validity (p. 12)
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External Validity (p. 12)
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Statistical Significance (p. 15)
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Correlation (p. 13)
Question 8
Question
Intentional manipulation of independent variables to investigate effects on one or more dependent variable/s.
Answer
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Field Experiment (p. 12)
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Experimental Method (p. 679)
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Random Allocation (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 80)
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Double-Blind Procedure (p. 12)
Question 9
Question
Features of a situation that change of their own accord or can be manipulated by an experimenter to have effects on a measurable variable.
Answer
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Experimental Variable
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Dependent Variable (p. 10)
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Independent Variable (p. 9)
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Experimenter Effects (p. 12)
Question 10
Question
Measurable variable/s that change resulting from changes in the manipulated variable.
Answer
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Experimenter Effects (p. 12)
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Independent Variable (p. 9)
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Dependent Variable (p. 10)
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Subject Effects (p. 12)
Question 11
Question
Similarity between circumstances surrounding an experiment and circumstances in everyday life.
Answer
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Internal Validity (p. 12)
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External Validity (p. 12)
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Statistical Significance (p. 15)
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Case Study (p. 13)
Question 12
Question
Validity of the design itself.
Answer
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External Validity (p. 12)
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Internal Validity (p. 12)
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Correlation (p. 13)
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Statistical Significance (p. 15)
Question 13
Question
A larger group to whom research findings should be applicable.
Answer
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Sample (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 69)
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Population (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 69)
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Experimental Group (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 79)
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Control Group (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 79)
Question 14
Question
Recruitment of participants selected from the population in a relatively arbitrary manner.
Answer
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Random Sampling (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 88)
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Random Allocation (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 80)
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Double-Blind Procedure (p. 12)
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Sample (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 69)
Question 15
Question
Assigning participants to each of the experimental conditions in a relatively arbitrary manner.
Answer
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Double-Blind Procedure (p. 12)
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Random Allocation (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 80)
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Random Grouping
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Experimental Group (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 79)
Question 16
Question
Group of participants in an experiment who are exposed to the independent variable under examination.
Answer
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Control Group (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 79)
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Experimental Group (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 79)
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Sample (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 69)
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Test Subjects
Question 17
Question
Group of participants in an experiment who receive a relatively neutral condition to serve as a comparison group.
Answer
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Experimental Group (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 79)
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Control Group (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 79)
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Placebo Group
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Sample (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 69)
Question 18
Question
Effects that are not spontaneous, owing to demand characteristics and/or participants wishing to please the experimenter.
Answer
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Demand Characteristics (p. 12)
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Subject Effects (p. 12)
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Experimenter Effects (p. 12)
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Confounding (and confounding variable; p. 10)
Question 19
Question
Features of an experiment that seem to expect a certain response.
Question 20
Question
Effects produced or influenced by clues to the hypotheses under examination, inadvertently communicated by the experimenter.
Question 21
Question
Procedure to reduce experimenter effects, in which the experimenter is unaware of the experimental conditions.
Answer
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Double-Blind Procedure (p. 12)
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Respect for Privacy (p. 19)
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Use of Deception (p. 19)
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Experimenter Effects (p. 12)
Question 22
Question
Method that does not involve the manipulation of independent variables against a background of random assignment to condition.
Answer
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Field Experiment (p. 12)
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Laboratory Experiment (p. 11)
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Non-Experimental Method (p. 12)
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Experimental Method (p. 679)
Question 23
Question
Where changes in one variable reliably map onto changes in another variable, but it cannot be determined which of the two variables caused the change (or whether a third variable causes an interaction effect).
Question 24
Question
Non-experimental method involving the assembly of data, or reports of data, collected by others.
Answer
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Case Study (p. 13)
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Archival Research (p. 13)
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Field Experiment (p. 12)
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Random Sampling (Burton, Weston and Kowalski, 2019, p. 88)
Question 25
Question
In-depth analysis of a single case (or individual).
Question 26
Question
Ensuring participants are not exposed to physical harm.
Question 27
Question
Ensuring that data obtained from individuals are entirely confidential.
Question 28
Question
Hiding the true nature of the experiment until data is collected.
Question 29
Question
A way to safeguard participants’ rights in experiments.
Question 30
Question
Detailed explanation of the experiment and its broader theoretical and applied context.
Answer
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Theory (p. 4)
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Hypotheses (p. 8)
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Use of Deception (p. 19)
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Informed Consent (p. 19)
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Debriefing (p. 20)