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Study Guide: Urinary System

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Study Guide: Urinary System
Alexandra Bozan
Quiz by Alexandra Bozan, updated more than 1 year ago
Alexandra Bozan
Created by Alexandra Bozan about 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which of the following is regulated by the kidneys?
Answer
  • water content of the blood
  • blood pH level
  • blood ion concentration
  • all of the above

Question 2

Question
The medial surface of each kidney has a notch called the
Answer
  • medulla
  • cortex
  • hilum
  • pelvis

Question 3

Question
At the beginning of the plumbing system of the urinary system, urine leaving the renal papilla is collected in the cuplike structures called
Answer
  • renal columns
  • renal pyramids
  • calyces
  • ureters

Question 4

Question
The functional unit of the kidney is the
Answer
  • renal carpuscle
  • nephron
  • juxtaglomerular apparatus
  • Bowman's capsule

Question 5

Question
Which of the following is a component of the renal corpuscle?
Answer
  • a. glomerulus
  • b. Bowman's capsule
  • c. afferent arteriole
  • d. both a & b

Question 6

Question
Which of the following structures secretes renin when blood pressure in the afferent arteriole drops?
Answer
  • renal tubule
  • proximal convoluted tubule
  • juxtaglomerular apparatus
  • renal tubule and juxtaglomerular apparatus

Question 7

Question
Substances pass from the glomerulus and into the Bowman's capsule by
Answer
  • diffusion
  • active transport
  • filtration
  • osmosis

Question 8

Question
The juxtaglomerular cells reside in the
Answer
  • afferent arteriole
  • efferent arteriole
  • proximal convoluted tubule
  • distal convoluted tubule

Question 9

Question
The left kidney is often slightly larger and positioned slightly lower than the right kidney
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 10

Question
Blood is brought to the kidneys by the renal vein
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 11

Question
Micturition and urination are synonymous
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
The glomerulus is one of the most important capillary networks for survival
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 13

Question
Once urine enters the renal pelvis, it travels to the renal calyces
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
As the basic functional until of the kidney, the nephron's function is blood processing and urine formation
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
The kidneys are covered with visceral pertoneum
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
Which of the following is not one of the processes of urine formation
Answer
  • filtration
  • diffusion
  • reabsorption
  • secretion

Question 17

Question
The movement of water and solutes from the plasma in the glomerulus, across the glomerular-caspular membrane, and into the capsular space of the Bowman's capsule is termed:
Answer
  • filtration
  • diffusion
  • reabsorption
  • secretion

Question 18

Question
The movement of molecules out of the peritubular blood and into the tubule for excretion is
Answer
  • filtration
  • diffusion
  • reabsorption
  • secretion

Question 19

Question
Which of the following is considered a countercurrent structure
Answer
  • glomerulus
  • proximal convoluted tubule
  • Henle loop
  • distal convoluted tubule

Question 20

Question
Proximal convoluted tubules reabsorb nutrients from the tubule fluid, notably glucose and amino acids, into peritubular blood by a special type of active transport mechanism called sodium contransport
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
Fluid exiting the Henle loop becomes less concentrated with Na+ and Cl- ions
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
A hydrostatic pressure gradient drives the filtration out of the plasma and into the nephron
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
The efferent arteriole has a lager diameter than the afferent arteriole
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 24

Question
In the renal tubule, Na+ is reabsorbed via active transport
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
Glomerular filtration separates only harmful substances from the blood
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
Urine consists of approximately 75% water
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
Urine has a pH of 4.6 to 8.0 and is generally alkaline
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 28

Question
More than 99% of filtrates must be reabosorbed from the tubular segments of the nephron.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 29

Question
Hydrogen ions are transferred from blood into the urine during which of the following processes?
Answer
  • secretion
  • filtration
  • reabsorption
  • all of the above

Question 30

Question
Which of the following steps involved in urine formation allows the blood to retain most body nutrients?
Answer
  • secretion
  • filtration
  • reabsorption
  • all of the above

Question 31

Question
Voluntary control of micturition is achieved by the action of which of the following?
Answer
  • internal urethral sphincter
  • external urethral sphincter
  • trigone
  • bladder muscles

Question 32

Question
What is the structure that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder called?
Answer
  • urethra
  • Bowman's capsule
  • ureter
  • renal pelvis

Question 33

Question
What are the capillary loops contained within Bowman's capsule called?
Answer
  • convoluted tubules
  • glomeruli
  • limbs of Henle
  • collecting ducts

Question 34

Question
The trigone is located in the
Answer
  • kidney
  • bladder
  • ureter
  • urethra
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