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Evolutionary Processes Leading to Speciation 91605

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NCEA Level 3 Biology
R Hooks
Quiz by R Hooks, updated more than 1 year ago
R Hooks
Created by R Hooks about 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Natural [blank_start]selection[blank_end] is a process in which [blank_start]individuals[blank_end] with certain [blank_start]traits[blank_end] have a [blank_start]greater[blank_end] chance at [blank_start]surviving[blank_end] and producing offspring, than individuals [blank_start]without[blank_end] these traits.
Answer
  • selection
  • individuals
  • species
  • environment
  • traits
  • genes
  • greater
  • without
  • surviving

Question 2

Question
non-[blank_start]disjunction[blank_end] is an error in cell [blank_start]division[blank_end] in which members of a pair of [blank_start]homologous[blank_end] [blank_start]chromosomes[blank_end], or sister chromatids, fail to [blank_start]separate[blank_end]
Answer
  • disjunction
  • division
  • homologous
  • chromosomes
  • separate

Question 3

Question
When two or more clearly different phenotypes exist in the same population/species it is called [blank_start]polymorphism[blank_end]
Answer
  • polymorphism

Question 4

Question
gene flow
Answer
  • the transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another
  • all the alleles present in a population
  • the transfer of genes in a population

Question 5

Question
All the alleles of a gene present in a population is called the gene sample
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
The change in the [blank_start]frequency[blank_end] of an [blank_start]allele[blank_end] in a p[blank_start]opulation[blank_end] due to [blank_start]random[blank_end] sampling is called genetic [blank_start]drift[blank_end]
Answer
  • drift
  • random
  • frequency
  • allele
  • opulation

Question 7

Question
tetraploid refers to [blank_start]cells[blank_end] with [blank_start]four[blank_end] [blank_start]copies[blank_end] of [blank_start]each[blank_end] [blank_start]chromosome[blank_end]
Answer
  • cells
  • four
  • copies
  • chromosome
  • each

Question 8

Question
triploid refers to [blank_start]cells[blank_end] with [blank_start]three[blank_end] [blank_start]copies[blank_end] of each [blank_start]chromosome[blank_end]
Answer
  • cells
  • three
  • copies
  • chromosome

Question 9

Question
pre-zygotic and post-zygotic barriers
Answer
  • prevent fertilisation
  • prevent the development of the fertilised egg cell
  • prevent abnormal developments in the zygote
  • prevent a second egg from being fertilised

Question 10

Question
[blank_start]polyploidy[blank_end] refers to cells with more than two copies of each [blank_start]chromosome[blank_end]
Answer
  • polyploidy
  • chromosome

Question 11

Question
recombinant organisms contain a different combination of alleles from wither of its parents
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
stabilising selection is a type of [blank_start]natural[blank_end] selection where the two extremes of a trait are selected [blank_start]against[blank_end]
Answer
  • natural
  • artificial
  • against
  • for

Question 13

Question
subspecies can interbreed with other members of the spcies
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
The process through which new species evolve from a single ancestral species while living in the same geographic region
Answer
  • sympatric speciation
  • adaptive radiation
  • allopatric speciation
  • parallel evolution
  • divergent evolution

Question 15

Question
The type of [blank_start]natural[blank_end] selection where one of the two extremes of a trait is selected for/favoured = [blank_start]directional[blank_end] selection
Answer
  • directional
  • natural

Question 16

Question
Label the types of natural selection
Image:
181c6631-577e-48ac-b109-dbdffcf8f3fb (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • Stabilising
  • Directional
  • Disruptive
  • Disruptive
  • Stabilising
  • Directional
  • Disruptive
  • Stabilising
  • Directional

Question 17

Question
When individuals leave a population it is called [blank_start]emigration[blank_end]
Answer
  • emigration

Question 18

Question
allele
Answer
  • version of a gene
  • type of gene
  • phenotype

Question 19

Question
[blank_start]allopatric[blank_end] speciation is the process through which new species evolve from a single ancestral species while living in different geographic regions
Answer
  • allopatric

Question 20

Question
[blank_start]allopolyploidy[blank_end] refers to cells with two or more complete sets of chromosomes derived from different species
Answer
  • allopolyploidy

Question 21

Question
[blank_start]autopolyploidy[blank_end] refers to cells with two or more complete sets of chromosomes derived from the same species
Answer
  • autopolyploidy

Question 22

Question
Bottleneck
Answer
  • The result of a sudden even where a significant proportion of individuals in a population/species are killed or not reproducing
  • A gradual change in a characteristic or feature across the geographic range of a species or population

Question 23

Question
A gradual change in a characteristic or feature across the geographic range of a species or population
Answer
  • cline
  • allopatric speciation
  • sympatric speciation
  • deme

Question 24

Question
crossing over refers to the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
A [blank_start]deme[blank_end] is a [blank_start]local[blank_end] population consisting of closely related plants, animals, or people, typically breeding mainly [blank_start]within[blank_end] the group. It has no, or limited [blank_start]gene flow[blank_end] but can interbreed with another population and therefore they share the same [blank_start]gene pool[blank_end]. They mostly [blank_start]don't[blank_end] interbreed. An example of this is Dutch Pennsylvania.
Answer
  • deme
  • local
  • gene flow
  • within
  • gene pool
  • don't
  • can't

Question 26

Question
A diploid cell has two copies of each chromosome
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
[blank_start]adaptive[blank_end] [blank_start]radiation[blank_end] is the [blank_start]rapid[blank_end] evolution of an ancestral (single) species into several lineages, each with their own unique adaptations
Answer
  • adaptive
  • radiation
  • rapid

Question 28

Question
analogous structures
Answer
  • structures that are similar in function and appearance but do not share a common ancestry
  • structures that are different in function and appearance but have the same embryological origin

Question 29

Question
Structures that, while having the same embryological origin, carry out different functions in the adult
Answer
  • homologous structures
  • analogous structures

Question 30

Question
A fossil is [blank_start]preserved[blank_end] [blank_start]remains[blank_end] or [blank_start]traces[blank_end] of past [blank_start]life[blank_end] [blank_start]forms[blank_end]
Answer
  • preserved
  • remains
  • traces
  • life
  • forms

Question 31

Question
The evolution of a species in a gradual, slow, constant and consistent manner is called ...
Image:
1f79e740-32b4-428d-a245-5c1097bb7e19 (image/png)
Answer
  • gradualism

Question 32

Question
[blank_start]Adaptive[blank_end] [blank_start]radiation[blank_end] refers to the [blank_start]rapid[blank_end] evolution of an [blank_start]ancestral[blank_end] (single) species into several lineages, each with their own [blank_start]unique[blank_end] [blank_start]adaptations[blank_end]
Answer
  • Adaptive
  • radiation
  • rapid
  • gradual
  • divergence
  • ancestral
  • unique
  • adaptations

Question 33

Question
A species from which a number of new species are descended is called an [blank_start]ancestral[blank_end] [blank_start]species[blank_end]
Answer
  • ancestral
  • species

Question 34

Question
A diagram to show an organisms evolutionary history is called a
Image:
1bf6a9d8-e71a-46f0-a3fa-d3d3798ce28d (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • cladogram

Question 35

Question
the degree of variation of life forms within an ecosystem or the entire planet is [blank_start]biodiversity[blank_end]
Answer
  • biodiversity

Question 36

Question
biogeography refers only to the study of the distribution of species in geographic space
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 37

Question
Refers to the changes in allele frequencies that take place within a population, tending to cover a period of time such as about 100 years
Answer
  • micro-evolution
  • macro-evolution

Question 38

Question
Macro-evolution
Answer
  • Refers to the changes in allele frequencies that take place within a population, tending to cover a period of time such as about 100 years
  • Refers to the changes that happen at or above the species level. Evolution on a larger time scale, such as thousands or even millions of years

Question 39

Question
The development of a similar trait in related but distinct species descending from the same ancestor
Answer
  • parallel evolution
  • divergent evolution
  • convergent evolution

Question 40

Question
[blank_start]ploidy[blank_end] refers to the number of [blank_start]chromosomes[blank_end] in a cell
Answer
  • ploidy
  • chromosomes

Question 41

Question
[blank_start]resources[blank_end] are features of the [blank_start]environment[blank_end] which [blank_start]benefit[blank_end] a species, such as food or shelter
Answer
  • resources
  • environment
  • benefit

Question 42

Question
Punctuated equilibrium refers to the evolution of a species where ...
Image:
fe59db3a-673f-497b-b1a3-5fc45983d556 (image/png)
Answer
  • change appears suddenly
  • change appears slowly
  • there are long periods in without change
  • there are short periods without change
  • there is a sudden observable change
  • there is a slow observable change

Question 43

Question
The process of two or more related species becoming more and more different is called divergent evolution.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 44

Question
The process of two or more related species becoming more and more different is called convergent evolution.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 45

Question
The development of the same biological trait in unrelated lineages is called convergent evolution
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 46

Question
Label the types of evolution
Image:
676ecf60-da3a-4089-afb9-dac29ff5195e (image/png)
Answer
  • divergent evolution
  • Convergent evolution
  • Parallel evolution

Question 47

Question
species only found in a narrowly defined region, such as an island country are called [blank_start]endemic[blank_end]
Answer
  • endemic

Question 48

Question
The process of bringing together two DNA strands is called [blank_start]DNA hybridisation[blank_end]. The more linking (hybridisation) between the two DNA strands, the [blank_start]more[blank_end] closely related the individuals/species are.
Answer
  • DNA hybridisation
  • more
  • less

Question 49

Question
Co-evolution is not a change in the genetic composition of one species (or group of individuals) in response to a genetic change in another species (or group)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 50

Question
The direct and indirect methods used to determine the order of past events or age of fossil evidence are called [blank_start]dating[blank_end] methods
Answer
  • dating

Question 51

Question
A [blank_start]ring[blank_end] [blank_start]species[blank_end] is a special type of [blank_start]cline[blank_end] where the two ends of the cline meet forming a ring. Neighbouring populations can interbreed but no interbreeding occurs anymore between individuals where the ring connects.
Answer
  • species
  • ring
  • cline

Question 52

Question
speciation is simply the formation of a new species
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 53

Question
The definition of a species is a [blank_start]group[blank_end] of [blank_start]organisms[blank_end] that [blank_start]interbreed[blank_end] and [blank_start]produce[blank_end] [blank_start]viable[blank_end] and [blank_start]fertile[blank_end] [blank_start]offspring[blank_end]
Answer
  • group
  • organisms
  • interbreed
  • produce
  • viable
  • fertile
  • offspring

Question 54

Question
When the two versions/alleles of a gene are different it is a [blank_start]heterozygote[blank_end]. When the two versions/alleles of a gene are the same it is a [blank_start]homozygote[blank_end].
Answer
  • heterozygote
  • homozygote

Question 55

Question
offspring from a cross between two different species is a hybrid
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 56

Question
The proportion of all copies of a gene being of a particular type/version
Answer
  • allele frequency
  • gene frequency
  • allele distribution
  • gene distribution

Question 57

Question
An [blank_start]adaptation[blank_end] is an [blank_start]inherited[blank_end] [blank_start]trait[blank_end] with a current [blank_start]functional[blank_end] [blank_start]role[blank_end] in the life history if an [blank_start]organism[blank_end].
Answer
  • adaptation
  • inherited
  • trait
  • functional
  • role
  • organism

Question 58

Question
Acclimatisation is a [blank_start]gradual[blank_end], reversible [blank_start]response[blank_end] of an organism to a [blank_start]change[blank_end] in its environment
Answer
  • gradual
  • response
  • change

Question 59

Question
gametes are body cells
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 60

Question
When a [blank_start]new[blank_end] [blank_start]population[blank_end] is established by a [blank_start]very small[blank_end] number of individuals who will carry with them [blank_start]only a small[blank_end] proportion of all the [blank_start]alleles[blank_end] present in the population. The [blank_start]founder effect[blank_end] contributes, therefore, to the [blank_start]loss[blank_end] of [blank_start]genetic variation[blank_end] that follows colonisation.
Answer
  • new
  • population
  • very small
  • very large
  • only a small
  • a large
  • alleles
  • genes
  • founder effect
  • loss
  • increase
  • genetic variation

Question 61

Question
Simple short repeating sequences of up to about 6 DNA base pairs are called [blank_start]microsatellites[blank_end]
Answer
  • microsatellites

Question 62

Question
immigration is when new individuals enter a population
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 63

Question
Unrepaired change to the sequence of bases in the DNA is
Answer
  • mutation
  • adaptation
  • evolution
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