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BIO 111 Study Exam 1

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Biology Quiz on BIO 111 Study Exam 1, created by anajaneee . on 24/09/2016.
anajaneee .
Quiz by anajaneee ., updated more than 1 year ago
anajaneee .
Created by anajaneee . over 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
_______ gives variety.
Answer
  • differences
  • similarities

Question 2

Question
___________ give stability.
Answer
  • similarities
  • differences

Question 3

Question
DNA are long thread-like molecules coiled into genes.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 4

Question
Chromosome are essentially DNA molecules.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 5

Question
Genes are specific region of DNA located linearly on specific chromosomes.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
How many kinds of chromosomes do diploid cells contain?
Answer
  • one (n)
  • two (2n)

Question 7

Question
How many kinds of chromosomes do haploid cells contain?
Answer
  • one (n)
  • two (2n)

Question 8

Question
Do most organisms have diploid cells or haploid cells?
Answer
  • diploid
  • haploid

Question 9

Question
[blank_start]Cell division[blank_end] is the natural division of [blank_start]one[blank_end] cell into [blank_start]two[blank_end] cells. It is the division of the [blank_start]cytoplasm[blank_end].
Answer
  • Cell division
  • one
  • two
  • cytoplasm

Question 10

Question
The process when an [blank_start]animal[blank_end] cell pinches itself in half during the process of cytokinesis is called [blank_start]cleavage[blank_end].
Answer
  • animal
  • cleavage

Question 11

Question
In cell division of [blank_start]plant[blank_end] cells, a cell will build a wall between two current walls by [blank_start]coalescence[blank_end] of cells, forming a plate that enlarges.
Answer
  • plant
  • coalescence

Question 12

Question
The two types of nuclear division are [blank_start]mitosis[blank_end] and [blank_start]meiosis[blank_end].
Answer
  • mitosis
  • meiosis

Question 13

Question
Nuclear division occurs before cytokinesis.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
In the process of [blank_start]mitosis[blank_end], one nucleus divides into two.
Answer
  • mitosis

Question 15

Question
Mitosis has ONE duplication and ONE division.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
If the parent cell has 16 chromosomes and goes through the process of MITOSIS, how many daughter cells will it produce, and with how many chromosomes?
Answer
  • 2 daughter cells, 16 chromosomes each
  • 2 daughter cells, 8 chromosomes each
  • 4 daughter cells, 8 chromosomes each
  • 4 daughter cells, 16 chromosomes each

Question 17

Question
[blank_start]Mitosis[blank_end] makes two nuclei from one nucleus and the two new nuclei contain the same number of chromosomes as the parent.
Answer
  • Mitosis

Question 18

Question
Essentially, when mitosis ends, the organism is dead.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
The functionality of mitosis is:
Answer
  • Make more identical cells
  • The growth of multicellular organisms
  • asexual reproduction for unicellular organisms
  • None of the above

Question 20

Question
Meiosis is a specialized type of nuclear division that only occurs at certain times in certain organisms.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
Meiosis has [blank_start]ONE[blank_end] duplication and [blank_start]TWO[blank_end] divisions.
Answer
  • ONE
  • TWO

Question 22

Question
If a parent cell has 16 chromosomes and goes through the process of meiosis, how many daughter cells will it produce and with how many chromosomes each?
Answer
  • 2 daughter cells, 16 chromosomes each
  • 2 daughter cells, 8 chromosomes each
  • 4 daughter cells, 16 chromosomes each
  • 4 daughter cells, 8 chromosomes each

Question 23

Question
Meiosis does not end after Division II.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 24

Question
The functionality of meiosis is
Answer
  • take diploid nuclei, convert to haploid cells
  • sexual reproduction; producing gametes and spores
  • asexual reproduction

Question 25

Question
In most organisms, meiosis does not produce gametes or spores
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
Evolution is the [blank_start]grand unifying theory[blank_end] of biology.
Answer
  • grand unifying theory

Question 27

Question
Who first proposed the idea of gradualism in a geological sense?
Answer
  • Darwin
  • Hulton
  • Wallace

Question 28

Question
Lamark proposed a mechanism for how life and things change throughout time: the idea of USE AND DISUSE; that body parts used most evolve to become bigger and stronger.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 29

Question
[blank_start]Lyell[blank_end], a geologist, proposed the idea that gradualism is still happening at the same rate. He studied geological records and published "Principles of Geology."
Answer
  • Lyell

Question 30

Question
Darwin thought that Lyell's gradualistic ideas could apply biologically too.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 31

Question
Darwin's 3 observations of nature include:
Answer
  • Unity of Life
  • Diversity of Life
  • Match between organisms & their environment; descent with modification
  • gradualism

Question 32

Question
Darwinism (the theory of evolution) consists of these major components:
Answer
  • perpetual change (always changing)
  • Common descent (living things have unified history, life comes from life)
  • Multiplication of Species (a single ancestral population can split to produce 2 or more populations, becoming different from each other)**
  • Gradualism (populations of organisms accumulate small changes over long periods of time)
  • Natural Selection (mechanism that explains how organisms appear to be designed to meet the demands of their environments "adaptation"
  • none of the above

Question 33

Question
[blank_start]Artificial[blank_end] selection is the process through which humans modify species over many generations by selecting and breeding individuals that possess desired traits.
Answer
  • Artificial

Question 34

Question
Darwin's 4 postulates are:
Answer
  • differences - individuals within a population differ from one another
  • inheritance - the differences are passed down from parent to offspring
  • some individuals are more successful at surviving and reproducing than others
  • the successful individuals are not merely luck, but succeed because of the variant traits they have inherited and will pass onto their offspring
  • gradualism
  • perpetual change
  • multiplication of species

Question 35

Question
Individuals with favorable traits will, on average, survive better than those with unfavorable traits; known as differential survival.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 36

Question
Individuals with more favorable traits will usually produce more offspring; known as differential reproduction.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 37

Question
[blank_start]Adaptation[blank_end] is an inherited characteristic of an organism that enhances their survival and reproduction in specific environments. A trait that increases an organism's fitness relative to individuals lacking it is called [blank_start]relative fitness[blank_end]; the contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation via [blank_start]reproduction[blank_end].
Answer
  • Adaptation
  • relative fitness
  • reproduction

Question 38

Question
Natural selection is the only process that can naturally create adaptation.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 39

Question
Natural selection operates on [blank_start]individuals[blank_end], selected for/against (more fit, less fit). (not an all or none process)
Answer
  • individuals

Question 40

Question
When faced with a changing environment, what options does a population have?
Answer
  • adapt (via ns)
  • move/disperse (if there is somewhere to go
  • go extinct, die

Question 41

Question
Natural selection can only act on existing variations
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 42

Question
Evolution is limited by historical constraints.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 43

Question
Adaptations are often compromises
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 44

Question
Chance, natural selection, and the environment all interact.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 45

Question
Which concept distinguishes a species using distinctive external features?
Answer
  • Morphological
  • Biological
  • Ecological
  • Phylogenetic

Question 46

Question
Which concept says a group of population whose member have the potential to interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring among their species?
Answer
  • Morphological
  • Biological
  • Ecological
  • Phylogenetic

Question 47

Question
Which concept views a species based on its ecological niche? (niche=sum of species using biotic and abiotic resources in its environment)
Answer
  • Morphological
  • Biological
  • Ecological
  • Phlyogenetic

Question 48

Question
Which concept focuses on the smallest group of individuals on a phylogenetic tree? Phylogenetic defines a species as the smallest group of individuals that share a common ancestor (e.g. morphology, molecular sequences)
Answer
  • Morphological
  • Biological
  • ecological
  • phylogenetic
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