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psy test

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psy test
rlcacho
Quiz by rlcacho, updated more than 1 year ago
rlcacho
Created by rlcacho over 9 years ago
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Question 1

Question
what increases behavior by presenting positive reinforces? strengthens the response
Answer
  • positive reinforcement
  • negative reinforcement

Question 2

Question
positive reinforcement?
Answer
  • by presenting a pleasurable stimulus after a response.
  • strenghtens a response by reducing or removing something negative.

Question 3

Question
what increase behavior by stopping or reducing negative stimuli?
Answer
  • negative reinforcement. (not negative)
  • conditioned response
  • conditioned stimulus

Question 4

Question
what is learned response to a previous neutral stimulus?
Answer
  • conditioned response
  • conditioned stimulus
  • unconditional response
  • unconditional stimulus

Question 5

Question
what originally irrelevant stimulus that after association with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response.
Answer
  • conditioned stimulus
  • conditioned response
  • unconditional stimulus
  • unconditional response

Question 6

Question
what is an unlearned naturally occurring response?
Answer
  • unconditional response
  • unconditional stimulus
  • conditioned response
  • conditioned stimulus

Question 7

Question
What stimulus is that automatically triggers a response to a previous neutral stimulus?
Answer
  • unconditional stimulus
  • unconditional response
  • conditioned response
  • conditioned stimulus

Question 8

Question
what is the view that PSY should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes?
Answer
  • behaviorism
  • classical conditioning
  • neutral stimulus

Question 9

Question
when one learns to link 2 or more stimuli and anticipate events?
Answer
  • classical conditioning
  • neutral stimulus
  • behaviorism

Question 10

Question
When classical conditioning a stimulus that elicits no response before conditioning?
Answer
  • neutral stimulus
  • classical conditioning
  • behaviorism

Question 11

Question
we typically learn to repeat acts that bring rewards and to avoid acts that bring unwanted results?
Answer
  • operant conditioning
  • classical conditioning

Question 12

Question
we learned to expect and prepare for significant events such as food or pain?
Answer
  • classical conditioning
  • operant conditioning

Question 13

Question
When we learn new behaviors by observing events and by watching others?
Answer
  • cognitive learning
  • stimulus
  • adaptability

Question 14

Question
when any event or situation that evokes a response?
Answer
  • stimulus
  • cognitive learning
  • adaptability

Question 15

Question
What study of paranormal phenomena including ESP and psychokinesis?
Answer
  • porapsychology
  • adaptability
  • stimulus
  • cognitive learning

Question 16

Question
when capacity to learn new behaviors that help us cope with changing circumstances?
Answer
  • adaptability
  • porapsychology
  • stimulus
  • cognitive learning

Question 17

Question
body movement vestibular sense receptors?
Answer
  • hairlike receptors in the semi-circular canals and vestibular sacs.
  • extrasensory perception

Question 18

Question
controversial claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input; includes telepathy clairvoyance and precognition?
Answer
  • extrasensory perception (ESP)
  • hairlike receptors in the semi-circular canals and vestibular sacs.

Question 19

Question
what is body movement vistibular sense?
Answer
  • movement of fluids in the inner ear caused by head/body movement
  • rods and cones in the retina
  • kinesthetic sensors all over the body

Question 20

Question
vision receptors?
Answer
  • rods and cones in the retina
  • kinesthetic sensors all over the body
  • movement of fluids in the inner ear caused by head/body movement

Question 21

Question
what is body position kinesthesis receptors?
Answer
  • kinesthetic sensors all over the body
  • rods and cones in the retina
  • movement of fluids in the inner ear caused by head/body movement

Question 22

Question
what principle that one sense may influence another?
Answer
  • sensory interaction
  • embodied cognition
  • kinethesis

Question 23

Question
what psychological science, the influence of bodily sensations, gestures and other states on cognitive preferences and judgments?
Answer
  • embodied cognition
  • sensory interaction
  • kinethesis

Question 24

Question
the system for sensing the position and movement of individual body parts?
Answer
  • kinethesis
  • vestibular sense
  • sensory interaction

Question 25

Question
the sense of body movement and position, including the sense of balance?
Answer
  • vestibular sense
  • kinethesis
  • sensory interaction

Question 26

Question
spinal cord contains a neurological gate that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain?
Answer
  • gate control theory
  • frequency theory
  • place theory

Question 27

Question
what links the pitch we hear with the place where the cochleas membrane is stimulated?
Answer
  • place theory
  • frequency theory
  • gate control theory

Question 28

Question
rate of nerve impulses traveling up the auditory nerve matches the frequency of a tone, thus enabling us to sense its pitch?
Answer
  • frequency theory
  • gate control theory
  • place theory

Question 29

Question
device for converting sounds into electrical signals and stimulating the auditory nerve through electrode threaded into the cochlea?
Answer
  • cochlea implant
  • nerve deafness

Question 30

Question
when hearing loss caused by damage to the mechanical system that conducts sound waves to the cochlea?
Answer
  • conduction hearing loss
  • nerve deafness
  • cochlea implant

Question 31

Question
when hearing loss caused by damage to the cochleas receptor cells or to the auditory nerves?
Answer
  • nerve deafness/sensorineural hearing loss
  • cochlea implant
  • conduction hearing loss

Question 32

Question
a coiled bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear; sounds waves traveling through the cochlear fluid trigger nerve pulses?
Answer
  • cochlea
  • middle ear
  • inner ear

Question 33

Question
the chamber between the eardrum and cochlea containing 3 tiny bones?
Answer
  • middle ear
  • cochlea
  • inner ear

Question 34

Question
the number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time?
Answer
  • frequency
  • cochlea
  • middle ear

Question 35

Question
innermost part of the ear containing the cochlea semicircular canals and vestibular sacs?
Answer
  • inner ear
  • middle ear
  • cochlea

Question 36

Question
an illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent light blink on and off in quick succession?
Answer
  • phi phenomenom
  • perceptual adaptation
  • color constancy

Question 37

Question
in vision the ability to adjust to an artificially displaced or even innerted visual field?
Answer
  • perceptual adaptation
  • color constancy
  • phi phenomenon

Question 38

Question
perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color, even if changing illumination alters the wavelengths of reflected by the object?
Answer
  • color constancy
  • perceptual adaptation
  • phi phenomenon

Question 39

Question
depth cues, such as retina disparity that depends on the use of two eyes?
Answer
  • binocular cues
  • monocular cues
  • retinal disparity

Question 40

Question
depth cues, such as interposition and linear perspective available to either eye alone?
Answer
  • monocular cues
  • retinal disparity
  • binocular cues

Question 41

Question
a binocular cue for perceiving depth, by comparing images from the retinas in the two eyes the brain computes distance?
Answer
  • retinal disparity
  • binocular cues
  • monocular cues

Question 42

Question
ability to see objects in 3 dimensions?
Answer
  • depth perception
  • visual cliff
  • figure ground

Question 43

Question
laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals?
Answer
  • visual cliff
  • depth perception
  • figure ground

Question 44

Question
the organization of the visual field into objects that should out from their surroundings?
Answer
  • figure ground
  • depth perception
  • visual cliff

Question 45

Question
theory that the retina contains three different color receptors-one most sensitive to red, on to green, one to blue which, when stimulated in combination, can produce the perception of any color?
Answer
  • young helmholtz trichromatic
  • gestalt
  • opponent process theory

Question 46

Question
organized whole, meaningful whole?
Answer
  • gestalt
  • opponent process theory
  • young Helmholtz trichromatic

Question 47

Question
opposing retinal process enable color vision?
Answer
  • opponent process theory
  • gestalt
  • young Helmholtz trichromatic

Question 48

Question
the processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously, the brains natural mode of info processing fro many functions including vision?
Answer
  • parallel processing
  • feature detectors
  • blind spot

Question 49

Question
nerve cells in the brain that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as shape angle or movement?
Answer
  • feature detectors
  • blind spot
  • parallel processing

Question 50

Question
the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a blind spot because no receptor cells are located there?
Answer
  • blind spot
  • parallel processing
  • feature detectors

Question 51

Question
retinal receptors that detect black white and gray needed for peripheral and twilight vision, when cones don't respond?
Answer
  • rods
  • accommodations
  • cones

Question 52

Question
the process by which the eyes lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina?
Answer
  • accommodations
  • cones
  • rods

Question 53

Question
retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions?
Answer
  • cones
  • rods
  • accommodations

Question 54

Question
when an unconditioned stimulus does not follow a conditioned stimulus?
Answer
  • extinction
  • higher order conditioning
  • acquisition

Question 55

Question
a procedure in which the unconditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus creating a second often weaker conditioned stimulus?
Answer
  • higher order conditioning
  • acquisition
  • extinction

Question 56

Question
initial stage, when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response?
Answer
  • acquisition
  • extinction
  • higher order conditioning

Question 57

Question
reappearance after a pause of an extinguished conditioned response?
Answer
  • spontaneous recovery
  • generalization
  • discrimination

Question 58

Question
tendency once a response has been conditioned for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar response?
Answer
  • generalization
  • discrimination
  • spontaneous recovery

Question 59

Question
ability to distinguished between a conditioned stimulus and a unconditioned stimulus?
Answer
  • discrimination
  • spontaneous recovery
  • generalization

Question 60

Question
thorndikes principle that behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely and viceversa?
Answer
  • law of effect
  • operant conditioning
  • operant chamber

Question 61

Question
learning behavior which ceases if punished or continuous if rewarded?
Answer
  • operant conditioning
  • operant chamber
  • law of effect

Question 62

Question
chamber also know as skinner box, containing a bar or key an animal can control to obtain food or water?
Answer
  • operant chamber
  • law of effect
  • operant conditioning

Question 63

Question
the activation, often unconsciousness of certain associations, thus predisposing ones perception memory, or response?
Answer
  • priming
  • signal detection theory
  • difference threshold

Question 64

Question
faint stimulus detected, no single absolute threshold and that detection depends partly on a persons experience, expectations, motivation and alertness?
Answer
  • signal detection theory
  • difference threshold
  • priming

Question 65

Question
the minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time? we experience the threshold as a just noticeable difference?
Answer
  • difference threshold
  • priming
  • signal detection theory

Question 66

Question
principle that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage?
Answer
  • webers law
  • sensory adaptation
  • perceptual set

Question 67

Question
diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation?
Answer
  • sensory adaptation
  • perceptual set
  • webers law

Question 68

Question
a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another?
Answer
  • perceptual set
  • sensory adaptation
  • webers law

Question 69

Question
the dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light; what we know as the color names blue, green and so forth?
Answer
  • hue
  • wavelengths
  • intensity

Question 70

Question
distance from the peak of one light or sound wave to the peak of the next. Electromagnetic wavelengths vary from the short slips of cosmic rays to the long pulses of radio transmission.
Answer
  • wavelengths
  • intensity
  • hue

Question 71

Question
the amount of energy in a light or sound wave, which we perceive as brightness of loudness as determined by waves amplitute?
Answer
  • intensity
  • hue
  • wavelengths

Question 72

Question
ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening?
Answer
  • irsis
  • optic nerve
  • fovea

Question 73

Question
the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain?
Answer
  • optic nerve
  • fovea
  • iris

Question 74

Question
the central focal point in the retina, around which the eyes cones cluster?
Answer
  • fovea
  • optic nerve
  • iris

Question 75

Question
an innately reinforcing stimulus, such as one that satisfies a biological need?
Answer
  • primary reinforcer
  • lens
  • retina

Question 76

Question
transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina?
Answer
  • lens
  • retina
  • primary reinforcer

Question 77

Question
the light sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus lays of neurons that begin the processing of visual information?
Answer
  • retina
  • primary reinforcer
  • lens

Question 78

Question
momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; can be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds?
Answer
  • echoic memory
  • conditioned reinforcer
  • reinforcement schedule

Question 79

Question
stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer, also known as a secondary reinforcer?
Answer
  • conditioned reinforcer
  • reinforcement schedule
  • echoic memory

Question 80

Question
a pattern that defines how often a desired response will be reinforced?
Answer
  • reinforcement schedule
  • echoic memory
  • conditioned reinforcer

Question 81

Question
a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specific number of response?
Answer
  • fixed ratio schedule
  • continuos reinforcement
  • partial (intermittent) reinforcement

Question 82

Question
reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs?
Answer
  • continuous reinforcement
  • partial reinforcement
  • fixed ratio schedule

Question 83

Question
reinforcing a response only part of the time; results in slower acquisition of a response but much greater resistance to extinction than does continuous reinforcement?
Answer
  • partial (intermittent) reinforcement
  • fixed ratio schedule
  • continuous reinforcement

Question 84

Question
retention independent of conscious recollection?
Answer
  • implicit/nondeclarative memory
  • explicit/declarative memory
  • working memory

Question 85

Question
memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and declare?
Answer
  • explicit/declarative memory
  • woking memory
  • implicit/nondeclarative memory

Question 86

Question
a newer understanding of short term memory that focuses on conscious active processing of incoming auditory and visual spatial information and information retrieved from long term memory?
Answer
  • woking memory
  • implicit/nondeclarative memory
  • explicit/declarative memory

Question 87

Question
a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses?
Answer
  • variable ratio schedule
  • fixed interval schedule
  • variable interval schedule

Question 88

Question
a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed?
Answer
  • fixed interval schedule
  • variable interval schedule
  • variable ration schedule

Question 89

Question
a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals?
Answer
  • variable interval schedule
  • variable ratio schedule
  • fixed interval schedule

Question 90

Question
behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus?
Answer
  • respondent behavior
  • operant behavior
  • latent learning

Question 91

Question
behavior that operates on the environment, producing consequences?
Answer
  • operant behavior
  • latent learning
  • respondent behavior

Question 92

Question
learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it?
Answer
  • latent learning
  • respondent behavior
  • operant behavior

Question 93

Question
desired to perform a behavior to receive promised reward or avoid threatened punishment?
Answer
  • prosocial behavior
  • iconic memory
  • extrinsic motivation

Question 94

Question
a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; photographic memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second?
Answer
  • iconic memory
  • prosocial
  • extrinsic motivation

Question 95

Question
positive constructive helpful behavior? opposite of antisocial behavior.
Answer
  • prosocial behavior
  • extrinsic motivation
  • iconic memory

Question 96

Question
process of getting information out of memory storage?
Answer
  • retrivial
  • sensory memory
  • relearning

Question 97

Question
the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system?
Answer
  • sensory memory
  • relearning
  • retrivial

Question 98

Question
a measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material again?
Answer
  • relearning
  • retrieval
  • sensory memory

Question 99

Question
a measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier, as on a fill-in -the blank test?
Answer
  • recall
  • spacing effect
  • perception

Question 100

Question
tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long term retention than is achieved through massed study for practice?
Answer
  • spacing effect
  • perception
  • recall

Question 101

Question
process of organizing and interpreting sensory information?
Answer
  • perception
  • recall
  • spacing effect

Question 102

Question
encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearance of words?
Answer
  • shallow processing
  • deep processing
  • hippocampus

Question 103

Question
encoding semantically, based on the meaning of the words?
Answer
  • deep processing
  • hippocampus
  • shallow processing

Question 104

Question
a neural center located in the limbic system; helps process explicit memories for storage?
Answer
  • hippocampus
  • shallow processing
  • deep processing

Question 105

Question
conscious memory of first 3 years is blank?
Answer
  • infatible amnesia
  • serial positon effect
  • priming

Question 106

Question
our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list?
Answer
  • serial positon effect
  • priming
  • infantile amnesia

Question 107

Question
the activation, often unconsciously of particular associations in memory?
Answer
  • priming
  • infantile amnesia
  • serial position effect

Question 108

Question
previous experience and expectations affect the detection and analysis of information from the senses. Explains visual illusions
Answer
  • top down processing
  • bottom up processing
  • misinformation effect

Question 109

Question
sensory receptors relay information to the brain, brain interprets this information
Answer
  • bottom up processing
  • misinformation effect
  • top down processing

Question 110

Question
incorporating misleading information into ones memory of an event?
Answer
  • misinformation
  • top down processing
  • bottom up processing

Question 111

Question
disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information?
Answer
  • retroactive interference
  • proactive interference
  • repression

Question 112

Question
the disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information?
Answer
  • proactive interference
  • repression
  • retroactive interference

Question 113

Question
psychoanalysis theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety arousing thoughts, feeling and memories?
Answer
  • repression
  • retroactive interference
  • proactive interference

Question 114

Question
enhanced memory after retrieving rather than simply reading information?
Answer
  • testing effect/retrieval practice effect/test enhanced learning
  • (LTP) long term potentiation
  • sensation

Question 115

Question
an increase in a cells firing potential after brief rapid stimulation?
Answer
  • (LTP) long term potentiation
  • sensation
  • testing effect

Question 116

Question
sensory and nervous system receiving and representing stimulus energies from our environment?
Answer
  • sensation
  • testing effect
  • (LTP) long term potentiation

Question 117

Question
operant conditioning basic idea and response?
Answer
  • organisms associate behavior and resulting events; voluntary operates on environment
  • organisms associate events; involuntary/automatic
  • source amnesia/misattribution

Question 118

Question
classical conditioning basic idea and response?
Answer
  • organisms associate events; involuntary/automatic
  • source amnesia/misattribution
  • organisms associate behavior and resulting events; voluntary operates on environment

Question 119

Question
attributing to the wrong source an event we have experienced heard about read or imagined?
Answer
  • source amnesia/misattribution
  • organisms associate behavior and resulting events; voluntary operates on environment

Question 120

Question
process of observing and imitating a specific behavior?
Answer
  • modeling
  • mirror neurons
  • encoding
  • storage

Question 121

Question
frontal lobes neurons that some scientists believe fire when performing certain actions or when observing another doing so?
Answer
  • mirror neurons
  • modeling
  • encoding
  • storage

Question 122

Question
the processing of information into the memory system?
Answer
  • encoding
  • storage
  • modeling
  • mirror neurons

Question 123

Question
the retention of encoded information over time?
Answer
  • storage
  • encoding
  • modeling
  • mirror neurons

Question 124

Question
organizing items into manageable units?
Answer
  • chunking
  • mnemonics
  • flashbulb memory
  • aplysia

Question 125

Question
memory aids, use vivid imagery and organizational devices?
Answer
  • mnemonics
  • chunking
  • flashbulb
  • aplysia

Question 126

Question
a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event?
Answer
  • flashbulb memory
  • aplysia
  • chunking
  • mnemonics

Question 127

Question
california sea slug with a mere 20,000 nerve cells?
Answer
  • aplysia
  • flashbulb memory
  • chunking
  • mnemonics

Question 128

Question
an inability to form new memories?
Answer
  • anterograde amnesia
  • retrogade amnesia
  • transduction
  • psychophysics

Question 129

Question
an inability to retrieve information from ones past?
Answer
  • retrogade amnesia
  • anterograde amnesia
  • transduction
  • psychophysics

Question 130

Question
conversion of one form of energy into another?
Answer
  • transduction
  • psychophysics
  • anterograde amnesia
  • retrogade amnesia

Question 131

Question
study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli?
Answer
  • psychophysics
  • transduction
  • anterograde amnesia
  • retrogade amnesia

Question 132

Question
minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time?
Answer
  • absolute threshold
  • subliminal
  • yes
  • myth

Question 133

Question
below ones absolute threshold for conscious awareness? less than 50%
Answer
  • subliminal
  • absolute threshold
  • yes
  • myth

Question 134

Question
can all 5 tastes be sensed all over tongue?
Answer
  • yes
  • myth
  • absolute threshold
  • subliminal

Question 135

Question
what are the tongue maps?
Answer
  • myth
  • yes
  • subliminal
  • absolute threshold

Question 136

Question
number of human taste buds?
Answer
  • 5,000 to 10,000
  • 50 to 100 each
  • every so many
  • every so often

Question 137

Question
number os taste buds receptor cells?
Answer
  • 50 to 100 each
  • 5,000 to 10,000
  • every so often
  • every so many

Question 138

Question
what is the ratio?
Answer
  • every so many
  • every so often
  • 5,000 to 10,000
  • 50 to 100 each

Question 139

Question
what is the interval?
Answer
  • every so often
  • every so many
  • 50 to 100 each
  • 5,000 to 10,000

Question 140

Question
a mental representation of the layout of ones enviornment?
Answer
  • cognitive map
  • intrinsic motivation
  • A-delta fibers
  • nociceptors
  • C fibers

Question 141

Question
a desired to perform a behavior effectively for its own sake?
Answer
  • intrinsic motivation
  • cognitive map
  • C fibers
  • A delta fibers
  • nociceptors

Question 142

Question
transmit longer lasting, duller pain?
Answer
  • C fibers
  • A delta fibers
  • nociceptors
  • cognitive map
  • intrinsic motivation

Question 143

Question
fast acting transmit sharp pain?
Answer
  • A delta fibers
  • C fibers
  • nociceptors
  • cognitive map
  • intrinsic motivation

Question 144

Question
pain receptors?
Answer
  • nociceptors
  • A delta fibers
  • C fibers
  • cognitive map
  • intrinsic motivation
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