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Study Guide: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

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Study Guide: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Alexandra Bozan
Quiz by Alexandra Bozan, updated more than 1 year ago
Alexandra Bozan
Created by Alexandra Bozan about 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
The most abundant extracellular cation is
Answer
  • Na+
  • Cl
  • K+
  • Mg++

Question 2

Question
Electrolyte reactivity is measured is
Answer
  • mg/100 L
  • milliequivalents
  • mEq/L
  • both milliequivalents and mEq/L

Question 3

Question
Which of the following mechanisms varies fluid output so that it equals input?
Answer
  • antidiuretic device
  • aldosterone mechanism
  • renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism
  • both aldosterone mechanism and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

Question 4

Question
Which of the following statement is true?
Answer
  • Total body water as a percentage of total body weight does not differ due to age
  • Total body water as a percentage of total body weight is approximately 30% in a healthy non-obese female
  • Males that are healthy and non-obese will have 60% of their body weight as water
  • Adipose tissue contains less water than bone tissue

Question 5

Question
Obese people have a higher water content per kilogram of body weight than slender people
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
Fluid intake usually equals fluid output
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
Electrolytes are substances that bind in water
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 8

Question
Thirst is associated with any condition that decreases total volume of body water
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
Hypervolemia refers to excess blood volume
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 10

Question
The two factors that determine urine volume are
Answer
  • the amount of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone secretion
  • the amount of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and ADH secretion
  • fluid intake and ADH secretion
  • the glomerular filtration rate and the rate of water reabsorption by the renal tubules

Question 11

Question
Which of the following is an example of obligatory fluid output?
Answer
  • water vapor in expired air
  • water diffusion through the skin
  • both water vapor in expired air and water diffusion through the skin
  • none of the above

Question 12

Question
Blood hydrostatic pressure
Answer
  • tends to force fluid out of capillaries and into interstitial fluid
  • tends to force fluid out of interstitial fluid and into capillaries
  • allows for an equilibrium across the capillary membrane
  • none of the above

Question 13

Question
If a person takes nothing by mouth for several days, fluid output decreases to zero to compensate and maintain homeostasis
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
Which of the following is not a correct statement regarding severe dehydration?
Answer
  • Loss of skin turgor is a symptom of severe dehydration
  • the relative loss of water in sweat is greater than the loss of electrolytes
  • Sweating serves the body by increasing body heat
  • Treatment of dehydration requires appropriate electrolyte replacement therapy

Question 15

Question
The formula representing Starling's law of the capillaries is
Answer
  • (BHP + BCOP) - (IFCOP + IFHP) = EFP
  • (BHP + IFHP) - (IFCOP + BCOP) = EFP
  • (BHP + IFCOP) - (IFHP + BCOP) = EFP

Question 16

Question
Which large molecules are retained by the selectively permeable cell membrane?
Answer
  • sodium ions
  • potassium ions
  • proteins
  • water

Question 17

Question
Edema can be defined as the presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid in the intercellular spaces of the body
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 18

Question
The most significant player regulating ICF composition is the plasma membrane
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
Osmotic pressure is influenced by large protein molecules in the intracellular fluid
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
The release ADH causes an increase in the reabsorption of sodium and water by the renal tubules.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
Over 8 liters of various internal secretions are produced daily.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
Potassium deficit is termed hypokalemia
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
ECF depletion is said to be the last line of defense against dehydration.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 24

Question
By volume, intestinal secretions are the largest sodium-containing internal secretions.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
Skin turgor is an important indicator of fluid volume stability.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
The largest volume of water by far lies [blank_start]inside[blank_end] cells.
Answer
  • inside
  • outside

Question 27

Question
Infants have [blank_start]more[blank_end] water in comparison to body weight than adults of either sex.
Answer
  • more
  • less

Question 28

Question
In general as age increases, the amount of water per pound of body weight [blank_start]decreases[blank_end].
Answer
  • decreases
  • increases

Question 29

Question
Signals generated by osmoreceptors in the subfornical organ and hypothalamus stimulate the secretion of
Answer
  • aldosterone
  • insulin
  • ADH
  • ANH

Question 30

Question
Which of the following is true when ECF volume decreases?
Answer
  • Aldosterone secretion increases
  • Kidney tubule reabsorption of sodium increases
  • Urine volume decreases
  • All of the above are true

Question 31

Question
Interstitial fluid contains hardly any protein anions
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 32

Question
No net transfer of water occurs between blood and interstitial fluid as long as effective filtration pressure (EFP) equals 0
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 33

Question
Any change in the solute concentration of ECF will have a direct effect on water movement across the cell
Answer
  • True
  • False
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