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Diabetes Powerpoints

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Endo Module
Mark W.
Quiz by Mark W., updated more than 1 year ago
Mark W.
Created by Mark W. almost 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
[blank_start]Diabetes Mellitus (DM)[blank_end] is actually a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia which results from defect in secretion of insulin, action of insulin, or both
Answer
  • Diabetes

Question 2

Question
What counterregulatory hormones are responsible for the decrease in insulin release when blood glucose levels drop? (select all that apply)
Image:
941f3aa5-4a79-49f0-8721-6f9c44adb710.gif (image/gif)
Answer
  • Glucagon
  • growth hormone
  • glucocorticoids
  • epinephrine
  • thyroid hormone

Question 3

Question
[blank_start]DDP-IV[blank_end] enzymes are responsible for the break down of gut incretins GLP-1 and GIP.
Answer
  • DPP-IV

Question 4

Question
Insulin is secreted from ___________.
Answer
  • alpha cells
  • beta cells
  • gamma cells
  • delta cells

Question 5

Question
What would you check to see if a person is in fact making insulin?
Answer
  • preproinsulin
  • proinsulin
  • C peptide

Question 6

Question
Fill in the blanks
Image:
233bf282-2d6a-43d1-a22a-c88758db75b1 (image/png)
Answer
  • GLUT
  • potassium
  • depolarization

Question 7

Question
Meal ingestion causes the rapid release of insulin and [blank_start]amylin[blank_end] from the pancreas.
Answer
  • amylin
  • proinsulin
  • c peptide

Question 8

Question
Type 1 DM is the abosulte deficiecny of amylin and insuilin.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
Which of the following is NOT an effect of amylin?
Answer
  • increases rate of gastric emptying
  • inhibits glucagon
  • reduces gastric emptying
  • induces post-prandial satiety

Question 10

Question
In glucose homeostasis, 40% of gluconeogeneiss occurs in the [blank_start]kidneys[blank_end] and reabsoprtion of glucose occurs in the [blank_start]proximal tubule[blank_end].
Answer
  • kidneys
  • proximal tubule

Question 11

Question
Fill in the blanks with appropriate values used to diagnose a patient with PRE-DIABETES according to ADA guidelines? FPG/IFG: [blank_start]100-125mg/dL[blank_end] 2-hr OGTT/IGT: [blank_start]140-199mg/dL[blank_end] A1c: [blank_start]5.7% - 6.4%[blank_end]
Answer
  • 50-100mg/dL
  • 100-125mg/dL
  • 150-200mg/dL
  • 200-225mg/dL
  • 100-125mg/dL
  • 140-199mg/dL
  • 220=250mg/dL
  • 5.7% - 6.4%
  • 7% -7.5%
  • 8% - 8.5%

Question 12

Question
β-cell destruction usually leading to absolute insulin and amylin deficiency.
Answer
  • Type 1 DM
  • Type 2 DM

Question 13

Question
“Progressive insulin secretory defect (β-cell dysfunction) on the background of insulin resistance.
Answer
  • Type 1 DM
  • Type 2 DM
  • Gestational DM

Question 14

Question
Diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy that IS NOT clearly overt diabetes
Answer
  • Type 1 DM
  • Type 2 DM
  • Gestational Diabetes

Question 15

Question
Fill in the table below
Image:
c297ab89-6dbf-411c-bb42-4cbbd0f49280 (image/png)
Answer
  • < 30 years
  • > 30 years
  • abrupt
  • gradual
  • lean
  • obese or history of obesity
  • present
  • absent
  • rarely present
  • often present
  • often asymptomatic
  • symptomatic
  • absent
  • present
  • immediate
  • years after diagnosis
  • HHS
  • DKA
  • Yes
  • No
  • Rare
  • Common
  • < 30 years
  • > 30 years
  • abrupt
  • gradual
  • obese or history of obesity
  • lean
  • absent
  • present
  • often present
  • rarely present
  • symptomatic
  • often asymptomatic
  • present
  • absent
  • immediate
  • years after diagnosis
  • DKA
  • HHS
  • NO
  • Common
  • rare
  • common

Question 16

Question
Which of the following below are symptoms of HYPERglycemia? (select all that apply)
Answer
  • polydipsia
  • polyuria
  • polyphagia
  • dry skin
  • blurry vision
  • drowsy
  • slow healing wounds

Question 17

Question
During pregnanacy, the placenta can produce hormones that contribute to insulin resistance.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 18

Question
Criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes; (1) A1C > [blank_start]6.5[blank_end]% (2) FPG > [blank_start]126[blank_end] mg/dL (3) 2-hr PG > [blank_start]200[blank_end] mg/dL after a 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
Answer
  • 126
  • 200
  • 6.5

Question 19

Question
Acanthosis Nigricans is associated with ....
Image:
6c57b1a9-c726-4ef5-80a9-d4fcaee218a0 (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • Type 1 DM
  • Type 2 DM

Question 20

Question
Children with BMI precentile of [blank_start]85[blank_end] or greater should be considered for screening for T2DM
Answer
  • 85

Question 21

Question
When should pregnant women without overt DM should be screeened for gestational diabetes mellitus?
Answer
  • 15-20 weeeks
  • 20-22 weeks
  • 24-28 weeks
  • 30-33 weeks

Question 22

Question
Gestational diabetes mellitus should be tested for a second time 2-3 weeks post partum.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
Which of the following are complications of DM in pregnancy (select all that apply)
Answer
  • gestational HTN
  • Preecalmpsia
  • Gestational HYPOtension
  • infections
  • ketoacidosis
  • polyhrdramnios
  • preterm labor
  • seizures

Question 24

Question
Fill in the appropriate values for the ACOG: Carpenter and Coustan 100mg OGTT 3hr (mg/dL) which is used in the diagnosis of GDM. Fasting: [blank_start]95[blank_end] 1 hour: [blank_start]180[blank_end] 2 hours: [blank_start]155[blank_end] 3 hours: [blank_start]140[blank_end]
Answer
  • 95
  • 180
  • 155
  • 140

Question 25

Question
What are the glycemic goal for patients with GDM and preexisting DM? (1) Fasting less than or equal to [blank_start]95[blank_end] mg/dL (2) 1-hr PP less than or equal to [blank_start]140[blank_end] mg/dL (3) 2-hr PP less than or equal to [blank_start]120[blank_end] mg/dL
Answer
  • 95
  • 140
  • 120

Question 26

Question
During pregnancy an A1C of [blank_start]6-6.5[blank_end] % is the reccomeneded target in the second and third trimester but < [blank_start]6[blank_end] % may be optimal.
Answer
  • 6-6.5
  • 6

Question 27

Question
During pregnancy insulin resistance decreases as pregnancy progresses
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 28

Question
Hypoglycemia is usually defined as < 70 mg/dl but in pregnancy BG is often allowed to be than [blank_start]60[blank_end] mg/dL
Answer
  • 60

Question 29

Question
Indicate which insulins and oral medications are utilized in the treatment of diabetes during pregnancy?
Answer
  • Metformin
  • Lantus
  • Glargine
  • NPH
  • Regular insulin
  • Glyburide
  • Apidra

Question 30

Question
[blank_start]Insulin[blank_end] is the first-line agent recommended for treatment of GDM in the U.S
Answer
  • Insulin

Question 31

Question
[blank_start]Glyburide[blank_end] may be inferior to metformin and insulin due to increased risk of neonatal hypoglycemia and macrosomia
Answer
  • Glyburide

Question 32

Question
[blank_start]Aspart[blank_end] and [blank_start]Lispro[blank_end] are the only rapid-acting insulins approved during pregnancy
Answer
  • Aspart
  • Lispro

Question 33

Question
[blank_start]Detemir[blank_end] is the only long-acting basal insulin utilized to treat diabetes in pregnancy
Answer
  • Detemir

Question 34

Question
What are the glucose levels for insulin initiation in GDM Fasting PG less than or equal to [blank_start]105[blank_end] mg/dL 1-hours postprandial plasma glucose less than or equal to [blank_start]155[blank_end] mg/dL 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose less than or equal to [blank_start]130[blank_end] mg/dL
Answer
  • 105
  • 155
  • 130

Question 35

Question
T1DM will require insulin during labor while most do not require insulin during labor and delivery with GDM
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 36

Question
What immunizations are reccomended for diabetic patients?
Answer
  • influnenza
  • pneumococal
  • hepatitis B

Question 37

Question
Hypoglycemia is indicated with a BG of less than [blank_start]70[blank_end] mg/dL
Answer
  • 70

Question 38

Question
1) If blood glucose (BG) is less than 70 mg/dL, you should give [blank_start]15[blank_end] grams of carbs and recheck the blood glucose after 15 minutes. 2) If blood glucose is less than 50 mg/dL , you should give [blank_start]30[blank_end] grams of carbs and recheck the blood glucose after 15 minutes
Answer
  • 15
  • 30

Question 39

Question
15g is equal to: [blank_start]1[blank_end] tablespoon of sugar, [blank_start]3-4[blank_end] hard candies, [blank_start]4[blank_end] oz regular fruit juice, [blank_start]6[blank_end] oz regular soda, 3-4 glucose tablets, 6 lifesvavers save a life
Answer
  • 1
  • 3-4
  • 4
  • 6
  • 3-4
  • 1
  • 4
  • 6
  • 4
  • 1
  • 3-4
  • 6
  • 6
  • 4
  • 1
  • 3-4

Question 40

Question
Which of the following should be part of the sick day management plan?
Answer
  • Check BG more frequently
  • Try to keep BG < 200 mg
  • Contiune basal insulin
  • Stay hydrated
  • use liquid carbohydrates to keep BG stable if unable to keep food down or having frequent or severe drops in BG
  • May need to hold prandial insulin or some oral medications if unable to keep down any carbohydrates.

Question 41

Question
What are the possible causes of DKA?
Answer
  • Exacerbated by an increase in counterregulatory hormones – hyperglycemic crisis
  • Insulin deficiency promotes lipolysis and metabolism of FFA to β-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetic acid, and acetone in the liver
  • Excess glucagon enhance gluconeogenesis and impairs peripheral ketone utilization
  • Reduction in the effective circulating insulin with a concomitant elevation of counter-regulatory hormones

Question 42

Question
What are the causes of HHS?
Answer
  • Excess glucagon enhance gluconeogenesis and impairs peripheral ketone utilization
  • Reduction in the effective circulating insulin with a concomitant elevation of counter-regulatory hormones
  • Consistently elevated blood glucose concentration (sometimes weeks) in the face of reduce fluid intake
  • Most commonly preceded by infection or other serious illness

Question 43

Question
Complete the algorithhm
Image:
c1205806-0b44-48e5-868c-1220bf05f53b (image/png)
Answer
  • 0.9% NaCl
  • 0.45% NaCl
  • 0.9% NaCl
  • 200
  • 300
  • 0.1
  • 0.14
  • 0.14

Question 44

Question
Complete the algortithm
Image:
5c75938e-dc0a-49f9-a641-d8616657befb (image/png)
Answer
  • 3.3
  • 5.2

Question 45

Question
In hospital care, treat if the blood glucose is above [blank_start]180[blank_end] mg/dL with a goal between [blank_start]140-180[blank_end] mg/dL.
Answer
  • 180
  • 140-180

Question 46

Question
In what conditions should you consider lowering the dose of basal insulin by 20%?
Answer
  • renal insufficiency or failure exisit
  • Heart failure
  • tapering off coticosteriod medications
  • no history of diabetes

Question 47

Question
Turn off insulin infusion [blank_start]2[blank_end] hours after administration of SubQ basal insulin
Answer
  • 2

Question 48

Question
Fill in the Tabel below
Image:
11f98f4c-def2-4532-a75e-5b11e02e98fd (image/png)
Answer
  • Type 1
  • Type 2
  • Hours to days
  • Days to weeks
  • > 250
  • >600
  • < 7.35
  • 7.35-7.45
  • Present
  • Absent or very little
  • < 320
  • > 320
  • Type 2
  • Type 1
  • Hours to days
  • Days to weeks
  • > 250
  • > 600
  • < 7.35
  • 7.35 - 7.45
  • Present
  • Absent or very little
  • < 320
  • > 320
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