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Cardiac System

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Chapter 15
kels94
Quiz by kels94, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by kels94 over 10 years ago
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Question 1

Question
The cardiovascular system is made up of
Answer
  • heart and blood vessels
  • heart and lungs
  • heart and arteries
  • heart and veins

Question 2

Question
Which is the correct graduation of vessels?
Answer
  • Veins --> venules --> capillaries --> arterioles --> arteries
  • Venules --> veins --> arterioles --> arteries --> capillaries
  • Capilaries --> arterioles --> veins --> arteries --> venules
  • Arteries --> arterioles --> capillaries --> venules --> veins

Question 3

Question
Arteries carry blood _____________, while veins carry blood __________________ .
Answer
  • away from the heart; to the heart
  • to the heart; away from the heart

Question 4

Question
Capillaries are the site of
Answer
  • blood flow
  • nutrient, gas, waste, and electrolyte exchange
  • deoxidization
  • cellular respiration

Question 5

Question
The two circuits of the cardiovascular system are
Answer
  • auxiliary and immediate
  • chambered and closed
  • systemic and pulmonary
  • large and reoccurring

Question 6

Question
The pulmonary circuit is on the _________ side
Answer
  • right
  • left
  • lateral
  • medial

Question 7

Question
The systemic circuit is on the ________ side
Answer
  • left
  • right
  • lateral
  • medial

Question 8

Question
The pulmonary circuit pumps blood to
Answer
  • heart and lungs
  • heart and rest of the body
  • lungs only
  • liver and spleen

Question 9

Question
The systemic circuit pumps blood to
Answer
  • heart and rest of the body
  • heart and lungs
  • brain and carotid artery
  • extremeties

Question 10

Question
The base of the heart can be defined as
Answer
  • the bottom of the heart
  • area where large blood vessels originate
  • the top of the heart
  • the lateral side of the heart

Question 11

Question
The base of the heart lies at
Answer
  • just below the second rib
  • between the 5th and 6th ribs
  • touching the spleen
  • on the stomach

Question 12

Question
The apex of the heart can be defined as __________________, and lies ____________.
Answer
  • the bottom of the heart; between the 5th and 6th ribs
  • the area where large blood vessels originate, just below the 2nd rib
  • the left side of the heart, touching the spleen
  • the posterior portion of the heart, touching vertebrae.

Question 13

Question
Deoxygenated blood is being pumped _______
Answer
  • to the lungs
  • to the heart from the lungs
  • to the brain
  • to extremeties

Question 14

Question
Oxygenated blood is pumped _______
Answer
  • coming back to heart from lungs
  • to the lungs
  • to the brain
  • to extremeties

Question 15

Question
The heart is bordered laterally by ________, posteriorly by ____________ ___________, and anteriorly by ___________
Answer
  • sternum, lungs, vertebral column
  • lungs, vertebral column, sternum
  • vertebral column, sternum, lungs

Question 16

Question
The pericardium is the
Answer
  • main valve in the heart
  • calcium buildup in heart
  • membrane that covers the heart
  • mechanism that causes the heart to beat

Question 17

Question
The wall of the heart has ____ layers; they are (from outer to inner):
Answer
  • 2; endocardium and myocardium
  • 4; pericardium, myocardium, endocardium, and epicardium
  • 3; epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium
  • 3; endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium

Question 18

Question
Epicardium is the ________ most layer of the heart wall. It's primary function is to __________
Answer
  • inner most; increases blood flow
  • middle; filter blood cells
  • outer; reduce friction via serous membranes

Question 19

Question
The myocardium is the ______ layer of the heart wall. It is composed of
Answer
  • outer layer; serous membranes
  • inner layer; epithelial cells
  • middle layer; cardiac muscle tissue

Question 20

Question
The myocardium is the ______ layer of the heart wall. It is composed of
Answer
  • outer layer; serous membranes
  • inner layer; epithelial cells
  • middle layer; cardiac muscle tissue

Question 21

Question
The endocardium is the ________ most layer of the heart wall; it is composed of
Answer
  • inner; epithelial cells, blood vessels, parajunkie fibers
  • middle; muscle tissue
  • outer; serous membranes

Question 22

Question
Epithelial cells
Answer
  • are responsible for electrical impulses spread throughout the heart
  • line the chambers of the heart
  • protect heart from pathogens
  • reduce friction in heart

Question 23

Question
Purjunkie fibers are
Answer
  • how electrical impulse are spread through the heart
  • line the chambers of the heart
  • reduce friction
  • hold the heart together

Question 24

Question
The heart is comprised of how many chambers?
Answer
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 6

Question 25

Question
The upper chambers of the heart are known as the
Answer
  • Atria (right and left)
  • Auricles (right and left)
  • Ventricles
  • Aorta

Question 26

Question
The lower chambers of the heart are known as
Answer
  • Atria (right and left)
  • Ventricles (right and left)
  • Auricles
  • Aorta

Question 27

Question
Atria are responsible for
Answer
  • forcing blood into corresponding ventricles when they contract
  • pump blood throughout body
  • decrease blood flow
  • slow heart rate

Question 28

Question
Ventricles are responsible for
Answer
  • forcing blood throughout into corresponding atria when they contract
  • pumping blood throughout the entire body
  • separating blood cells
  • clotting

Question 29

Question
Auricles are attached to _________ and increase
Answer
  • atria; blood volume atria can hold
  • ventricles; heart size
  • atrioventricular orifice; blood flow throughout body

Question 30

Question
Auricles are attached to _________ and increase
Answer
  • atria; blood volume atria can hold
  • ventricles; heart size
  • atrioventricular orifice; blood flow throughout body

Question 31

Question
Left and right atria are separated by
Answer
  • Auricles
  • Ventricles
  • Interatrial Septum
  • Atrioventricular Orifice

Question 32

Question
Ventricles are separated by
Answer
  • interatrial septum
  • interventricular septrum
  • atrioventricular orifice
  • AV Valves

Question 33

Question
Atria is separated from the ventricles by
Answer
  • atrioventricular orifice
  • AV valves
  • Auricles
  • interatrial septum

Question 34

Question
The muscular walls of the left ventricle are thicker because:
Answer
  • it holds more blood
  • pumps blood farther than right ventricle
  • more epithelial cells line the left side
  • the left side is smaller

Question 35

Question
Valves of the heart are important for
Answer
  • sorting red blood cells
  • clotting mechanisms
  • preventing "back-wash" from the muscular pumping action

Question 36

Question
The tricuspid valve is the AV valve found on the _______ side of the heart
Answer
  • left
  • right
  • lateral
  • medial

Question 37

Question
The tricuspid valve has _____________ ___________ attached to one end of the cusps, while the other end attach to papillary muscles
Answer
  • blood vessels
  • arteries
  • chordae tendinae
  • mucous membranes

Question 38

Question
The tricuspid valve:
Answer
  • contracts when the right ventricle contracts
  • prevents the tricuspid from swinging into the right atria
  • closure of the right AV valve is passive
  • all of the above

Question 39

Question
The tricuspid valve:
Answer
  • contracts when the right ventricle contracts
  • prevents the tricuspid from swinging into the right atria
  • closure of the right AV valve is passive
  • all of the above

Question 40

Question
The pulmonary valve does not contain
Answer
  • epithelial cells
  • chordae tindineae
  • blood vessels
  • T cells

Question 41

Question
The pulmonary valve
Answer
  • opens as the right ventricle contracts
  • separates right ventricle from pulmonary trunk
  • closes due to blood backing up on it after the right ventricle stops contracting
  • all the above

Question 42

Question
The atrioventricular valve for the left side of the heart is known as the
Answer
  • mitral (bicuspid valve)
  • pulmonary valve
  • tricuspid valve
  • chordae tendineae

Question 43

Question
The mitral valve is responsible for
Answer
  • separating the left atrium from left ventricle, closes passively, and has papillary muscles and chordae tendinae
  • stops blood flow
  • increasing heart rate
  • all the above

Question 44

Question
The contraction of the left ventricle does what?
Answer
  • stops blood flow
  • pumps blood into aorta through aortic valve
  • squeezes blood into capillaries
  • encourages filtration of blood cells

Question 45

Question
The main result of coronary circulation is to
Answer
  • get blood to the brain
  • supply heart tissue with blood
  • pump blood to extremities
  • provide nutrients to body

Question 46

Question
The atria ___________ while the ventricles ____________, and vice versa.
Answer
  • contract; relax
  • stop; start
  • enlarge; decrease

Question 47

Question
The pattern of contraction and relaxation in the heart is known as
Answer
  • coronary circulation
  • the heart cycle
  • cardiac rhythm
  • beating pattern

Question 48

Question
When the atria contract, it is known as _________ __________. When atria relax it is known as ______ ________
Answer
  • atria diastole; atria systole
  • atria systole; atria diastole
  • atrial enlargement; atrial decreasing

Question 49

Question
ventricular contraction is known as ________ ________ ; ventricular relaxation is known as _______ _______
Answer
  • ventricular systole ; ventricular diastole
  • ventricular diastole; ventricular systole
  • ventricular enlargement ; decreasing ventricle

Question 50

Question
During atrial/ventricular systole/diastol cycle, there is a brief _________ period for both ventricles and atria.
Answer
  • contraction
  • relaxation (diastole)
  • spasm
  • acceleration

Question 51

Question
High blood pressure causes the heart to
Answer
  • beat slower
  • work harder
  • beat faster
  • stop

Question 52

Question
During the cardiac cycle, pressure __________ and __________ within the chambers of the heart
Answer
  • begins and ends
  • rises and falls
  • stops and starts

Question 53

Question
Changes in pressure in the heart result in
Answer
  • decreased blood flow
  • acceleration of heartbeat
  • opening and closing of the valves
  • cardiac arrest

Question 54

Question
During diastole, pressure is _______ which allows blood from areas of _____ pressure to come in
Answer
  • high; lower
  • low; higher
  • pressure does not affect this.

Question 55

Question
During systole, pressure is _______ and blood will push valves open and move to _______ areas
Answer
  • higher; lower
  • lower; higher
  • this does not affect pressure.

Question 56

Question
When the ventricles contract, pressure is greater in the _______ than the ________
Answer
  • arteries; ventricles
  • ventricles; arteries
  • aorta; auricle
  • left chamber; right chamber

Question 57

Question
The sound the heart makes is:
Answer
  • thump
  • pitter patter
  • lubb-dupp
  • click

Question 58

Question
The "lubb" sound occurs during __________, which results in the closing of the AV valves
Answer
  • ventricular diastole
  • ventricular systole
  • atrial diastole
  • atrial systole

Question 59

Question
The "dubb" sound of a heartbeat occurs during ___________, which is the result of the pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves closing
Answer
  • ventricular diastole
  • ventricular systole
  • atrial diastole
  • atrial systole

Question 60

Question
Heart sounds can indicate problems such as
Answer
  • cardiac arrest
  • clogged arteries
  • heart murmurs
  • decreased blood flow

Question 61

Question
The key parts of the cardiac conduction system are:
Answer
  • Sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, Atrioventricular (AV) bundle, and Purkinje fibers
  • ventricles and atria
  • atria and auricles
  • blood vessels and heart

Question 62

Question
The SA node is known as the
Answer
  • blood flow regulator
  • filtration center
  • oxygen receptor
  • pacemaker

Question 63

Question
The SA reaches __________ _________ on its own
Answer
  • purkinje fibers
  • AV valve
  • threshold stimulus
  • aortic valve

Question 64

Question
The SA node is responsible for
Answer
  • white blood cell production
  • cardiac tissue development
  • pumping blood
  • rhythmic activity

Question 65

Question
SA node causes the _________ to contract almost simultaneously
Answer
  • ventricles
  • atria
  • auricles
  • AV valve

Question 66

Question
The AV node __________ impulse further allowing ________ to completely contract.
Answer
  • quickens; atria
  • quickens; ventricle
  • slows; atria
  • slows; ventricle

Question 67

Question
The AV bundles _________
Answer
  • branch into left and right AV bundles
  • stop contraction of atria
  • cause blow flow to increase
  • produce rhythm of heartbeat

Question 68

Question
Purkinje fibers
Answer
  • carry impulse very quickly to distant regions of ventricles, so that the ventricles contract as a functional unit
  • stop electrical impulse
  • cause increased heartbeat
  • contract atrial walls

Question 69

Question
The correct order for chain of impulse during cardiac conduction system is:
Answer
  • ventricular syncticum, purkinje fibers, av bundle, av node, sa node
  • purkinje fibers, ventricular syncticum, av valve, sa node, av bundle
  • av bundle, sa node, av valve, ventricular syncticum, purkinje fibers
  • sa node, av node, av bundle, purkinje fibers, ventricular syncticum

Question 70

Question
The junctional fibers are _________, therefore _________ electrical impulse.
Answer
  • wide; increasing
  • wide; slowing
  • narrow; increasing
  • narrow; slowing

Question 71

Question
_________ record changes in electrical potential during the cardiac cycle.
Answer
  • PKG
  • ECG
  • PET scan
  • MRI scan

Question 72

Question
Electrocardiograms produce several waves; these are:
Answer
  • A, B, C, D
  • P, Q, R, S, T
  • 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
  • Z, Y, X, W, V

Question 73

Question
The ______ waves of an electrocardiogram combine to make up the ______ ________
Answer
  • QRS; QRS complex
  • 123; 123 complex
  • ZYX; ZYX complex

Question 74

Question
Large electrical changes in an electrocardiogram show up as a ________
Answer
  • inflection
  • deflection
  • spasm
  • murmur

Question 75

Question
P wave is a result of
Answer
  • atrial polarization
  • atrial depolarization
  • atrial repolarization
  • ventricular systole

Question 76

Question
The P wave in an ECG leads to
Answer
  • ventricular systole
  • atrial diastole
  • atrial systole
  • ventricular dyastole

Question 77

Question
The QRS complex is a result of
Answer
  • ventricular polarization
  • ventricular depolarization
  • atrial depolarization
  • atrial systole

Question 78

Question
The QRS wave occurs just before
Answer
  • ventricular contraction
  • ventricular dilation
  • atrial contraction
  • atrial dilation

Question 79

Question
Due to the QRS complex, repolarization of the atria is
Answer
  • quickened
  • obscured
  • impossible

Question 80

Question
Repolarization ECG wave begins at
Answer
  • apex of QRS complex
  • low point of QRS complex

Question 81

Question
The _____ wave is a result of ventricular repolarization
Answer
  • Q
  • R
  • S
  • T

Question 82

Question
The T wave takes longer to produce, seeing as
Answer
  • ventricle walls are shorter
  • ventricle walls are longer
  • ventricle walls are larger
  • ventricle walls are stronger

Question 83

Question
Factors that affect the cardiac control system are
Answer
  • parasympathetic fibers, sympathetic fibers, and barioreceptors
  • blood pressure
  • blood flow
  • blood volume

Question 84

Question
vagus nerves are _________ and originate in ______ and terminate in _____
Answer
  • parasympathetic; SA node; medulla oblongata
  • parasympathetic; medulla oblongata; SA node
  • sympathetic; heart; brain
  • sympathetic; liver; extremities

Question 85

Question
Vagus nerves can both increase and decrease _____________ ________ through _____________.
Answer
  • blood flow; lysosomes
  • clotting factors; calcium
  • heart rate; acetylcholine

Question 86

Question
Accelerator nerves are ________, and increase heart rate though _________
Answer
  • parasympathetic; acetylcholine
  • parasympathetic; norepinephrine
  • sympathetic; acetylcholine
  • sympathetic; norepinephrine

Question 87

Question
Barioreceptors are also known as
Answer
  • calcium receptors
  • plasma receptors
  • stretch receptors
  • rhythm receptors

Question 88

Question
Barioreceptors are part of
Answer
  • cardioinhibitor and cardioaccelerator reflex centers
  • muscle fibers
  • cardiac tissue
  • cardiovascular system

Question 89

Question
Baroreceptors arise from
Answer
  • atria
  • ventricles
  • medulla oblongata
  • SA node

Question 90

Question
Baroreceptors are responsible for
Answer
  • maintaing balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
  • regulation of blood flow
  • increased heart rate
  • all the above

Question 91

Question
The aorta and carotid arteries utilize baroreceptors to
Answer
  • increase pressure
  • decrease pressure
  • accelerate heart rate
  • decrease heart rate

Question 92

Question
Stretch receptors are located in the
Answer
  • venae cavae
  • aorta
  • atrium
  • ventricles

Question 93

Question
Increase in pressure causes increased heart rate and force of contraction because
Answer
  • the heart is beating very weakly due to blood backup in the venae cavae.
  • the heart is beating strongly due to blood backup in the venae cavae.

Question 94

Question
Impulses from the cerebrum or hypothalamus:
Answer
  • decrease, causing fainting
  • increase, causing anxiety
  • both

Question 95

Question
An increase in temperature causes an increase in _________ ______ and vice versa.
Answer
  • heart rate
  • blood flow
  • oxygen levels

Question 96

Question
Baroreceptors also influence ______ changes; such as ______ and ________
Answer
  • blood cell; red and white
  • ion; sodium and potassium
  • oxygen; deoxygenation and oxygenation

Question 97

Question
________ ________ form a closed circuit of tubes carrying blood AWAY from the heart and then back.
Answer
  • cardiac system
  • blood vessels
  • large capillaries
  • pulmonary system

Question 98

Question
Blood vessels include:
Answer
  • aorta, pulmonary veins
  • arteries, arterioles, metartioles, capillaries, veinules, veins
  • veins and veinules

Question 99

Question
Arteries and arterioles (and metarterioles) conduct blood __________ from _______ and lead to ______
Answer
  • away; capillaries; ventricles
  • away; ventricles; capillaries
  • away; aorta; tricuspid valve
  • away; venules; veins

Question 100

Question
The sites of substance exchange between the blood and body cells are
Answer
  • Venules
  • Veins
  • Arteries
  • Capillaries

Question 101

Question
Venules and veins return blood from ________ to _______
Answer
  • atria; capillaries
  • capillaries; atria
  • blood vessels; capillaries
  • capillaries; blood vessels

Question 102

Question
The portion of the arteriole that leads to capillary beds is known as
Answer
  • metarterioles
  • capillaries
  • veins
  • venule

Question 103

Question
Capillaries are the _____ diameter blood vessel
Answer
  • smallest
  • largest

Question 104

Question
Cappillaries are responsible for connecting ________ to _________
Answer
  • veins ; venules
  • arterioles ; veins
  • arterioles; venules
  • veins; arterioles

Question 105

Question
Structurally speaking, capillaries are extensions of the ________ of arterioles
Answer
  • veins
  • endothelium
  • arteries

Question 106

Question
________ in capillary walls permits for capillary permeability
Answer
  • holes
  • slits
  • valves
  • depressions

Question 107

Question
The "slits" in the capillaries are where cells
Answer
  • build up
  • overlap
  • are not present
  • die

Question 108

Question
Capillary permeability is conducive to ________. Muscle tissues have ____ capillary openings, while liver and red bone marrow have _________ capillary openings
Answer
  • size of organ; large; small
  • size of organ; small; large
  • function; large; small
  • function; small; large

Question 109

Question
Why are slits in muscle tissue capillaries smaller?
Answer
  • muscle tissue needs oxygen
  • muscle tissue needs less nutrients
  • muscle tissue does not need as much aid from capillaries as other organs do

Question 110

Question
Arteries are
Answer
  • weak; break easily
  • weak; yet elastic
  • strong; yet break easily
  • strong; elastic

Question 111

Question
Arteries contain ____ layers:
Answer
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4

Question 112

Question
The three layers of the artery from outermost to innermost are:
Answer
  • Tunica media, tunica interna, tunica externa
  • Tunica intera, tunica externa, tunica media
  • Tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intera

Question 113

Question
The tunica interna contains
Answer
  • platelets
  • calcium deposits
  • phagocytes
  • endothelium

Question 114

Question
The tunica media contains ________ and which ____________/_________ blood vessels
Answer
  • elastic connective tissue; dilates; constricts
  • smooth muscle; constricts; dilates
  • plasmids; dilates; constricts

Question 115

Question
Collagenous fibers are found in the ______ _____ layer of the artery, these allow for added _______
Answer
  • tunica interna; strength
  • tunica externa; elasticity
  • tunica media; elasticity
  • tunica media; strength

Question 116

Question
The tunica externa contains _____ __ and houses ____ ______
Answer
  • smooth muscle; vasa vasorum
  • connective tissue; blood cells
  • connective tissue; vasa vasorum
  • elastic connective tissue; vasa vasorum

Question 117

Question
The _________ __________, located in the tunica externa region of the artery, are small blood vessels that nourish smooth muscle layers of fibers.
Answer
  • vasa vasorum
  • connective tissue
  • endothelial tissue
  • collagenous fibers

Question 118

Question
The function of _________ in artery walls is so that blood can have a smooth surface to flow through, cutting down damage to blood cells.
Answer
  • elastic connective tissue
  • endothelium
  • connective tissue
  • vasa vasorum

Question 119

Question
Endothelium in arteries secrete chemicals to inhibit
Answer
  • blood flow
  • clotting
  • platelet coagulation

Question 120

Question
Endothelium in arteries uses _______ ______ to cause dilation/constriction of blood vessels
Answer
  • blood flow
  • nitrous oxide
  • sulfur phosphate

Question 121

Question
Smooth muscles of arteries and arterioles are innervated by sympathetic motor fibers, known as:
Answer
  • parasympathetic fibers
  • sympathetic fibers
  • vasomotor fibers
  • elastic fibers

Question 122

Question
Vasomotor fibers stimulate contraction of smooth muscle fibers in arterial walls. This is known as
Answer
  • smooth muscle constriction
  • smooth muscle contraction
  • vasoconstriction
  • vasocontraction

Question 123

Question
When impulse of vasomotor fibers is interrupted, it causes relaxation of muscles, known as
Answer
  • vasoconstriction
  • vasocontraction
  • vasodilatation

Question 124

Question
Vasoconstriction and vasodilation have opposing effects on
Answer
  • blood flow
  • blood pressure
  • heart rate

Question 125

Question
Exchange in the capillaries occurs via
Answer
  • diffusion
  • osmosis
  • filtration
  • all the above

Question 126

Question
Capillaries use __________ as the primary mode of exchange
Answer
  • diffusion
  • osmosis
  • filtration

Question 127

Question
In capillaries, if a molecule is lipid soluble it diffuses through ______ ________. If the molecule is water soluble, it goes through __________ _________.
Answer
  • capillary slits; cell membrane.
  • cell membrane; capillary slits.
  • both diffuse through cell membrane
  • both diffuse through capillary slits

Question 128

Question
Plasma proteins tend to not leave the capillaries, resulting in:
Answer
  • hydrostatic pressure
  • increased blood flow
  • colloid osmotic pressure
  • decreased blood flow

Question 129

Question
Colloid osmotic pressure is responsible for
Answer
  • blood pressure
  • drawing water in
  • increased blood flow

Question 130

Question
Hydrostatic pressure results in the filtration of ______ molecules (like water)
Answer
  • small
  • large
  • heavy
  • rigid

Question 131

Question
Blood pressure __________ the ______ _________ ____ the heart you get
Answer
  • increases; further away from
  • decreases; further away from

Question 132

Question
Veins tend to follow a path _____ to arteries
Answer
  • vertical
  • parallel
  • there is no set path

Question 133

Question
While veins are similar to arteries, the major difference between the two is that:
Answer
  • veins are larger
  • veins have valves, that prevent back flow of blood
  • veins hold less blood
  • all the above

Question 134

Question
Veins do not have the _______ that arteries do; there is approximately ____ % blood pressure acting on veins
Answer
  • strength; 10%
  • elasticity; 0%
  • rigidity; 20%
  • volume; 100%

Question 135

Question
The primary source of moving blood from veins is
Answer
  • skeletal muscle contractions
  • smooth muscle contractions
  • dilated vessels
  • increased oxygen

Question 136

Question
___________ can be used as blood reservoirs by contracting due to sympathetic muscles in their lining causing them to maintain blood pressure and volume by increasing the amount of blood being returned to the heart.
Answer
  • Arteries
  • Capillaries
  • Venules
  • Veins

Question 137

Question
The force exerted by the blood on walls of the blood vessels is known as
Answer
  • Blood pressure
  • constriction
  • dilation
  • vasodilation

Question 138

Question
Blood pressure refers to the pressure in
Answer
  • veins
  • venules
  • capillaries
  • systemic arteries

Question 139

Question
Systolic blood pressure is during
Answer
  • atrial systole
  • atrial diastole
  • ventricular systole
  • ventricular diastole

Question 140

Question
Diastolic blood pressure occurs during
Answer
  • atrial systole
  • atrial diastole
  • ventricular systole
  • ventricular diastole

Question 141

Question
Blood vessels expand and recoil, resulting in
Answer
  • heartbeat
  • increased blood flow
  • decreased blood flow
  • pulse

Question 142

Question
The first beat you hear when taking blood pressure is the ________ blood pressure; the last beat you hear is the _________ blood pressure.
Answer
  • diastolic; systolic
  • high; low
  • systolic; diastolic
  • low; high

Question 143

Question
The factor(s) that affect blood pressure are
Answer
  • heart action (stroke volume and rate)
  • blood volume
  • resistance to flow
  • blood viscosity
  • all the above

Question 144

Question
_____________ ___________ determines blood volume entering arterial system
Answer
  • Blood pressure
  • Ventricular contraction
  • heart rate
  • oxygen levels

Question 145

Question
If cardiac output increases, then ________ ______ increases and vice versa
Answer
  • blood pressure
  • blood flow
  • heart rate
  • energy levels

Question 146

Question
The ___________ ________ is equal to the sum of all formed elements and plasma volume in vascular system (about 8%)
Answer
  • blood pressure
  • red blood cell count
  • white blood cell count
  • blood volume

Question 147

Question
Blood pressure is directly proportional to
Answer
  • red blood cell count
  • oxygen levels
  • heart rate
  • blood volume

Question 148

Question
How easily the molecules in a fluid flow past one another is known as the
Answer
  • texture
  • formula
  • viscosity

Question 149

Question
__________ _______ and __________ ________ increase viscosity
Answer
  • red blood cells and white blood cells
  • oxygen levels and iron levels
  • blood cells and plasma proteins
  • heart rate and calcium levels

Question 150

Question
__________ ________ rises with an increase in viscosity; Normal blood has a ________ viscosity
Answer
  • heart rate; thin
  • blood levels; normal
  • blood pressure; normal
  • blood levels; thick

Question 151

Question
_________ ____________ is the friction between the blood vessel wall and the blood
Answer
  • blood friction
  • peripheral resistance
  • blood pressure
  • hemaglobic friction

Question 152

Question
Anything that alters peripheral resistance also affects _______ ______________
Answer
  • blood levels
  • blood pressure
  • heart rate
  • blood flow

Question 153

Question
BP= ________ ________ x ___________ ___________
Answer
  • blood levels; blood flow
  • cell count; heart rate
  • blood levels; heart rate
  • cardiac output; peripheral resistance

Question 154

Question
_________ __________ is the difference between end-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume
Answer
  • cardiac output
  • blood pressure
  • blood flow
  • stroke volume

Question 155

Question
Factors that affect stroke volume are:
Answer
  • Mechanical
  • Neural
  • Chemical
  • All the above
  • None of these

Question 156

Question
The amount of blood that gets back into the ventricles is known as
Answer
  • ventricle blood return
  • venous return
  • blood back flow
  • veinous backflow

Question 157

Question
Normally, only about ______% of EDV is pumped out in a single contraction
Answer
  • 20%
  • 30%
  • 60%
  • 75%

Question 158

Question
____________ stimulation can increase the strength of ventricular contraction and increase stroke volume
Answer
  • parasympathetic
  • sympathetic
  • cardiac
  • pulse

Question 159

Question
The stretching of the myocardial fibers in the ventricles is known as
Answer
  • preload
  • mechanical stretching
  • cardiac pulling
  • cardostretch

Question 160

Question
A higher EDV will result in a greater _______
Answer
  • stroke volume
  • cardiac output
  • blood flow
  • preload

Question 161

Question
The increase in venous return, resulting in the increase in preload, resulting in the increase in cardiac output helps ensure that
Answer
  • blood circulates quickly
  • the blood leaving the heart equals the blood entering the heart
  • blood still flows to the head

Question 162

Question
The amount of blood left in the ventricles after contraction depends on
Answer
  • preload
  • contractility
  • afterload
  • all the above

Question 163

Question
_____________ is the amount of force for a contraction at a given preload
Answer
  • cardiac output
  • EDV
  • ESV
  • contractility

Question 164

Question
Contractility is influenced by ____________ stimulation and ________
Answer
  • parasympathetic; hormones
  • sympathetic; hormones
  • ESV; chemicals

Question 165

Question
The amount of force needed to open semilunar valves to eject blood is known as
Answer
  • preload
  • contractility
  • afterload
  • ESV

Question 166

Question
Afterload is increased by
Answer
  • increased contractility
  • decreased contractility
  • increased arterial pressure
  • decreased arterial pressure

Question 167

Question
Afterload leads to a _________ in stroke volume, therefore an ________ in ESV
Answer
  • decrease; decrease
  • decrease; increase
  • increase; decrease
  • increase; increase

Question 168

Question
The reflex that decreases blood pressure is known as
Answer
  • Cardioaccelerator reflex
  • Cardioinhibitor reflex
  • blood volume reflex
  • cardioflow reflex

Question 169

Question
The reflex that involves sympathetic impulses going to the SA nodes, in turn increasing heart rate is
Answer
  • Cardioinhibitor reflex
  • Cardiovascular reflex
  • Cardioaccelerator reflex
  • blood flow reflex

Question 170

Question
Increases in heart rate can increase _________ ______ and _______ ________
Answer
  • blood flow; blood pressure
  • blood levels; blood flow
  • blood pressure; cardiac output
  • cardiac output; blood flow

Question 171

Question
Factors that can increase heart rate are
Answer
  • epinephrine
  • emotions
  • exercise
  • rise in body temperature
  • all of the above

Question 172

Question
Arteriole diameter can influence
Answer
  • heart rate
  • blood pressure
  • peripheral resistance
  • cardioaccelerator reflex

Question 173

Question
Decreases in diameter of arterioles results in
Answer
  • decreased peripheral resistance
  • increased peripheral resistance

Question 174

Question
Anything that results in vasoconstriction increases
Answer
  • blood flow
  • peripheral resistance
  • blood pressure
  • heart rate

Question 175

Question
The vasomotor center is located in the __________ ________ and sends _______ signals to ________ muscles of arterioles
Answer
  • pulmonary arteries; parasympathetic; rough
  • pulmonary arteries; sympathetic; smooth
  • medulla oblongata; parasympathetic; smooth
  • medulla oblongata; sympathetic; smooth

Question 176

Question
The chemicals responsible for affecting precapillary sphincters and smooth muscles or arteriole and metarteriole walls are
Answer
  • CO2
  • O2
  • H+
  • all the above

Question 177

Question
Nitric oxide and bradykinin are considered
Answer
  • vasodilators
  • vasoconstrictors

Question 178

Question
Angiotensin and endothelin are considered
Answer
  • vasodilators
  • vasoconstrictors

Question 179

Question
Little _________ is found in the veins and venules
Answer
  • blood
  • pressure
  • clotting
  • plasma

Question 180

Question
Blood movement depends on not only the heart, but
Answer
  • skeletal muscle action
  • breathing movements
  • vasoconstriction of veins
  • all the above

Question 181

Question
During respiration:
Answer
  • pressure of thoracic cavity is reduced
  • Pressure in abdominal cavity increases
  • blood is squeezed from abdominal to thoracic veins
  • all the above

Question 182

Question
When venous pressure is low, ________ signals stimulate the contraction of smooth muscles in the walls of the veins
Answer
  • sympathetic
  • parasympathetic

Question 183

Question
Vasoconstriction maintains
Answer
  • blood flow
  • venous return
  • heart rate

Question 184

Question
Blood returns to the pulmonary circuit via
Answer
  • pulmonary arteries
  • pulmonary veins
  • cardiac veins
  • cardiac arteries

Question 185

Question
The arterial system carries blood _____ _____ the heart. Starts in ______ ends in _____ and ______.
Answer
  • away from; aorta; toes; head
  • closer to; head; aorta; toes
  • away from; left ventricle; head; toes
  • closer to; aorta; head; toes.

Question 186

Question
All veins except pulmonary veins empty in the _______ atria
Answer
  • right
  • left

Question 187

Question
The pressure in the right atria is known as
Answer
  • right atrial pressure
  • central pressure
  • central venous pressure
  • right central venous pressure

Question 188

Question
Central venous pressure can influence pressure in
Answer
  • left arterial veins
  • right arterial veins
  • carotid artery
  • peripheral veins

Question 189

Question
Subclavian and common carotid arteries supply blood to
Answer
  • spleen and liver
  • brain, head, neck
  • toes and lower extremities
  • stomach and kidneys

Question 190

Question
Divisions of subclavian arteries include
Answer
  • vertebral arteries, thyrocervical arteries, and costocervical arteries
  • internal carotid arteries, external carotid arteries
  • thoracic and splenic arteries

Question 191

Question
Common carotid arteries include
Answer
  • internal carotid arteries
  • external carotid arteries
  • both
  • neither

Question 192

Question
Vertebral arteries come together to form
Answer
  • subclavian arteries
  • basilar artery
  • internal carotid arteries
  • cerebral arteries

Question 193

Question
The basilar artery branches to
Answer
  • cervix
  • pons, midbrain, cerebellum
  • liver

Question 194

Question
The vertebral arteries also divide into two posterior ______ arteries, which supply blood to parts of the temporal and occipital lobe
Answer
  • cerebral
  • basilar
  • carotid
  • femoral

Question 195

Question
What arteries provide blood to the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, larynx, trachea, esophagus, pharynx, and muscles of neck, shoulder, and back?
Answer
  • costocervical arteries
  • basilar arteries
  • vertebral arteries
  • thryocervical arteries

Question 196

Question
What arteries are LAST to branch from the subclavian divisions, and supply blood to the muscles in neck, back, and thoracic walls?
Answer
  • Costocervical
  • Thyrocervical
  • Vertebral

Question 197

Question
The external common carotid artery divides into the superior thyroid artery, lingual artery, facial artery, occipital artery, and posterior auricular artery just above the ______ border
Answer
  • subclavian
  • laryngeal
  • cardiac
  • esophageal

Question 198

Question
The external carotid artery ends by dividing into the
Answer
  • superior thyroid artery
  • maxillary and superficial temporal arteries
  • occipital artery
  • posterior auricular artery

Question 199

Question
The internal carotid artery is the major blood supply for the
Answer
  • brain
  • neck
  • heart
  • stomach

Question 200

Question
Major branches of the internal carotid artery include
Answer
  • ophthalmic artery, posterior communicating artery, anterior choroid artery
  • superior thyroid artery, lingual artery
  • maxillary artery, superficial temporal artery

Question 201

Question
At the base of the internal carotid arteries is
Answer
  • apex of heart
  • larynx
  • esophagus
  • coronary sinus

Question 202

Question
The ________ artery passes between the clavicle and first rib and becomes part axillary artery
Answer
  • carotid
  • lingual
  • maxillary
  • subclavian

Question 203

Question
The subclavian artery provides blood to
Answer
  • face
  • skin of shoulder, part of mammary gland, proximal end of humorous, muscles of back, shoulder, and chest
  • hands

Question 204

Question
The subclavian artery becomes the ________ artery as it leaves the axilla
Answer
  • temporal
  • mammilary
  • brachial
  • humoral

Question 205

Question
The radial artery
Answer
  • is a great place to find pulse
  • provides blood to entire arm
  • is very thin

Question 206

Question
Where does the internal thoracic artery derive from?
Answer
  • thoracic aorta
  • subclavian artery
  • iliac artery

Question 207

Question
The posterial intercostals comes from
Answer
  • thoracic aorta
  • subclavian artery
  • thoracic artery

Question 208

Question
The abdominal aorta divides to form what?
Answer
  • iliac arteries
  • subclavian arteries
  • thoracic arteries

Question 209

Question
The iliac arteries divides into
Answer
  • internal iliac artery and external iliac artery
  • posterior and anterior iliac arteries
  • medial and lateral iliac arteries

Question 210

Question
The iliolumbar artery, superior and inferior gluteal arteries, internal pudendal artery, superior and inferior vesical arteries, middle rectal artery, and uterine artery are all derivatives of
Answer
  • external iliac artery
  • internal iliac artery
  • subclavian artery
  • popliteal artery

Question 211

Question
The external iliac artery becomes
Answer
  • femoral artery
  • subclavian artery
  • pulmonary artery

Question 212

Question
The superficial circumflex iliac artery, superficial epigastric artery, superficial and deep external prudendal arteries, deep femoral artery, and deep genicular artery are derivatives of
Answer
  • the popliteal artery
  • femoral artery
  • carotid artery
  • subclavian artery

Question 213

Question
The femoral artery becomes the __________ artery, which supplies the ________ and muscles of the ________ and calf with blood.
Answer
  • subclavian; elbow; gluteus
  • popliteal; knee; thigh
  • thoracic; stomach; knee

Question 214

Question
The popliteal artery divides into
Answer
  • anterior and posterior tibial arteries
  • anterior and posterior popliteal arteries
  • major and minor femoral arteries

Question 215

Question
The popliteal artery divides into
Answer
  • anterior and posterior tibial arteries
  • anterior and posterior popliteal arteries
  • major and minor femoral arteries

Question 216

Question
The anterior tibial artery branches to ________, while the posterior tibial artery branches to _______
Answer
  • calf, anterior and lateral portions of leg
  • anterior and lateral portions of leg, calf.

Question 217

Question
The anterior tibial artery branches to
Answer
  • fibular artery
  • plantar arteries
  • dorsalis pedis artery

Question 218

Question
The posterior tibial artery branches to
Answer
  • fibular branch
  • plantar arteries
  • dorsalis pedis artery
  • A & B

Question 219

Question
The venous system
Answer
  • carries blood from the heart
  • returns blood to the heart

Question 220

Question
________ system pathways are difficult to follow
Answer
  • venous
  • capillary
  • artery

Question 221

Question
Blood veins of the systemic circuit converge into two major pathways
Answer
  • major and minor venae cavae
  • superior and inferior venae cavae
  • anterior and posterior venae cavae

Question 222

Question
External _________ veins drain blood from the face, scalp, and superficial regions of the neck, and empty into right and left _______ veins.
Answer
  • subclavian; jugular
  • jugular; subclavian
  • subclavian; carotid
  • carotid; jugular

Question 223

Question
Internal _________ veins drain blood from brain and veins in the face and neck and empties into _________ veins.
Answer
  • jugular; subclavian
  • subclavian; jugular
  • carotid; subclavian
  • subclavian; carotid

Question 224

Question
The union of the internal jugular and subclavian makes the ________ veins, which empty into the _________ _______ ______
Answer
  • superior vena cava; brachiocephalic
  • brachiocephalic; supera vena cava
  • brachiocephalic; common carotid artery
  • pulmonary veins; common carotid artery

Question 225

Question
Radial and ulnar veins merge to form
Answer
  • brachial veins
  • subclavian veins
  • popliteal veins

Question 226

Question
Deep venous drainage veins are
Answer
  • radial and ulnar
  • basilic and cephalic
  • cubital

Question 227

Question
Superficial venous drainage veins are
Answer
  • radial and ulnar
  • basilic and cephalic
  • medial cubital

Question 228

Question
The normal site of venipuncture is
Answer
  • brachiocephalic vein
  • medial cubital vein
  • basilic vein
  • radial vein

Question 229

Question
The internal thoracic and intercostal veins drain into
Answer
  • basilic vein
  • subclavian vein
  • brachiocephalic vein
  • jugular vein

Question 230

Question
The posterior intercostal veins, superior and inferior hemiazygos vein, and ascending lumbar vein all drain into
Answer
  • brachiocephalic vein
  • subclavian vein
  • azygos vein
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