Question 1
Question
Grooming involves
Answer
-
the development of alliances between females only.
-
the development of alliances between males only.
-
bonding between individuals of the same rank, picking through the skin and hair of another individual.
-
bonding between two members of a social group, calming or appeasing the primate being groomed if he or she has a higher dominance.
Question 2
Question
Male reproductive strategies emphasize
Answer
-
competition between males for access to reproductive-age females.
-
avoiding risk-taking behavior.
-
avoiding violence against competitors for female access.
-
engaging in care of young.
Question 3
Question
Monogamous behavior is characteristic of which of these primate species?
Answer
-
baboon
-
gibbon
-
orangutan
-
chimpanzee
Question 4
Question
Vocalization in chimp groups
Answer
-
occurs only to communicate a food source.
-
exists only among those high up in the dominance hierarchy.
-
sounds like howls and growls.
-
is unique to specific groups or regions.
Question 5
Question
Sexual dimorphism
Answer
-
relates to sexual courtship rituals in primates.
-
is the study of sexual intercourse between primates.
-
tends to be lower than in groups where males disperse and compete with unrelated males.
-
determines male and female social hierarchy.
Question 6
Question
Anthropologist Karen Strier estimated that in primates, foraging takes up about
Answer
-
10% of waking hours, because primates are so efficient.
-
90% of waking hours, because primates eat such low-quality food.
-
50% or more of waking hours.
-
25% of waking hours.
Question 7
Question
The study of primate vocal communication
Answer
-
has been used to understand the language evolution of all primates.
-
has resulted in chimps and gorillas demonstrating an ability to speak.
-
can give us insights into the selective pressures that may have shaped the evolution of language.
-
demonstrates that gossip is not exclusively human.
Question 8
Question
Kin selection refers to
Answer
-
nonaltruistic behavior toward other members of the kin group.
-
altruistic behavior that increases the donor’s inclusive fitness.
-
altruistic behavior that promotes kin-like bonding among nonkin.
-
behavior that increases only the donor’s fitness.
Question 9
Question
Polyandrous residence patterns represent
Answer
-
a social grouping that includes multiple adult males and females.
-
one of the most common patterns in prosimians and Old World monkeys.
-
a social grouping in which males cooperate in parenting activities.
-
a social grouping that includes one male and multiple females.
Question 10
Question
How do primates acquire food?
Answer
-
through cooperation among kin groups, mostly by hunting
-
through a wide variety of food-foraging strategies
-
through a limited set of highly specialized foraging strategies
-
through the use of highly developed material culture
Question 11
Question
In primates, males and females primarily differ in
Answer
-
body and canine size
-
mode of locomotion
-
tool use
-
color
Question 12
Question
How do male and female primates differ in reproductive strategies?
Answer
-
Males and females of the same species usually have different residence patterns
-
males compete for mates, while females compete for resources
-
some males are part of dominance hierarchies, but females never are
-
females typically commit infanticide when a new male enters the group
Question 13
Question
a primate's feeding success would be increased by
Answer
-
consuming large quantities of low quality foods
-
living in a geographic region with widely distributed food sources
-
consuming a single type of food
-
memorizing locations and seasonal availability of food patches
Question 14
Question
which statement is false regarding chimpanzee material culture?
Answer
-
chimpanzees use tools in the wild
-
chimpanzee tool use in the wild can be highly specific to a group
-
chimpanzees can learn tool use from humans
-
chimpanzees depends on tools to survive
Question 15
Question
Which feature of communication is found only in humans?
Answer
-
different vocalizations that refer to specific events or objects
-
modifying vocalizations based on life experience
-
using gestures or symbols
-
physical ability to produce speech
Question 16
Question
primate societies and social behavior are special because they are highly diverse
Question 17
Question
Primate communication CANNOT be compared to human communication in that:
for at least some Old World Monkeys and apes, communication seems to be very context dependent, and specific sounds can have different meanings by making small changes; this is like human language
Question 18
Question
Many primate societies are complex and involve their members forming alliances that are formed by sharing food with each other
Question 19
Question
Altruistic behavior is that which benefits others while causing a disadvantage to the individual
Question 20
Question
solitary residence pattern is a rare primate residence pattern found only in orangutans and a fellow strepsirhines
Question 21
Question
Sexual Dimorphism does NOT concern differences in traits such as body size and canine size
Question 22
Question
Availability of food for primates can be highly variable, depending on season and rainfall