Question 1
Question
Which is true of anxiety and fear?
Answer
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FEAR is the body’s response to a vague sense of being in danger
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ANXIETY is the body’s response to a vague sense of being in danger
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FEAR prepares us for action
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ANXIETY increases respiration, perspiration, muscle tension, and others
Question 2
Question
Most individuals with one anxiety disorder also suffer from a second one
Question 3
Question
Check all that are DSM-5 Anxiety Disorders
Question 4
Question
Anxiety also plays a major role in which different groups of problems?
Question 5
Question
Which is FALSE of generalized anxiety disorders?
Answer
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Common in Western society
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About one-fourth in treatment
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Men diagnosed more often than women (2:1)
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Usually first appears in childhood or adolescence
Question 6
Question
Which perspective theorized excessive childhood neurotic or moral anxiety sets stage for GAD
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Cognitive
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Humanistic
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Biological
Question 7
Question
Which perspective used general techniques like free association, transference, resistance, and dreams
to treat all psychological problems?
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Cognitive
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Humanistic
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Biological
Question 8
Question
Which perspective used object-relations therapists to help patients identify and settle early relationship problems to treat GAD
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Cognitive
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Humanistic
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Biological
Question 9
Question
Which perspective says GAD arises when people stop looking at themselves honestly and acceptingly
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Cognitive
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Humanistic
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Biological
Question 10
Question
Which perspective uses client-centered therapy and unconditional positive regard to treat GAD.
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Cognitive
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Humantisic
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Behavioral
Question 11
Question
Which perspective says psychological problems are often caused by dysfunctional ways of thinking – including excessive worry and maladaptive assumptions.
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Cognitive
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Humanistic
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Behavioral
Question 12
Question
Which new wave cognitive theory states certain individuals consider it unacceptable that negative events may occur, even if the possibility is very small; they worry in an effort to find “correct” solutions
Question 13
Question
Which new wave cognitive theory suggests that the most problematic assumptions in GAD are the individual’s worry about worrying (METAWORRY)
Question 14
Question
Which new wave cognitive theory holds that worrying serves a “positive” function for those with GAD by reducing unusually high levels of bodily arousal
Question 15
Question
Which perspective treats GAD by breaking down worrying by helping them to recognize their inclination to worry
and helping clients to become aware of streams of thoughts, including worries, and to accept these as mind events (Mindfulness-Based Acceptance Therapy)
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Cognitive
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Humanistic
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Biological
Question 16
Question
Which perspective believe that GAD is caused primarily by biological factors like competing explanation of shared environment involving GABA inactivity
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Cognitive
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Humanistic
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Biological
Question 17
Question
The circuit in the brain that helps produce anxiety reactions includes areas such as the
Answer
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amygdala
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prefrontal cortex
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anterior cingulate
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hippocampus
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cerebellum
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hypothalamus
Question 18
Question
Which perspective treats GAD with anti anxiety drug therapy and relaxation techniques
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Cognitive
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Humanistic
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Biological
Question 19
Question
Phobias are persistent and unreasonable fears of particular objects, activities, or situations and often involve avoidance of the object or thoughts about it
Question 20
Question
Most people seek treatment for phobias
Question 21
Question
Which is true of agoraphobia
Answer
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People with agoraphobia are afraid of being in situations where escape might be difficult, should they experience panic or become incapacitated.
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Many people with agoraphobia avoid crowded places, driving, and public transportation
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In any given year, 2.2 percent of adults experience this problem, women twice as frequently as men.
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The disorder also is twice as common among wealthy people vs. poor ones.
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three-fifths of people agoraphobia are in treatment.
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Many also are prone to experience extreme and sudden explosions of fear – called “PANIC ATTACKS” – and may receive a second diagnosis of panic disorder
Question 22
Question
Which phobia develops through a process of learning in which two events that repeatedly occur close together in time become tied together in a person’s mind and so produce the same response.
Answer
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Classical conditioning
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Modeling
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Stimulus generalization
Question 23
Question
Which phobia develops through a process of learning in which a person observes and then imitates others. Also, a therapy approach based on the same principle.
Answer
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Classical conditioning
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Modeling
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Stimulus generalization
Question 24
Question
Which phobia develops through a phenomenon in which responses to one stimulus are also produced by similar stimuli.
Answer
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Classical conditioning
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Modeling
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Stimulus generalization
Question 25
Question
What perspective is also called “PREPAREDNESS” because human beings are theoretically more “prepared” to acquire some phobias than others
Question 26
Question
Which treatment of phobias teaches relaxation skills, create fear hierarchy, and pair relaxation with the feared objects or situations
Question 27
Question
Which treatment of phobias involves forced nongradual exposure
Question 28
Question
Which treatment of phobias involves the therapist confronting the feared object while the fearful person observes
Question 29
Question
What is the most common and effective treatment for agoraphobia
Question 30
Question
Which of the following about agoraphobia treatments is FALSE
Answer
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Therapists help clients venture farther and farther from their homes to confront the outside world.
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Therapists use techniques similar to those used for treating a specific phobia but, in addition, use support groups and home-based self-help programs.
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Between 60-80 percent of clients with agoraphobia who receive treatment find it easier to enter public places, and the improvement lasts for years.
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Improvements are often complete, and relapses are uncommon.
Question 31
Question
Select all that can help treat social anxiety
Question 32
Question
Which statement is FALSE
Answer
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Unlike specific phobias, social fears are often reduced through MEDICATION (particularly antidepressants).
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Several types of PSYCHOTHERAPY have proved at least as effective as medication.
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People treated with psychotherapy are more likely to relapse than people treated with drugs alone.
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All are true
Question 33
Question
Panic attacks are periodic, short bouts of panic that occur suddenly, reach a peak within 10 minutes, and gradually pass
Question 34
Question
Which of the following statements about panic disorders are FALSE
Answer
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Has different prevalence across various cultures and racial groups
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Tends to develop in late adolescence and early adulthood
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Is twice as likely to occur in women than men
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Is 50 percent more likely to appear in poor people than wealthier people
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Is often accompanied by agoraphobia
Question 35
Question
Which perspective uses drug therapies to treat panic disorders?
Answer
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Cognitive
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Biological
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Humanistic
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Behavioral
Question 36
Question
Which perspective describes panic disorders as the tendency to focus on one’s bodily sensations, assess them illogically, and interpret them as harmful
Answer
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Cognitive
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Biological
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Behavioral
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Humanistic
Question 37
Question
What panic disorder treatment is used to produce panic in participants or clients by having them exercise vigorously or perform some other potentially panic-inducing task in presence of researcher or therapist such as jumping up and down, running up a flight of steps, and practicing coping strategies and making more accurate interpretations.
Answer
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Biological Challenge Procedures
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Behavioral Challenge Procedures
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Cognitive Challenge Procedures
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Humanistic Challenge Procedures
Question 38
Question
Mark all that is true of OCD
Answer
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Person has recurrent and unwanted thoughts, a drive to perform repetitive and rigid actions, or both.
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It is estimated that more than 40% of those with OCD seek treatment
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It is more common in women than men
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Between 1 and 2 percent of U.S. population suffer from OCD in a given year; as many as 3 percent over a lifetime
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Occurrence of repeated obsessions, compulsions, or both
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Minimal distress or impairment
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The obsessions or compulsions take up considerable time
Question 39
Question
OBSESSIONS are repetitive and rigid behaviors or mental acts that people feel they must perform to prevent or reduce anxiety
Question 40
Question
Which is true of OBSESSIONS?
Answer
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Thoughts that feel both intrusive and foreign
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Attempts to ignore or resist them trigger anxiety
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Have common themes
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Voluntary behaviors or mental acts feel mandatory/unstoppable
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Behaviors reduce anxiety
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Behaviors often develop into rituals
Question 41
Question
Which is true of COMPULSIONS
Answer
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Thoughts that feel both intrusive and foreign
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Attempts to ignore or resist them trigger anxiety
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Voluntary behaviors or mental acts feel mandatory/unstoppable
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Have common forms/themes
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Behaviors often develop into rituals
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Behaviors reduce anxiety- but only for a short time
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Believe that something terrible will occur if they do not perform the acts
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Most recognize that their behaviors are unreasonable
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Compulsive acts often occur in response to obsessive thoughts.
Question 42
Question
Which perspective states that OCD is played out in overt thoughts and actions
Id impulses = obsessive thoughts
Ego defenses = counter-thoughts or compulsive actions
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Behavioral
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Cognitive
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Biological
Question 43
Question
Which perspective concentrates on explaining and treating compulsions rather than obsessions and proposes that people happen upon their compulsions quite randomly
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Behavioral
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Cognitive
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Biological
Question 44
Question
Which perspective treats OCD by exposing a client to anxiety-arousing thoughts or situations and then preventing the client from performing his or her compulsive acts. Therapists often model the behavior while the client.
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Behavioral
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Cognitive
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Biological
Question 45
Question
Which perspective indicates that everyone has repetitive, unwanted, and intrusive thoughts
and suggests that people with OCD blame themselves for normal (although repetitive and intrusive) thoughts and expect that terrible things will happen as a result
.
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Behavioral
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Cognitive
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Biological
Question 46
Question
Which perspective believes people attempt to “NEUTRALIZE” their thoughts with actions (or other thoughts)
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Behavioral
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Cognitive
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Biological
Question 47
Question
Which perspective treats OCD through psychoeducation and guiding the client to identify, challenge, and change distorted cognitions
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Behavioral
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Cognitive
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Biological
Question 48
Question
Which perspective describes OCD as abnormal SEROTONIN activity and abnormal brain structure and functioning
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Behavioral
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Cognitive
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Biological
Question 49
Question
Brain structures that have been linked to obsessive-compulsive disorder include the
Answer
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orbitofrontal cortex
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caudate nucleus
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thalamus
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amygdala
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cingulate cortex
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hypothalamus
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hippocampus
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prefrontal cortex
Question 50
Question
Which perspective treats OCD with serotonin-based antidepressants
Answer
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Psychodynamic
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Behavioral
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Cognitive
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Biological
Question 51
Question
In recent years, a growing number of clinical researchers have linked some excessive behavior patterns (e.g., hoarding, hair pulling, shopping, sex) to ANXIETY