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MBI 111 Final Exam

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Quiz on MBI 111 Final Exam, created by Shannon Wilkes on 10/05/2014.
Shannon Wilkes
Quiz by Shannon Wilkes, updated more than 1 year ago
Shannon Wilkes
Created by Shannon Wilkes over 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What kind of disease is dental caries?
Answer
  • Fungal
  • Viral
  • Bacterial
  • Protozoan

Question 2

Question
What kind of infection is Periodontal Disease?
Answer
  • Fungal
  • Viral
  • Protozoan
  • Bacterial

Question 3

Question
What kind of infection is Oral Herpes/Heres Labialis?
Answer
  • Bacterial
  • Fungal
  • Viral
  • Protozoan

Question 4

Question
What kind of infection is Thrush?
Answer
  • Bacterial
  • Fungal
  • Viral
  • Protozoan

Question 5

Question
What kind of infection is Peptic Ulcers?
Answer
  • Viral
  • Fungal
  • Protozoan
  • Bacterial

Question 6

Question
What kind of infection is Staphylococcus Intoxication?
Answer
  • Protozoan
  • Bacterial
  • Viral
  • Fungal

Question 7

Question
What kind of infection is Botulism?
Answer
  • Bacterial
  • Viral
  • Fungal
  • Protozoan

Question 8

Question
Which of the following are bacterial strains of Enteritis?
Answer
  • Rotavirus
  • E.coli
  • Coxsackie
  • Salmonella
  • Bacillus cereus
  • Clostridium perfringens
  • Cryptosporidium parvum
  • Giardia lamblia
  • Campylobacter jejuni
  • Echovirus

Question 9

Question
Which of the following strains are viral Enteritis?
Answer
  • E.coli
  • Rotavirus
  • Coxsackie
  • Salmonella
  • Bacillus cereus
  • Clostridium perfringens
  • Cryptosporidium parvum
  • Giardia lablia
  • Campylobacter jejuni
  • Echovirus

Question 10

Question
Which of the following strains are protozoan Enteritis?
Answer
  • E.coli
  • Rotavirus
  • Coxsackie
  • Salmonella
  • Bacillus cereus
  • Clostridium perfringens
  • Cryptosporidium parvum
  • Giardia lamblia
  • Echovrius
  • Campylobacter jejuni

Question 11

Question
What kind of infection is Clostridium diificile infection?
Answer
  • Viral
  • Bacterial
  • Fungal
  • Protozoan

Question 12

Question
What kind of infection is Cholera?
Answer
  • Bacterial
  • Viral
  • Protozoan
  • Fungal

Question 13

Question
What kind of infection is Poliomyelitis?
Answer
  • Bacterial
  • Viral
  • Fungal
  • Protozoan

Question 14

Question
What kind of infection is Hepatitis A and E?
Answer
  • Viral
  • Bacterial
  • Fungal
  • Protozoan

Question 15

Question
What kind of infection is Urinary Cystitis?
Answer
  • Viral
  • Bacterial
  • Fungal
  • Protozoan

Question 16

Question
What kind of infection is Septicemia and Septic Shock?
Answer
  • Viral
  • Fungal
  • Bacterial
  • Protozoan

Question 17

Question
What kind of infection is Vaginosis caused by Candida albicans?
Answer
  • Bacterial
  • Fungal
  • Protozoan
  • Viral

Question 18

Question
What kind of infection is Vaginosis that caused by gardnerella vaginalis?
Answer
  • Viral
  • Bacterial
  • Fungal
  • Protozoal

Question 19

Question
What kind of infection is Vaginosis caused by Trichomonas vaginalis?
Answer
  • Viral
  • Bacterial
  • Protozoan
  • Fungal

Question 20

Question
What kind of infection is Toxic Shock Syndrome?
Answer
  • Bacterial
  • Viral
  • Fungal
  • Protozoan

Question 21

Question
What kind of infection is gonorrhea?
Answer
  • Viral
  • Bacterial
  • Fungal
  • Protozoan

Question 22

Question
What kind of infection is Chlamydial Disease?
Answer
  • Viral
  • Fungal
  • Bacterial
  • Protozoan

Question 23

Question
What kind of infection is Syphilis?
Answer
  • Viral
  • Fungal
  • Protozoan
  • Bacterial

Question 24

Question
What kind of infection is Genital Herpes?
Answer
  • Bacterial
  • Viral
  • Fungal
  • Protozoan

Question 25

Question
What kind of infection is Genital Warts?
Answer
  • Viral
  • Bacterial
  • Protozoan
  • Fungal

Question 26

Question
What kind of infection is Hepatitis B, C and D?
Answer
  • Protozoan
  • Fungal
  • Viral
  • Bacterial

Question 27

Question
What kind of infection is AIDS?
Answer
  • Fungal
  • Viral
  • Protozoan
  • Bacterial

Question 28

Question
Stomach ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori are most effectively treated with what?
Answer
  • Antibiotics only
  • Drugs that reduce stomach acid production
  • Avoidance of spicy foods only
  • A change in lifestyle that reduces stress only
  • Drugs that coat the stomach lining only
  • Antibiotics combined with drugs that reduce stomach acid production and ones that coat the stomach lining

Question 29

Question
Chemical host defense factors for the digestive system include:
Answer
  • Peristalsis
  • Diarrhea
  • Sloughing epithelium
  • Normal Microbiota
  • Enzymes
  • Bile
  • Vomiting
  • Stomach acid

Question 30

Question
Food-borne infection is caused by microbes in food that infect the intestines of the host, then proliferate and produce toxins there; in contrast, food-borne intoxication results from direct effects of toxins ingested in food that has been stored under conditions that promote microbial growth and toxin production.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 31

Question
About a day and a half after a fraternity-sorority picnic (and for a few days after that), many students experienced gastrointestinal distress (cramps, diarrhea and vomiting), along with fever and nausea. Each of these students ingested undercooked barbecued chicken (because of the barbecue sauce, it was difficult to see that the chicken was still pink in color). These students most likely suffered from what?
Answer
  • Staphylococcal intoxication
  • Cholera
  • Salmonella enteritis
  • Stomach Ulcers
  • Botulism

Question 32

Question
Enteritis and periodontal disease are both syndromes because each of these diseases had a number of different etiological agents that ultimately lead to generation of its own characteristic set of signs and symptoms that lets us know that we have either enteritis or periodontal disease.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 33

Question
In cases of botulism due to eating contaminated food, appropriate treatment consists of:
Answer
  • Antibiotic only
  • Antibiotic and antitoxin
  • Antitoxin only
  • Antibiotic and fluid replacement
  • Letting the disease run its course

Question 34

Question
When Helicobacter pylori uses urease to generate ammonia to neutralize stomach acid and vacuolating cytotoxin to damage gastric cells to release nutrients, it induces inflammation that leads to infiltration of phagocytes which secrete cytokines that make the inflammation worse and lead to formation of ulcers, which generate a gnawing or burning pain in the abdomen.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 35

Question
Select the ONE statement that is TRUE
Answer
  • Plaque damage to teeth occurs by means of a specific toxin that erodes tooth enamel
  • Fecal transplant is a "last ditch" method for the treatment of cholera infections
  • Cryptosporidium oocysts can be transmitted in swimming pools by infected young children with diarrhea, even when they are wearing swim diapers or swim pants
  • TLC and supportive care are the only treatments for hepatitis A and E, oral herpes, giardiasis, staphylococcal intoxication and poliomyelitis, because effective CTAs are not available
  • Vaccines are available for cholera, hepatitis A and E and polio, but not rotavirus

Question 36

Question
Select the ONE answer that is TRUE
Answer
  • Once a herpes cold sore or oral herpes lesion disappears, the infection is cured and lesions will not recur
  • Access to good sanitation and clean drinking water is a key to prevention of most gastrointestinal infections worldwide
  • Shigatoxic E.coli (STEC) is uncommon in the US and serious infections are very rare
  • An infected person's feces can contain infectious agents, but their vomitus cannot, due to its highly acidic nature
  • The cysts of both Giardia and Cryptosporidium are readily killed by chlorine, so there is no need to use filtration to purify drinking water

Question 37

Question
Select ALL of the following that are TRUE
Answer
  • Because this opportunistic bacterium is a member of the normal microbiota, use of broad spectrum antibiotic therapy (which kills off most of the other normal microbiota) can lead to Clostridium difficult infections, especially in the elderly
  • Food contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus can only cause illness in people who eat it while the bacteria are still alive
  • The organisms that cause both dental caries and periodontal disease are normal bacterial microbiota that accumulate on teeth as dental plaque, and the caries they cause can be prevented by regular flossing and brushing with fluoride toothpaste plus biannual tooth cleaning by a dental hygienist
  • Polio begins as an intestinal infection that is followed by a production of a neurotoxin that causes damage of motor neurons in the CNS and leads to flaccid paralysis
  • Botulism is transmitted by improperly canned foods containing bacterial spores that germinate to form vegetative bacteria that grow and produce an exotoxin that can lead to cardiac and/or respiratory failure
  • Cholera toxin leads to sever dehydration, but patients can usually be successfully treated by replacing water and salts, either by oral hydration or by IV administration
  • Toxins play a significant role in hepatitis A and botulism, but not in enteritis or oral Candidiasis (thrush)

Question 38

Question
Identify ALL of the properties SHARED by infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis
Answer
  • The signs and symptoms are more apparent in men than in women
  • Signs and symptoms may include painful urination and discharge
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease is not a complication of both of these diseases, just one of them
  • Antibiotic resistance is a significant problem for either of these diseases
  • Due to damage to the fallopian tubes, they may lead to ectopic pregnancy or infertility in women

Question 39

Question
Although Chlamydia causes the highest number of reported STD cases each year, it is not the number one sexually transmitted infection in the US; in fact, the estimated incidence of Trichomonsas and HPV STIs are both higher than that of Chlamydia STIs
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 40

Question
Select the ONE statement that is TRUE
Answer
  • Indwelling urethral catheters post little or no risk for nosocomial infections
  • The death rates for septicemia and septic shock makes these maladies the number 11 killer in the country
  • Septicemia, but not septic shock, is associated with loss of blood flow to vital organs
  • In septic shock, the damage is caused by bacteria growing in the lungs and physically clogging them

Question 41

Question
Because prevention of vaginal infections depends on sloughing of glycogen-containing epithelial cells and maintenance of low vaginal pH by normal microbiota, treatment of urinary cystitis with an antibiotic that kills Gram-positive bacteria is highly unlikely vaginal candidiasis in a twenty-something woman
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 42

Question
Identify ALL of the potential results of infection Syphilis
Answer
  • Formation of a chancre
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease
  • Transmission of syphilis via contact with open lesions
  • Congenital (birth) defects
  • Gumma formation that occurs after a latent period

Question 43

Question
Select the ONE statement that is TRUE
Answer
  • The symptoms characteristics of vaginosis include vaginal inflammation and open cervical lesions, but neither itching or discharge
  • Urinary cystitis is caused by vaginal normal microbiota that are introduced into the urethra during sexual intercourse
  • Vaginosis is a syndrome, the causes of which include fungal, protozoal and bacterial normal microbiota
  • While vaginosis is associated with renal damage, urinary cystitis is not
  • Although condom use will not help prevent vaginosis, personal hygiene can

Question 44

Question
Select the ONE statement that is TRUE
Answer
  • Once an STD is cured, reinfection will not occur, although latent organisms can cause recurrence of some of these diseases
  • With most STDs, when the symptoms go away, one can no longer be considered infectious, so transmission of the disease to a sexual partner is of little concern
  • The latest estimates indicate that 15 million Americans become newly infected with an STD each year, yet these diseases are one of the most under recognized health threats
  • Condoms are not effective in preventing STDs, so vaccination remains the primary means of prevention
  • Women who are promiscuous and practice unprotected sex do not have a higher risk of miscarriage or children with birth defects

Question 45

Question
Urinary cystitis is not considered an STD; rather it is a urinary tract infection caused by normal GI tract microbiota, frequently E.coli, that are often introduced into the urethra during sexual intercourse.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 46

Question
You receive the following medical history from a male patient: development of an odorless, whitish discharge, abdominal pain and burning sensation on urination 10 days following sex with a new partner. Staining of the discharge did NOT reveal gram negative diplococci. His partner probably gave him what?
Answer
  • Chlamydia
  • Gonorrhea
  • Syphilis
  • Gardnerella

Question 47

Question
Select the statement that is TRUE
Answer
  • Normal microbiota are never associated with genitourinary infections
  • There should be no normal microbiota of any kind in the urinary tract
  • Phagocytes are not a significant cellular host defense factor involved in genitourinary infections
  • Mucus is both a chemical and physical host defense factor involved in preventing genitourinary infections

Question 48

Question
Which of the following infections have vaccines?
Answer
  • Botulism
  • Rotavirus
  • Cholera
  • Poliomyelitis
  • Hepatitis A
  • Septicemia/Septic Shock
  • Chlamydia
  • Genital Herpes
  • Genital Warts
  • Hepatitis C

Question 49

Question
Which infections are treated by a procedure/surgery?
Answer
  • Dental Caries
  • Periodontal Disease
  • Oral Herpes
  • Botulism
  • Staphylococcal Intoxication
  • Toxic Shock Syndrome
  • Genital Warts
  • Genital Herpes
  • Hepatitis B, C, D
  • HIV/AIDS

Question 50

Question
Which of all the following are treated with antibiotics/antifungals/antivirals?
Answer
  • Oral Herpes
  • Botulism
  • Toxic Shock Syndrome
  • Septicemia/Septic Shock
  • Vaginosis
  • Chlamydia
  • Gonorrhea
  • AIDS/HIV
  • Syphilis
  • Hepatitis B, C, D

Question 51

Question
Which of the following infections are treated with antimicrobial agent therapy/other drug therapies?
Answer
  • Dental Caries
  • Peptic Ulcers
  • Botulism
  • Toxic Shock Syndrome
  • Septicemia/Septic Shock
  • Enteritis
  • Genital Herpes
  • Genital Warts
  • Clostridium difficile infection
  • HIV/AIDS

Question 52

Question
Which infections are treated with TLC and supportive measures?
Answer
  • Botulism
  • Staphylococcal Infection
  • Enteritis
  • Septicemia/Septic Shock
  • Cholera
  • Toxic Shock Syndrome
  • Poliomyelitis
  • Hepatitis A and E
  • Clostridium difficile infection

Question 53

Question
You observe the following symptoms in a patient: low-grade fever, anorexia and vomiting, followed by jaundice and pain in the region of the liver. Medical records reveal a history of IV drug abuse. This patient is most likely suffering from what?
Answer
  • Genital Warts
  • Chlamydia
  • Gonorrhea
  • Genital Herpes
  • Hepatitis B
  • AIDS

Question 54

Question
Select the ONE answer that is TRUE
Answer
  • cervical cancer can be a complication of genital herpes, but not genital warts
  • one will develop visible genital sores when they have genital herpes, but not when they have syphilis
  • HIV and gonorrhea are associated with chronic or latent infections, but neither chlamydia nor syphilis has a latent stage
  • penile cancer can be a complication of genital warts, but not genital herpes

Question 55

Question
Identify ALL the correct statements about HIV/AIDS
Answer
  • During asymptomatic HIV infection, levels of virus circulating in the blood remain high
  • Opportunistic diseases are the primary cause of mortality in AIDS patients
  • AIDS is still a significant cause of death of men between the ages of 25 and 44 years in the US
  • Although infected with HIV, people are not considered to have AIDS until they develop opportunistic infections or unusual cancers
  • Combination drug therapies are most effective in reducing circulating HIV than are therapies that utilize only individual drugs
  • During its replication cycle, HIV generates a DNA copy of its genome that is integrated into the chromosomes of infected host cells
  • HIV is remarkably stable genetically because it rarely undergoes mutations

Question 56

Question
Which statement about genitourinary infections are TRUE?
Answer
  • The lesions typical of genital warts occur only on the genitalia, not on (or in) any other part of the body
  • Hepatitis B and C are both associated with IV drug use and transfusions, as well as with promiscuous sexual behavior
  • In both men and women genital herpes causes genital lesions; it may result in PID, but not cervical damage, in women

Question 57

Question
Identify ALL the correct statements regarding HPV
Answer
  • High-risk types of HPV are the leading cause of oropharyangeal cancer
  • Low-risk HPV strains are not associated with metastatic cancer because they are not known to generate malignant tumors
  • The vaccine for HPV works in either males or females, and it works best when administered before the onset of sexual activity
  • Only females are at risk of developing cancer from HPV, so they are the only people who should receive HPV vaccine

Question 58

Question
In the US, men are typically diagnosed as having AIDS more readily than women because physicians often don't think to look for HIV in women at first since the incidence of HIV infection is higher in men and because women often develop opportunistic diseases or cancers than this that men develop as the infection progresses
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 59

Question
You observed profuse, severe diarrhea to dehydration in a patient. Serologic testing revealed the presence of antibodies to HIV in her blood. The disease signs in this patient most likely resulted from her having what?
Answer
  • Tuberculosis
  • Cryptosporidiosis
  • Pneumonystis pneumonia
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Kaposi's sarcoma
  • Candidiasis

Question 60

Question
Which of these statements about sexually transmitted diseases is TRUE
Answer
  • HIV originated in Africa in 1980, and was spread throughout the world primarily by homosexual contact
  • HIV and syphilis, but neither hepatitis nor genital warts, develop into systemic infections
  • Genital herpes, syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia infection can all increase the chances of infection with HIV…they are gateway diseases
  • Both HIV and genital warts, but not genital herpes, are likely to lead to secondary infections of other organisms

Question 61

Question
Which of these statements about sexually transmitted diseases is TRUE?
Answer
  • Vaccines are available for prevention of both hepatitis B and C, as well as for genital warts
  • Gardasil is effective in females, but not in males, despite great efforts to modify the vaccine so it would be more widely applicable
  • Once a person is infected with the etiological agents of these diseases, no antibiotic cure exists for genital herpes, genital warts or hepatitis B
  • Although there are medications (CTAs) that can help people infected with HIV manage their disease and live longer, they do not infection or AIDS

Question 62

Question
Select all of the following which can be transmitted from mother to infant
Answer
  • Chlamydia
  • Syphilis
  • Gonorrhea
  • Genital Herpes
  • Hepatitis B
  • HIV
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