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Bacterial growth and control

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undergraduate Microbiology Quiz on Bacterial growth and control, created by Beth Moore on 22/05/2015.
Beth Moore
Quiz by Beth Moore, updated more than 1 year ago
Beth Moore
Created by Beth Moore over 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which of the following is NOT an environmental parameter that limits bacterial growth?
Answer
  • Temperature
  • pH
  • Metabolism
  • Osmotic pressure
  • None of the above

Question 2

Question
How is a psychrophile adapted to deal with extreme temperatures?
Answer
  • Increased number of saturated fatty acids
  • Short acetyl chains on fatty acids
  • Increased G-C content
  • Produces anti-freeze proteins
  • All of the above

Question 3

Question
Which of the following is true of cryoprotectants?
Answer
  • Bind to small ice crystals and prevent cell lysis
  • Insert into the plasma membrane to make it more fluid
  • A good example is Trehalose and exopolysaccharides
  • All of the answers

Question 4

Question
What would you expect an Alkaliphile to use to drive cell processes?
Answer
  • Protons
  • Potassium ions
  • Sodium ions
  • Calcium Chloride

Question 5

Question
What is a thermosome?
Answer
  • An bacterium that thrives in hot temperatures
  • A thermostable protein
  • A chaperonin protein complex
  • A glycerol tetraether

Question 6

Question
Which of the following is not mechanism by which halotolerant and halophilic bacteria respond to osmotic stress?
Answer
  • Release solutes through mechanosensitive channels
  • Stabilisation of S-layer glycoproteins with sodium ions
  • Production of compatible solutes inside the cell
  • Modification of mitochondrial metabolism

Question 7

Question
Which of the following is needed to catalyse the whole of this reaction?
Image:
72c65949-6edd-490d-9baa-7d136eebd126 (image/png)
Answer
  • Peroxidase
  • Superoxidase dismutase + catalase
  • catalase
  • Superoxidase dismutase + superoxidase reductase

Question 8

Question
Which of the following categories of bacteria contain catalase + SOD ?
Answer
  • Facultative aerobes
  • Obligate aerobes
  • Obligate anaerobes
  • Aerotolerant aerobes
  • Microaerophiles

Question 9

Question
Which of the following is an indirect measurement of bacterial growth?
Answer
  • Flow cytometry
  • Viable counting
  • Petroff-Hauser cell counting
  • Optical density

Question 10

Question
Select the correct order in a bacterial growth curve:
Answer
  • Log phase --> stationary phase --> lag phase --> death phase
  • Log phase --> lag phase --> death phase -->stationary phase
  • lag phase --> log phase --> death phase -->stationary phase
  • lag phase --> log phase -->stationary phase -->death phase

Question 11

Question
Which of the following is the correct definition for the thermal death point?
Answer
  • Minimal temperature at which all organisms are killed in 10 min in a particular liquid
  • Minimal temperature at which all organisms are killed in 1 hour in a particular liquid
  • Minimum time taken to kill all organisms at particular temperature in a given liquid
  • Minimal temperature at which all organisms are killed in 10 min in water

Question 12

Question
Which temperature does the dry heat (oven) method of steralisation occur at?
Answer
  • 121 degrees celcius
  • 150 degrees celcius
  • 70 degrees celcius
  • 100 degrees celcius

Question 13

Question
Which of the following ways does non-ionising radiation cause damage to the cell?
Answer
  • By breaking the DNA into fragments
  • By creating reactive oxygen species
  • By lysing the cell membranes
  • By mutating the DNA

Question 14

Question
Which of the following states would filtration be an appropriate method of sterilisation?
Answer
  • Gas
  • Liquid
  • Solid

Question 15

Question
Which of the following shows a bactericidal treatment? (note: top line shows cell count and bottom line shows viable cell count, x axis= Log number of cells y axis = Time)
Answer

Question 16

Question
Which of the following kills microorganisms but not necessarily endospores?
Answer
  • Disinfectants
  • Sterilants
  • Antiseptics

Question 17

Question
Which of the following can be applied to living tissue?
Answer
  • Germicides
  • Antiseptics
  • Disinfectants
  • Sterilants

Question 18

Question
Which of the following is a disc diffusion technique that allows the effective concentration to be seen?
Answer
  • E-test
  • Minimum inhibitory concentration
  • Minimum bactericidal concentration

Question 19

Question
What is the minimum bactericidal concentration?
Answer
  • The lowest concentration of a drug killing >99.9% of a test organism after overnight incubation.
  • The lowest concentration of a drug inhibiting the visible growth of a test organism after overnight incubation.
  • The lowest concentration of a drug killing >99.9% of a test organism after 48 hours of incubation.
  • The highest concentration of a drug killing >99.9% of a test organism after 48 hours of incubation.

Question 20

Question
Which of the following does not cause cell death by interacting with proteins?
Answer
  • Phenolic compounds
  • Alcohols
  • Aldehydes
  • Quaternary ammonium compounds
  • Halogen releasing agents

Question 21

Question
Which are the two main classes of halogen releasing agents used in microbial control?
Answer
  • Iodine-releasing
  • Chlorine-releasing
  • Bromine-releasing
  • Fluorine-releasing

Question 22

Question
What is the active concentration of alcohol? (at which it disrupted cell components)
Answer
  • 40-60%
  • 60-80%
  • 80-100%
  • 20-40%

Question 23

Question
Which of the following is true of phenolic compounds?
Answer
  • They often stain
  • They are toxic at high concentrations
  • They act as a local anesthetic at low concentrations
  • They form chlorinated bases in DNA

Question 24

Question
Who formally demonstrated the theory of germs?
Answer
  • Louis Pasteur
  • Robert Koch
  • Rudolf Emmerich and Oscar Loew
  • Paul Ehrlich

Question 25

Question
Which of the following are not part of Koch's postulates on the causal relationship between microorganisms and disease.
Answer
  • The microorganism must be found in all organisms suffering from the disease, and in healthy organisms.
  • The microorganism must be re isolated from the inoculated, diseased experimental host and identified as being identical to the original specific causative agent.
  • The cultured microorganism should cause disease when introduced into an immunocompromised organism.
  • The microorganism must be isolated from a diseased organism and grown in pure culture.

Question 26

Question
Who won the nobel prize for the showing prontosil red had antibacterial properties?
Answer
  • Rudolph Emmerich & Oscar Loew
  • Paul Ehrlich
  • Alexander Fleming
  • Gerhard Domagk

Question 27

Question
Which cell process does penicillin inhibit?
Answer
  • Protein synthesis
  • DNA gyrase
  • Cell wall synthesis
  • Folic acid metabolism

Question 28

Question
How many patients were affected by nosocomial infections in Europe in 2011?
Answer
  • 14 billion
  • 14 million
  • 1.7 billion
  • 1.7 million

Question 29

Question
Which of the following is a cause of antibiotic resistance?
Answer
  • Farming industry
  • Pets
  • Agriculture
  • Aquaculture
  • Human misuse

Question 30

Question
Which of the following is not a property of an ideal antibiotic?
Answer
  • Non-toxic/inert
  • Stable
  • Cheap (relatively)
  • selectively distrubuted

Question 31

Question
How do D,D-transpeptidases act in peptidoglycan cell wall synthesis?
Answer
  • Covalently bind murNAc and glcNAc together
  • Catalyses the formation of cross-links between D-ala side chains
  • Inhibit peptide binding proteins
  • Bind to the beta-lactam ring of beta-lactam antibiotics

Question 32

Question
Overproduction of MexAB-OprM gives imipenem resistance.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 33

Question
Which of the following is not a way that beta-lactam resistance can form?
Answer
  • Change in Pencillin Binding protein pathway
  • Modification of beta-lactam molecules
  • The binding of beta-lactamases to beta lactams using a catalytic serine
  • Mutation of PBPs
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