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Cancer Chemotherapy

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6 Medicinal Chemistry Quiz on Cancer Chemotherapy, created by sbpharmacy on 24/04/2016.
sbpharmacy
Quiz by sbpharmacy, updated more than 1 year ago
sbpharmacy
Created by sbpharmacy over 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What is the scientific name for cancer? [blank_start]Oncology[blank_end]
Answer
  • Oncology

Question 2

Question
What is the word used for a cancerous growth? [blank_start]Malignant[blank_end]
Answer
  • Malignant

Question 3

Question
Carcinomas derive from [blank_start]epithelial cells[blank_end]
Answer
  • epithelial cells

Question 4

Question
What type of tumour derives from connective tissue? [blank_start]Sarcomas[blank_end]
Answer
  • Sarcomas

Question 5

Question
What type of tumour derives from thin layers of tissue surrounding internal organs? [blank_start]Mesotheliomas[blank_end]
Answer
  • Mesotheliomas

Question 6

Question
What type of tumour derives from glial cells in the brain? [blank_start]Gliomas[blank_end]
Answer
  • Gliomas

Question 7

Question
[blank_start]Germinomas[blank_end] derive from germ cells (which are non-[blank_start]differentiated[blank_end] cells)
Answer
  • Germinomas
  • differentiated

Question 8

Question
What does leukemia derive from? [blank_start]Bone marrow[blank_end]
Answer
  • Bone marrow

Question 9

Question
The proportion of tumour cells dividing and cycling is known as the [blank_start]growth[blank_end] [blank_start]fraction[blank_end]
Answer
  • growth
  • fraction

Question 10

Question
Name three folic acid antagonists. 1 - [blank_start]methotrexate[blank_end] 2 - [blank_start]pemetrexed[blank_end] 3 - [blank_start]raltitrexed[blank_end]
Answer
  • methotrexate
  • pemetrexed
  • raltitrexed

Question 11

Question
Name four pyrimidine analogues. 1 - [blank_start]fluorouracil[blank_end] 2 - [blank_start]cytarabine[blank_end] 3 - [blank_start]capecitabine[blank_end] 4 - [blank_start]gemcitabine[blank_end]
Answer
  • fluorouracil
  • cytarabine
  • capecitabine
  • gemcitabine

Question 12

Question
Name five purine analogues. 1 - [blank_start]mercaptopurine[blank_end] 2 - [blank_start]thioguanine[blank_end] 3 - [blank_start]cladribine[blank_end] 4 - [blank_start]clorabine[blank_end] 5 - [blank_start]fludarabine[blank_end]
Answer
  • mercaptopurine
  • thioguanine
  • cladribine
  • clorabine
  • fludarabine

Question 13

Question
Methotrexate works by attacking/inhibiting [blank_start]dihydrofolate[blank_end] reductase. This prevents [blank_start]dihydrofolate[blank_end] being converted into [blank_start]tetrahydrofolate[blank_end].
Answer
  • dihydrofolate
  • dihydrofolate
  • tetrahydrofolate

Question 14

Question
Fluorouracil mimics which nitrogenous base?
Answer
  • cytosine
  • guanine
  • thiamine
  • adenine

Question 15

Question
Name two main nitrogen mustard based alkylating agents. 1 - [blank_start]chlorambucil[blank_end] 2 - [blank_start]cyclophosphamide[blank_end]
Answer
  • chlorambucil
  • cyclophosphamide

Question 16

Question
Alkylating agents, such as [blank_start]cyclophosphamide[blank_end], work by [blank_start]crosslinking[blank_end] between [blank_start]guanine[blank_end] nitrogenous bases. This produces a [blank_start]stable[blank_end] structure which is hard to break meaning DNA is not longer able to [blank_start]replicate[blank_end].
Answer
  • cyclophosphamide
  • crosslinking
  • guanine
  • stable
  • replicate

Question 17

Question
Cisplatin and carboplatin are examples of which anticancer type drugs? [blank_start]platinating agents[blank_end]
Answer
  • platinating agents

Question 18

Question
Name two platinating agents. 1 - [blank_start]cisplatin[blank_end] 2 - [blank_start]carboplatin[blank_end]
Answer
  • cisplatin
  • carboplatin

Question 19

Question
Which main element do platinating agents contain? [blank_start]platinum[blank_end]
Answer
  • platinum

Question 20

Question
In [blank_start]aqueous[blank_end] conditions, the [blank_start]chlorine[blank_end] group of platinating agents is replaced with [blank_start]water[blank_end]. The nitrogen on the [blank_start]guanine[blank_end] base can displace water and binds tightly to the drug.
Answer
  • aqueous
  • chlorine
  • water
  • guanine

Question 21

Question
The bond formed by platinating agents and DNA bases is stronger than the covalent bonds formed between alkylating agents and DNA bases.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
Antitumor antibiotics and derived from [blank_start]Streptomyces[blank_end] species.
Answer
  • Streptomyces

Question 23

Question
Name six main groups/drugs of antibiotics used in cancer chemotherapy (in alphabetical order). 1 - [blank_start]anthracyclines[blank_end] 2 - [blank_start]bleomycin[blank_end] 3 - [blank_start]dactinomycin[blank_end] 4 - [blank_start]hydroxycarbamide[blank_end] 5 - [blank_start]mitomycin C[blank_end] 6 - [blank_start]procarbazine[blank_end]
Answer
  • anthracyclines
  • bleomycin
  • dactinomycin
  • hydroxycarbamide
  • mitomycin C
  • procarbazine

Question 24

Question
The main anticancer anthracycline antibiotic is [blank_start]doxorubicin[blank_end].
Answer
  • doxorubicin

Question 25

Question
Anthracyclines are used mainly in lung, breast cancer, and leukaemia.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
Which enzyme does doxorubicin inhibit? [blank_start]topoisomerase II[blank_end]
Answer
  • topoisomerase II

Question 27

Question
What is the main adverse effect of anthracyclines? [blank_start]Cardiotoxicity[blank_end]
Answer
  • Cardiotoxicity

Question 28

Question
Dactinomycin is used mainly for breast, stomach, lung, pancreas, bladder, and anal cancers.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 29

Question
Dactinomycin works mainly by [blank_start]intercalating[blank_end] with DNA at the [blank_start]transcription initiation[blank_end] complex, which prevents [blank_start]RNA polymerase[blank_end] action.
Answer
  • intercalating
  • transcription initiation
  • RNA polymerase

Question 30

Question
Bleomycin is used mainly for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 31

Question
Bleomycin works by [blank_start]chelating[blank_end] with [blank_start]metal[blank_end] ions (mainly [blank_start]iron[blank_end]), which produces [blank_start]free-radicals[blank_end] that [blank_start]cleave[blank_end] DNA. Oxygen is required for this to occur.
Answer
  • chelating
  • metal
  • iron
  • free-radicals
  • cleave

Question 32

Question
Dactinomycin causes pulmonary fibrosis and dermatological toxicity.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 33

Question
Mitomycin C is a [blank_start]pro-drug[blank_end]. It is enzymatically activated to produce an [blank_start]alkylating[blank_end] metabolite.
Answer
  • pro-drug
  • alkylating

Question 34

Question
Procarbazine is used mainly in the treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 35

Question
Procarbazine is a [blank_start]pro-drug[blank_end] which breaks down to [blank_start]azo-carbazine[blank_end] in the body. This reaction produces [blank_start]hydrogen peroxide[blank_end] which causes damage to [blank_start]DNA[blank_end]. It interferes with DNA and RNA [blank_start]synthesis[blank_end].
Answer
  • pro-drug
  • azo-carbazine
  • hydrogen peroxide
  • DNA
  • synthesis

Question 36

Question
Hydroxycarbamide interacts with many drugs because it inhibits monoamine oxidase.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 37

Question
[blank_start]Hydroxycarbamide[blank_end] is used for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukaemia.
Answer
  • Hydroxycarbamide

Question 38

Question
Hydroxycarbamide works by inhibiting [blank_start]ribonucleotide reductase[blank_end]. This enzyme is responsible for catalysing DNA from RNA strands.
Answer
  • ribonucleotide reductase

Question 39

Question
What is the main side effect of hydroxycarbamide? [blank_start]Myelosuppression[blank_end]
Answer
  • Myelosuppression

Question 40

Question
ABVD is the name of one the chemotherapy treatments used to treat [blank_start]Hodgkin's lymphoma[blank_end]. It is made up of the drugs A = [blank_start]Adriamycin[blank_end] B = [blank_start]Bleomycin[blank_end] C = [blank_start]Vinblastine[blank_end] D = [blank_start]Dacarbazine[blank_end]
Answer
  • Hodgkin's lymphoma
  • testicular cancer
  • non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
  • breast cancer
  • bladder cancer
  • brain tumours
  • Adriamycin
  • Amsacrine
  • Alemtuzumab
  • Aromasin
  • Aclarubicin
  • Bleomycin
  • Busulfan
  • Buserelin
  • Bevacizumab
  • Vinblastine
  • Vectibix
  • Viadur
  • Vincristine
  • Vindesine
  • Vinorelbine
  • Dacarbazine
  • Doxorubicin
  • Daunorubicin
  • Dactinomycin

Question 41

Question
Name four plant derived cancer therapy agents. 1. C[blank_start]amptothecins[blank_end] 2. E[blank_start]toposide[blank_end] 3. T[blank_start]axanes[blank_end] 4. V[blank_start]inca[blank_end] a[blank_start]lkaloids[blank_end]
Answer
  • amptothecins
  • toposide
  • axanes
  • inca
  • lkaloids

Question 42

Question
Vinca alkaloids are derived from Madagascar Periwinkle.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 43

Question
Vinca alkaloids work by binding to [blank_start]tubulin[blank_end]. This prevents [blank_start]spindle[blank_end] formation in mitosis. The disruption of [blank_start]microtubules[blank_end] stops mitosis in [blank_start]metaphase[blank_end]. Vinca alkaloids affect all [blank_start]rapidly[blank_end] dividing cell types.
Answer
  • tubulin
  • spindle
  • microtubules
  • metaphase
  • rapidly

Question 44

Question
Vincristine is used in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 45

Question
The brand name for vincristine is [blank_start]Oncovin[blank_end]
Answer
  • Oncovin

Question 46

Question
Name two taxane drugs. 1. [blank_start]Paclitaxel[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Docetaxel[blank_end]
Answer
  • Paclitaxel
  • Docetaxel

Question 47

Question
Taxanes work by stabilising [blank_start]microtubules[blank_end] preventing [blank_start]mitosis[blank_end].
Answer
  • microtubules
  • mitosis

Question 48

Question
Camptothecins inhibits topoisomerase I
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 49

Question
Etoposide inhibits topoisomerase I
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 50

Question
Name two camptothecins. 1. t[blank_start]opotecan[blank_end] 2. i[blank_start]rinotecan[blank_end]
Answer
  • opotecan
  • rinotecan

Question 51

Question
Name six anthracyclines (other than doxorubicin) 1 - a[blank_start]driamycin[blank_end] 2 - a[blank_start]clarubicin[blank_end] 3 - d[blank_start]aunorubicin[blank_end] 4 - e[blank_start]pirubicin[blank_end] 5 - i[blank_start]darubicin[blank_end] 6 - m[blank_start]itozantrone[blank_end]
Answer
  • driamycin
  • clarubicin
  • aunorubicin
  • pirubicin
  • darubicin
  • itozantrone
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