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General ANOVA

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MCQ on Analysis of Variance
Charlotte Joseph
Quiz by Charlotte Joseph, updated more than 1 year ago
Charlotte Joseph
Created by Charlotte Joseph over 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
For an experiment comparing more than two treatment conditions you should use analysis of variance rather than separate t-tests because:
Answer
  • You are less likely to make a mistake in the computations of ANOVA
  • A test based on variance is more sensitive than a test based on means
  • ANOVA has less risk of a Type I error because several means are compared in one test
  • ANOVA has less risk of a Type II error because several means are compared in one test

Question 2

Question
The null hypothesis for an ANOVA states that
Answer
  • There are no differences between any of the population means
  • At least one of the population means is different from the others
  • All the population means are different from each other
  • None of the other 3 choices are correct

Question 3

Question
When the null hypothesis is true for ANOVA, what is the expected value for the F-ratio?
Answer
  • 0
  • 1.00
  • k-1
  • N-k

Question 4

Question
In analysis of variance, the F-ratio is a ratio of:
Answer
  • Two (or more) sample means
  • Two variances
  • Sample means divided by sample variances
  • None of the other 3 choices are correct

Question 5

Question
In an ANOVA, which of the following is most likely to produce a large value for he F-ratio?
Answer
  • Large mean differences and small sample variances
  • Large mean differences and large sample variances
  • Small mean differences and small sample variances
  • Small mean differences and large sample variances

Question 6

Question
For an independent-measures experiment comparing two treatment conditions with a sample of n= 10 in each treatment, the F-ratio would have to have df equal to:
Answer
  • 18
  • 19
  • 1, 18
  • 1, 19

Question 7

Question
A researcher uses analysis of variance to test for mean differences among four treatments with a sample of n=6 in each treatment. The F-ratio for this analysis would have what df values?
Answer
  • df= 3,5
  • df= 3,15
  • df= 3,20
  • df= 4, 24

Question 8

Question
A researcher reports an F-ratio with df= 3,36 for an independent-measures experiment. How many treatment conditions were compared in this experiment?
Answer
  • 3
  • 4
  • 36
  • 39

Question 9

Question
A researcher reports an F-ratio with df= 3,36 for an independent-measures experiment. How many individual subjects participated in the experiment?
Answer
  • 36
  • 39
  • 40
  • Cannot be determined from the information given

Question 10

Question
A factor experiment means that the experimental design includes:
Answer
  • Two independent variables
  • Two dependent variables
  • An interaction between the independent and the dependent variable
  • Exactly two separate groups of subjects

Question 11

Question
In a two-factor analysis of variance a main effect is defined as:
Answer
  • The mean differences among the levels of one factor
  • The mean differences among all treatment conditions
  • The mean differences between the two factors
  • The difference between the largest treatment mean and the smallest treatment mean

Question 12

Question
The results from a 2-way ANOVA show that both main effects are significant. We can conclude:
Answer
  • That the interaction also must be significant
  • That the interaction cannot be significant
  • There must be an interaction but it may not be statistically significant
  • You can make no conclusions about the significance of the interaction

Question 13

Question
Prior to introducing a new cake mix to the public, a food company wishes to determine the combination of baking temperature and baking time that will result in the best tasting cake. In their experiment, cakes made from the new cake mix are baked at 325 degrees F, 350 degrees F, and 400 degrees F for 50 minutes, 60 minutes, 70 minutes and 80 minutes. Taste is rated for each combination of baking temperature and baking time. How many treatments are in the experiment?
Answer
  • 12
  • 3
  • 4
  • 7

Question 14

Question
In two way ANOVA what should you always look at first?
Answer
  • The significance of factor 1
  • The significance of factor 2
  • The interaction between factors 1 and 2
  • None of the above

Question 15

Question
To test for an interaction effect the statistic should be:
Answer
  • One way ANOVA
  • Two way ANOVA
  • Two way chi-squared
  • None of the above

Question 16

Question
A researcher wants to test the differences between three treatment conditions (cognitive-behavioural therapy, aversion therapy and behavioural therapy) by assigning individuals randomly to one of the three conditions. The researcher would need to perform which of the following tests to analyse the results?
Answer
  • Repeated measures ANOVA
  • Fisher's exact probability test
  • One-way between groups ANOVA
  • Pearsons r

Question 17

Question
THe one way ANOVA is used to test hypothesis concerning:
Answer
  • Means tests
  • Standard deviation
  • Mean squares
  • Variance

Question 18

Question
ANOVA assumes that the data to be analysed:
Answer
  • Has a normal distribution
  • That the data is interval
  • The variances in the groups are similar
  • All of the above

Question 19

Question
One way ANOVA should be used when:
Answer
  • We want to compare the means of 1 variable from 2 groups
  • We want to compare the means of 2 variables within 2 groups
  • We want to compare 1 variable from more than 2 groups
  • None of these options are correction

Question 20

Question
Which of the following is incorrect in relation to ANOVA:
Answer
  • ANOVA is relatively robust to small numbers of participants
  • ANOVA is relatively robust to unequal numbers of scores in different conditions
  • ANOVA relatively robust to skewed data
  • All of the above

Question 21

Question
ANOVA evaluates how likely it is that any differences in conditions is due to:
Answer
  • Sampling
  • Homogeneity of variance
  • Normal distributions
  • The IV

Question 22

Question
ANOVA evaluates how likely it is that any differences in conditions is due to:
Answer
  • Sampling
  • Homogeneity of variance
  • Normal distributions
  • The IV

Question 23

Question
In a study which investigates the differences in contents among 3 different brands of cigarettes an ANOVA was performed which yielded a small p value. Which of the following is correct:
Answer
  • Because the p value is small there is evidence that all the brands differ from each other in the mean amount of tar present.
  • Because the p value is small, there is no evidence than any of the brands differ in the mean tar content from the other brands.
  • Because the p value us small, there is evidence that at least one brand has a different mean tar content from the other brands.
  • Because the p value is small, there is evidence that all brands have the same men tar content.

Question 24

Question
A large F ratio means:
Answer
  • more likelihood the variance is causes by the IV
  • Less likelihood the variance is caused by the IV
  • The sample size used was small
  • The error variance was larger than the IV variance
  • B and D

Question 25

Question
For ANOVA the null hypothesis states:
Answer
  • For the individuals in the sample there is no consistent difference between treatments
  • For the individuals in the population there is no consistent difference between the treatments
  • For the individuals in the sample there is a consistent difference between the treatments
  • For the individuals in the sample there is a consistent difference between treatments

Question 26

Question
If the null hypothesis is true you expect:
Answer
  • F to have a value closer to 1
  • F to have a value closer to 0
  • p to have a value > .05
  • p to have a value < .05

Question 27

Question
The degrees of freedom for the F test in a one way ANOVA are:
Answer
  • (n-c) and (c-1)
  • (c-1) and (n-c)
  • (c-n) and (n-1)
  • (n-1) and (c-n)

Question 28

Question
In a one way ANOVA:
Answer
  • An interaction is present
  • An interaction can be tested
  • There is no interaction
  • None of the above

Question 29

Question
When carrying out an analysis, if the variance due to the IV is greater than the error variance, what does this mean?
Answer
  • An error in calculation was made
  • There should have been additional controls in the experiment
  • That there is a consistent difference between treatments
  • That there is no consistent difference between treatments

Question 30

Question
What do we call the overall effect of an IV on a DV:
Answer
  • Main effect
  • Indirect effect
  • Interaction effect
  • Direct effect

Question 31

Question
When the between-groups variance is a lot larger than the within-groups varience, the F-value is _____ and the likelihood of such a result occurring by sampling error _____.
Answer
  • Large, decreases
  • Small, decreases
  • Large, increases
  • Small, increases
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