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NCE

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Quiz on NCE, created by Stephanie Walker on 05/12/2019.
Stephanie Walker
Quiz by Stephanie Walker , updated more than 1 year ago
Stephanie Walker
Created by Stephanie Walker almost 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
[blank_start]Idiographic[blank_end] theories are concerned with individuals; [blank_start]nomothetic[blank_end] approaches are concerned with large numbers of people.
Answer
  • Idiographic
  • Nomothetic
  • nomothetic
  • idiographic

Question 2

Question
Of Piaget's stages, which one is the first?
Answer
  • Sensorimotor
  • Preoperational
  • Concrete operational
  • Formal operational

Question 3

Question
This indicates the percentage of individuals who answered a test item correctly.
Answer
  • Discrimination index
  • Difficulty index
  • Confidence interval

Question 4

Question
[blank_start]Ipsative[blank_end] measures compare traits within the same individual, and do not compare a person to other persons who took the instrument.
Answer
  • Ipsative
  • Normative

Question 5

Question
A/An [blank_start]normative[blank_end] interpretation is one in which the individual's score is evaluated by comparing it to others who took the same test.
Answer
  • normative
  • ipsative

Question 6

Question
In constructing a test, experts nearly always consider this to be most important:
Answer
  • reliability
  • validity
  • reliability and validity are equally important

Question 7

Question
A reliable test is always valid.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 8

Question
A valid test is always reliable.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
Reliability coefficients are variance estimates, meaning that the coefficient denotes the amount of true score variance.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 10

Question
Reliability coefficients in the [blank_start]0.80s[blank_end] are desirable for screening tests.
Answer
  • 0.80s
  • 0.70s
  • 0.90s

Question 11

Question
This individual believed that intelligence is primarily genetic and a "unitary" factor.
Answer
  • Charles Spearman
  • Francis Galton
  • J.P. Guilford

Question 12

Question
What are the mean and standard deviation for the WAIS-IV?
Answer
  • 10; 3
  • 100; 15
  • 115; 10
  • 100; 10

Question 13

Question
Interest inventories work best with individuals of high school age or above because:
Answer
  • interests are becoming more stable
  • interests are becoming less stable

Question 14

Question
A [blank_start]low[blank_end] standard error of measurement (SEM) means high reliability.
Answer
  • low
  • high

Question 15

Question
The SEM tells us the variance around a particular score for an individual.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
[blank_start]Increasing[blank_end] a test's length raises reliability.
Answer
  • Increasing
  • Decreasing

Question 17

Question
How many stages encompass Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory of development?
Answer
  • 6
  • 5
  • 4
  • 8

Question 18

Question
In Freudian theory, the id operates on the [blank_start]pleasure[blank_end] principle, and the ego operates on the [blank_start]reality[blank_end] principle.
Answer
  • pleasure
  • reality
  • reality
  • pleasure

Question 19

Question
The superego, or ego ideal, attempts to balance the id and ego.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
According to Freud, a dream's surface meaning is referred to as the [blank_start]manifest[blank_end] content, and a dream's hidden meaning is referred to as the [blank_start]latent[blank_end] content.
Answer
  • manifest
  • latent
  • latent
  • manifest

Question 21

Question
The most important concept in Freud's theory is the unconscious mind.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
The [blank_start]conscious[blank_end] mind is aware of the immediate environment; the [blank_start]preconscious[blank_end] mind can bring ideas, images, and thoughts into awareness with little difficulty; and the [blank_start]unconscious[blank_end] contains material which is unknown or hidden from the client.
Answer
  • conscious
  • preconscious
  • unconscious
  • preconscious
  • conscious
  • unconscious
  • unconscious
  • conscious
  • preconscious

Question 23

Question
In this type of thinking, things are conceptualized as good or bad, right or wrong:
Answer
  • Relativistic
  • Dualistic
  • Individualistic
  • Collectivist

Question 24

Question
The correct order of Jean Piaget's developmental stages are as follows: [blank_start]sensorimotor[blank_end], [blank_start]preoperations[blank_end], [blank_start]concrete operations[blank_end], and [blank_start]formal operations[blank_end].
Answer
  • sensorimotor
  • preoperations
  • concrete operations
  • formal operations
  • preoperations
  • sensorimotor
  • concrete operations
  • formal operations
  • concrete operations
  • formal operations
  • formal operations
  • concrete operations

Question 25

Question
This individual created the first intelligence test:
Answer
  • David Wechsler
  • Alfred Binet
  • Charles Spearman
  • Sir Francis Galton

Question 26

Question
[blank_start]Plasticity[blank_end] means the capacity to change.
Answer
  • Plasticity

Question 27

Question
Lev Vygotsky's theory of development emphasized the role that culture and social interaction guide cognitive development.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 28

Question
Which of Yalom's therapeutic factors can be best described as occurring when group members learn how they come across to others and what others think of them?
Answer
  • Self-understanding
  • Identification
  • Interpersonal learning input
  • Interpersonal learning output

Question 29

Question
This can be described as the expression of both positive and negative feelings:
Answer
  • Family reenactment
  • Catharsis
  • Identification
  • Self-understanding

Question 30

Question
You suggested that your client, Rob, join a group for young fathers. He reports to you that after attending a couple sessions, he feels a sense of belonging to the group and feels understood and accepted by the other members. Which of Yalom's therapeutic factors is being described?
Answer
  • Universality
  • Identification
  • Instillation of hope
  • Group cohesiveness

Question 31

Question
This type of test compares a person's test score to a predetermined standard or level of performance:
Answer
  • Norm-referenced
  • Criterion-referenced
  • Portfolio assessment
  • Environmental assessment

Question 32

Question
Multiple-choice and true/false questions would appear on this type of test:
Answer
  • Objective
  • Subjective

Question 33

Question
Which of the following is *not* a measure of central tendency?
Answer
  • Mean
  • Median
  • Mode
  • Standard deviation

Question 34

Question
Which measure of central tendency can be found by summing all the values in the group, then dividing that sum by the number of values in the group (indicated by the equation M = ΣX/N)?
Answer
  • Mode
  • Median
  • Mean
  • None of these

Question 35

Question
Approximately what percentage of scores is expected to fall between -1 and +1 standard deviations on the normal curve?
Answer
  • 68%
  • 95%
  • 34%
  • 99%

Question 36

Question
An [blank_start]aptitude[blank_end] test is a test that predicts a person's capacity to perform some skill or task in the future; an [blank_start]achievement[blank_end] test is a test that measures knowledge a person has acquired through instruction or training up to a certain point in his or her academic career.
Answer
  • aptitude
  • achievement
  • achievement
  • aptitude

Question 37

Question
This type of scale simply classifies data into non-ordered, mutually exclusive categories; numbers stand for names or categories:
Answer
  • Nominal
  • Ordinal
  • Interval
  • Ratio

Question 38

Question
A higher standard deviation indicates less variability in scores.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 39

Question
This measure of variability is found by calculating the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution:
Answer
  • Range
  • Standard deviation
  • Median
  • Mean

Question 40

Question
This type of test tests for a significant difference between three or more groups:
Answer
  • ANOVA
  • t-test
  • Pearson's r
  • t-score

Question 41

Question
If you [blank_start]accept[blank_end] the null hypothesis, you are taking the position that there is no significant difference between groups in an experiment.
Answer
  • accept
  • reject

Question 42

Question
In which of Piaget's stages would a child master the concept of conservation?
Answer
  • Sensorimotor
  • Preoperations
  • Concrete operations
  • Formal operations

Question 43

Question
Kohlberg's theory of moral development has [blank_start]3[blank_end] levels, with each broken down further into [blank_start]2[blank_end] stages.
Answer
  • 3
  • 2

Question 44

Question
"RS" in the counseling field is shorthand for:
Answer
  • race and spirituality
  • realistic/social, a 2-digit Holland code
  • religious and spiritual
  • race and socioeconomic status

Question 45

Question
You are out mowing your lawn one Saturday afternoon when your neighbor, Evan, strikes up a conversation with you in which he says, "I know my daughter is only being good today because she knows she will get ice cream later." Given this information, you can surmise that his daughter is in what stage of moral development, according to Kohlberg?
Answer
  • Preconventional
  • Conventional
  • Postconventional
  • Preoperational

Question 46

Question
In Kohlberg's highest level of morality, postconventional morality, the individual is primarily concerned with conforming to the roles in society and living up to the expectations of society.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 47

Question
In a research experiment, this variable has the potential to affect the dependent variable, but the researcher is aware of it beforehand:
Answer
  • control variable
  • extraneous variable
  • moderator variable

Question 48

Question
A p value of .05 means that there is a 95% chance that the null hypothesis is false. Another way of stating this is:
Answer
  • It is likely that there is a significant difference between groups
  • It is likely that there is *no* significant difference between groups

Question 49

Question
Which measure of central tendency is defined as the exact midpoint of a distribution?
Answer
  • Mode
  • Median
  • Mean
  • Range

Question 50

Question
Which measure of central tendency is defined as the most frequently occurring value?
Answer
  • Mean
  • Median
  • Mode
  • Range

Question 51

Question
Which measure of central tendency would you want to use if you have extreme scores and do not want to distort the data?
Answer
  • Mode
  • Median
  • Mean

Question 52

Question
A z-score is the same thing as a standard score.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 53

Question
Individual changes, task changes, and a limited sample are examples of:
Answer
  • Systematic error
  • Unsystematic error

Question 54

Question
The average correlation among items within a test or scale is known as its internal [blank_start]consistency[blank_end].
Answer
  • consistency
  • validity

Question 55

Question
Based on statistical properties of the normal curve, about what percentage of scores fall in the interval from 2 standard deviations below the mean to 2 standard deviations above the mean?
Answer
  • 68
  • 95
  • 99
  • 34

Question 56

Question
[blank_start]Validity[blank_end] considers the degree to which test scores measure what the test claims to measure.
Answer
  • Validity
  • Reliability

Question 57

Question
This type of validity is derived from the obvious appearance of the measure itself and its test items:
Answer
  • Face
  • Construct
  • Concurrent
  • Predictive

Question 58

Question
This statistic denotes the relationship between predictor and criterion measures:
Answer
  • Standard error of measurement
  • Standard error of the estimate
  • Standard deviation
  • Pearson's r

Question 59

Question
When a counselor is displaying [blank_start]congruence[blank_end], there is no conflict between their feelings and actions. There is a match between their internal state and external expression of that state.
Answer
  • congruence
  • genuineness
  • unconditional positive regard

Question 60

Question
The skill in [blank_start]unconditional positive regard[blank_end] is to maintain your attitude of valuing the client and expressing care and concern for them as a human being, even as they reveal undesirable behaviors.
Answer
  • unconditional positive regard
  • genuineness
  • congruence

Question 61

Question
The state of being authentic or truthful is known as [blank_start]genuineness[blank_end].
Answer
  • genuineness
  • congruence
  • unconditional positive regard

Question 62

Question
This refers to the ability to deeply sense a client's worldview as if it were your own:
Answer
  • Unconditional positive regard
  • Congruence
  • Accurate empathic understanding
  • Genuineness

Question 63

Question
This counseling skill involves acknowledging a client's positive behaviors, as well as helping them recognize their negative behaviors and develop alternative, more positive methods of feeling, thinking, and behaving:
Answer
  • Attending
  • Summarizing
  • Focusing
  • Feedback

Question 64

Question
Culturally [blank_start]homogeneous[blank_end] groups are ones that are similar on ethnic and cultural dimensions.
Answer
  • homogeneous
  • heterogeneous

Question 65

Question
The notion that group members benefit from helping one another is known as:
Answer
  • Altruism
  • Universality
  • Instillation of hope
  • Imparting of information

Question 66

Question
This theorist, who thought it important to focus on clients' birth orders and sibling relationships, also believed that one's interpretations of childhood experiences matters more than the actual events:
Answer
  • Carl Jung
  • Sigmund Freud
  • Alfred Adler
  • Erik Erikson

Question 67

Question
According to Adler, this is an imagined life goal that guides a person's behavior:
Answer
  • Lifestyle
  • Social interest
  • Anima or animus
  • Fictional finalism

Question 68

Question
According to existential theory, this type of anxiety is manifested as an appropriate response to an event, and can be used as a motivation to change:
Answer
  • existential
  • neurotic
  • normal
  • reality

Question 69

Question
B. F. Skinner is associated with [blank_start]operant[blank_end] conditioning.
Answer
  • operant
  • classical

Question 70

Question
Wolpe's systematic desensitization is based on the principles of [blank_start]classical[blank_end] conditioning.
Answer
  • classical
  • operant

Question 71

Question
Which Holland code is the rarest?
Answer
  • AC
  • SR
  • IE
  • ES

Question 72

Question
When a distribution is positively skewed, the tail is pointing to the:
Answer
  • left
  • right

Question 73

Question
If a distribution is positively skewed, then one could assume that many scores are above average and it may have been an easy exam.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 74

Question
In a positively skewed distribution, the tail points to the left.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 75

Question
When a distribution is negatively skewed, the tail is pointing to the:
Answer
  • left
  • right

Question 76

Question
If a distribution is negatively skewed, then one could assume that many scores are below the average and it may have been a difficult exam.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 77

Question
In a negatively skewed distribution, the tail points to the right.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 78

Question
With z-scores, positive/negative signs are not very important.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 79

Question
What are the mean and standard deviation for t-scores?
Answer
  • 50; 10
  • 500; 100
  • 100; 15
  • 10; 3

Question 80

Question
What are the mean and standard deviation for Deviation IQ?
Answer
  • 100; 15
  • 50; 10
  • 500; 100
  • 10; 3

Question 81

Question
[blank_start]Kurtosis[blank_end] is the degree of peakedness in a distribution.
Answer
  • Kurtosis

Question 82

Question
Which type of kurtosis has an arrangement of values that follow a bell or normal curve?
Answer
  • Leptokurtic
  • Mesokurtic
  • Platykurtic

Question 83

Question
In this type of kurtosis, the majority of scores are clustered around a value at the midpoint, and a few extreme scores tapering off on either side:
Answer
  • Platykurtic
  • Leptokurtic
  • Mesokurtic

Question 84

Question
Which type of kurtosis has more scores at the extremes and fewer in the center?
Answer
  • Mesokurtic
  • Leptokurtic
  • Platykurtic

Question 85

Question
In this type of kurtosis, more scores are in the center of the distribution, with fewer at either extreme:
Answer
  • Mesokurtic
  • Platykurtic
  • Leptokurtic

Question 86

Question
The term 'assessment' can be used synonymously with 'appraisal.'
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 87

Question
This is a quantity of some construct or concept, such as anxiety or math skill:
Answer
  • Test
  • Measure
  • Appraisal
  • Standardization

Question 88

Question
A [blank_start]psychological test[blank_end] is a standardized procedure for sampling behavior and describing it with categories or scores, then compared to norms.
Answer
  • psychological test
  • measure
  • behavioral observation

Question 89

Question
[blank_start]Standardization[blank_end] is the systematic collection and analysis of data.
Answer
  • Standardization
  • Assessment
  • Appraisal

Question 90

Question
With objective tests, there is a very low likelihood of examiners independently agreeing on a client's score on a given sample of behavior.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 91

Question
Screening and assessment are synonymous with one another.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 92

Question
In testing, this occurs when items are not sufficiently difficult and cannot accurately measure high performers:
Answer
  • ceiling effect
  • floor effect
  • item discrimination
  • item difficulty

Question 93

Question
Of the Wechsler tests, a counselor would likely administer this one to an individual of middle-school age:
Answer
  • WAIS-IV
  • WISC-IV
  • WPPSI-III

Question 94

Question
Of the Wechsler tests, a counselor would likely administer this one to an individual who is of "traditional" college-age:
Answer
  • WISC-IV
  • WPPSI-III
  • WAIS-IV

Question 95

Question
Of the Wechsler tests, a counselor would likely administer this one to a preschool-age child:
Answer
  • WAIS-IV
  • WPPSI-III
  • WISC-IV

Question 96

Question
What are the mean and standard deviation for subtests in the Wechsler intelligence tests?
Answer
  • 10; 3
  • 100; 15
  • 50; 10

Question 97

Question
What are the mean and standard deviation for the Wechsler intelligence tests?
Answer
  • 10; 3
  • 100; 10
  • 100; 15
  • 50; 10

Question 98

Question
You administered the WAIS-IV to your client, Ethan, and reported to him that he scored within -1 to +1 standard deviations from the mean. This would mean that his standardized score fell somewhere between:
Answer
  • 115-145
  • 90-105
  • 85-115
  • 100-115

Question 99

Question
Which psychologist proposed the concepts of fluid and crystallized intelligence?
Answer
  • Guilford
  • Cattell
  • Wechsler
  • Gardner

Question 100

Question
[blank_start]Fluid[blank_end] intelligence can be defined as the ability to reason and think flexibly, and is considered independent of education of experience; [blank_start]crystallized[blank_end] intelligence can be defined as the accumulation of knowledge, facts, and skills that are acquired through life and are improved through learning.
Answer
  • Fluid
  • Crystallized
  • crystallized
  • fluid

Question 101

Question
[blank_start]Crystallized[blank_end] intelligence increases as we age; [blank_start]fluid[blank_end] intelligence drops off as we age.
Answer
  • Crystallized
  • Fluid
  • fluid
  • crystallized

Question 102

Question
Fluid intelligence increases with age.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 103

Question
A method of assessing the best performance of which an examinee is capable is known as a:
Answer
  • Performance assessment
  • Direct behavioral assessment
  • Maximum performance measurement
  • Typical performance measurement

Question 104

Question
A type of behavioral observation in which the counselor documents in narrative format what was observed is known as a/an:
Answer
  • Indirect observation
  • Anecdotal observation
  • Environmental assessment
  • Direct behavioral assessment

Question 105

Question
Pearson's r, regression, and ANOVA are examples of:
Answer
  • nonparametric statistics
  • parametric statistics
  • none of these

Question 106

Question
Nonparametric statistics rely on the normal curve and the assumption of normality.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 107

Question
The amount of variance that is accounted for in one variable by the other variable is known as the:
Answer
  • Pearson product-moment correlation (Pearson's r)
  • Coefficient of alienation
  • Coefficient of determination
  • Spearman's correlation

Question 108

Question
A potential issue in doing data collection through observation of behavior, the counselor may unintentionally change the definition of the behavior and lose objectivity. This is known as:
Answer
  • observer bias
  • observer drift
  • Halo effect
  • Hawthorne effect

Question 109

Question
The [blank_start]central tendency error[blank_end] is the propensity to respond with moderate or centrist descriptions rather than using descriptions that lean toward the extremes of a rating scale.
Answer
  • central tendency error
  • central limit theorem
  • respondent error
  • standard error of measurement

Question 110

Question
Which of Yalom's therapeutic factors is described as being related to themes such as responsibility, death, freedom, isolation, and purpose?
Answer
  • Altruism
  • Catharsis
  • Existential factors
  • Imparting of information

Question 111

Question
In the context of group therapy, this occurs when group members realize that other members experience similar thoughts, feelings, and issues:
Answer
  • Group cohesiveness
  • Universality
  • Identification
  • Interpersonal learning output

Question 112

Question
The process through which group members are enabled to free themselves from old roles and test new behaviors is known as:
Answer
  • family reenactment
  • interpersonal learning input
  • interpersonal learning output
  • self-understanding

Question 113

Question
When the group leader or other member(s) pass on beneficial information regarding the problem and/or solution to other members, this is known as:
Answer
  • interpersonal learning input
  • interpersonal learning output
  • imparting of information
  • altruism

Question 114

Question
When group members feel more trustful of groups and learn how to relate to other members, [blank_start]interpersonal learning output[blank_end] has occurred.
Answer
  • interpersonal learning output
  • interpersonal learning input
  • identification
  • group cohesiveness

Question 115

Question
You referred your client, Jules, to a group for women struggling with postpartum depression. After a few group sessions, she says to you that she has observed improvement in others who have similar problems, and believe that she will also improve with the group's help. Which of Yalom's therapeutic factors is at work?
Answer
  • interpersonal learning input
  • interpersonal learning output
  • identification
  • instillation of hope

Question 116

Question
This occurs when group members discover and accept previously unknown or unacceptable parts of themselves:
Answer
  • interpersonal learning input
  • interpersonal learning output
  • self-understanding
  • identification

Question 117

Question
Your client, Jules, reports to you that she has noticed herself modeling certain behaviors that she sees in other members. According to Yalom, this therapeutic factor has occurred:
Answer
  • identification
  • family reenactment
  • interpersonal learning input
  • interpersonal learning output

Question 118

Question
According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, most children operate at the [blank_start]preconventional[blank_end] level, and most adolescents operate at the [blank_start]conventional[blank_end] level.
Answer
  • preconventional
  • conventional
  • conventional
  • post-conventional

Question 119

Question
Which theorist put forth an Identity Status theory of social development, which categorizes four main points or stations along the continuum of identity development?
Answer
  • Erikson
  • Havighurst
  • Marcia
  • Piaget

Question 120

Question
Your adolescent client has struggled to make any real progress in deciding an occupation or ideology of her own. She seems to be "floating" through her life. According to Marcia's theory of identity status, she would be in this state:
Answer
  • Foreclosure
  • Diffusion
  • Moratorium
  • Achievement

Question 121

Question
Another of your adolescent clients seems to have "blindly" accepted the ideology / value system of their family, without doing his own exploration to determine what's important to him. According to Marcia's theory of identity status, he would be in this state:
Answer
  • Diffusion
  • Foreclosure
  • Moratorium
  • Achievement

Question 122

Question
One of your adolescent clients seems to have reached a state of clarity regarding her identity, and has committed to her own set of autonomously made values and goals. According to Marcia's theory of identity status, she would be in this state:
Answer
  • Moratorium
  • Achievement
  • Diffusion
  • Foreclosure

Question 123

Question
Another of your adolescent clients has made little to no commitment to an ideology or occupation, but he is also experimenting with many different values, beliefs, and goals. According to Marcia's theory of identity status, he would be in this state:
Answer
  • Achievement
  • Diffusion
  • Foreclosure
  • Moratorium

Question 124

Question
Regarding Marcia's theory, identity foreclosure is marked by a [blank_start]low[blank_end] level of exploration and a [blank_start]high[blank_end] level of commitment, whereas identity moratorium is marked by a [blank_start]high[blank_end] level of exploration and a [blank_start]low[blank_end] level of commitment.
Answer
  • low
  • high
  • high
  • low
  • high
  • low
  • low
  • high

Question 125

Question
Regarding Marcia's theory, identity diffusion is marked by a [blank_start]low[blank_end] level of exploration and a [blank_start]low[blank_end] level of commitment, whereas identity achievement is marked by a [blank_start]high[blank_end] level of exploration and a [blank_start]high[blank_end] level of commitment.
Answer
  • low
  • high
  • low
  • high
  • high
  • low
  • high
  • low

Question 126

Question
In an experimental research design, it is the [blank_start]independent[blank_end] variable that is being manipulated, and it is the [blank_start]dependent[blank_end] variable that is being studied.
Answer
  • independent
  • dependent
  • dependent
  • independent

Question 127

Question
Researchers wanted to study the effects of blood alcohol level on reaction time. In this experiment, blood alcohol level would be the [blank_start]independent[blank_end] variable, and reaction time would be the [blank_start]dependent[blank_end] variable.
Answer
  • independent
  • dependent
  • dependent
  • independent

Question 128

Question
Observational, case study, and survey methods are all examples of this type of research:
Answer
  • Descriptive
  • Experimental
  • Correlational
  • Quasi-experimental

Question 129

Question
Correlational research is synonymous with experimental research.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 130

Question
Approximately what percentage of scores is expected to fall between -2 and +2 standard deviations on the normal curve?
Answer
  • 96%
  • 68%
  • 50%
  • 84%

Question 131

Question
Approximately what percentage of scores is expected to fall between -1 and +1 standard deviations on the normal curve?
Answer
  • 96%
  • 99%
  • 68%
  • 34%

Question 132

Question
Which type of test is interpreted by comparing a respondent's score to the performance of a standardization group?
Answer
  • Criterion-referenced
  • Norm-referenced
  • Achievement test
  • Aptitude test

Question 133

Question
Which of the following best describes "standard deviation"?
Answer
  • the difference between the highest and lowest scores
  • the arithmetic average of a set of scores
  • the average amount that scores vary from the mean
  • a standard score

Question 134

Question
In the language of career counseling, this refers to the degree of relatedness within personality types or environmental models:
Answer
  • congruence
  • consistency
  • differentiation
  • identity

Question 135

Question
In the language of career counseling, this refers to the degree of fit between personality types and environmental models:
Answer
  • congruence
  • consistency
  • differentiation
  • identity
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