Question 1
Question
[blank_start]Light[blank_end]: waves of electromagnetic radiation.
[blank_start]Rays[blank_end]: travels in straight lines at a constant, very high speed
[blank_start]Particles[blank_end]: discrete packets or 'quanta'.
Answer
-
Light
-
Particles
-
Rays
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Light
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Particles
-
Rays
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Light
-
Particles
-
Rays
Question 2
Question
[blank_start]Cornea[blank_end]: transparent window into the eyeball.
[blank_start]Pupil[blank_end]: dark, circular opening at the centre of the iris, where light enters the eye
[blank_start]Lens[blank_end]: enables changing focus using ciliary muscles
[blank_start]Retina[blank_end]: light-sensitive membrane in the back of the eye that contains rods and cones, which receive an image from the lens and send it back to the brain through the Optic Nerve.
[blank_start]Aqueous/Vitreous Humour[blank_end]: squishy bits
Answer
-
Cornea
-
Pupil
-
Lens
-
Retina
-
Aqueous/Vitreous Humour
Question 3
Question
Transduction occurs when:
Question 4
Question
Recombining rays from various directions to form a single point on the imaging surface is known as:
Answer
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Focusing
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Refracting
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Accommodation
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Transduction
Question 5
Question
Focusing is the job of the:
Question 6
Question
The [blank_start]cornea[blank_end] refracts light at a constant amount.
The [blank_start]lens[blank_end] refracts light by a variable amount.
Question 7
Question
[blank_start]Emmetropia[blank_end]: normal refractive condition
[blank_start]Myopia[blank_end]: short-sightedness
[blank_start]Hyperopia/Hypermetropia[blank_end]: long-sightedness
[blank_start]Presbyopia[blank_end]: inability to change accommodation
[blank_start]Astigmatism[blank_end]: different focal lengths for different orientations
Answer
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Emmetropia
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Myopia
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Hyperopia/Hypermetropia
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Presbyopia
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Astigmatism
Question 8
Question
Which of the following is true for myopia:
Answer
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Focal length is too short
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Light is focused behind the retina
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Need concave corrective lenses
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Occurs with old age
Question 9
Question
Rods: [blank_start]high[blank_end] sensitivity; [blank_start]night vision[blank_end]
Cones: [blank_start]lower[blank_end] sensitivity; [blank_start]daytime[blank_end]
Answer
-
high
-
low
-
daytime
-
night vision
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high
-
low
-
daytime
-
night vision
Question 10
Question
[blank_start]Rods[blank_end] & [blank_start]cones[blank_end] pass electrical impulses to [blank_start]ganglion[blank_end] cells (via [blank_start]bipolar[blank_end]/[blank_start]amacrine[blank_end]/[blank_start]horizontal[blank_end] cells). Ganglion cells have long [blank_start]axons[blank_end] that exit the eyeball via a bundle called the [blank_start]optic nerve[blank_end]. Where the optic nerve leaves the eye, there are no [blank_start]photoreceptors[blank_end] - this is the blind spot.
Answer
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Rods
-
cones
-
ganglion
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bipolar
-
amacrine
-
horizontal
-
axons
-
optic nerve
-
photoreceptors
Question 11
Question
There are many photoreceptors in the optic disk.
Question 12
Question
Receptive fields for foveal vision are:
Answer
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Smaller
-
Larger
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Densely packed
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Sparsely packed
Question 13
Question
Retinal ganglion cell axons terminate in the
Question 14
Question
Properties of OFF Centre cells:
Answer
-
Light on the inner portion causes a decrease in ganglion cell activity
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Tell us how bright an area is
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Help detect local luminance decrements
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Cancel out the effect of ON Centre cells
Question 15
Question
Having both OFF and ON Centre cells makes it more difficult to go below the spontaneous firing rate.
Question 16
Question
Layers [blank_start]1[blank_end], [blank_start]4[blank_end], and [blank_start]6[blank_end] are from the contralateral eye.
Layers [blank_start]2[blank_end], [blank_start]3[blank_end], and [blank_start]5[blank_end] are from the ipsilateral eye.
Question 17
Question
Magnocellular Cells: [blank_start]large[blank_end] RFs, [blank_start]fast[blank_end] response, [blank_start]high[blank_end] sensitivity, process [blank_start]motion[blank_end]
Parvocellular Cells: [blank_start]small[blank_end] RFs, [blank_start]low[blank_end] response, [blank_start]low[blank_end] sensitivity, process [blank_start]colour[blank_end]
Answer
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large
-
fast
-
high
-
motion
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small
-
slow
-
low
-
colour
Question 18
Question
The majority of the focusing power in the eyes comes from the lens
Question 19
Question
High pressure of the aqueous humour can cause:
Answer
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Glaucoma
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Retinal damage
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Blindness
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Myopia
Question 20
Question
When our pupils constrict, our depth of focus [blank_start]increases[blank_end].
Question 21
Question
[blank_start]Horizontal[blank_end] Cells: receptors synapse with bipolar cells
[blank_start]Amacrine[blank_end] Cells: bipolar cells synapse with ganglion cells
Answer
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Amacrine
-
Horizontal
-
Amacrine
-
Horizontal
Question 22
Question
When only rods are active, vision is [blank_start]scotopic[blank_end]; when rods cannot function, vision is [blank_start]photopic[blank_end]; when both rods and cones are active, vision is [blank_start]mesopic[blank_end].
Answer
-
scotopic
-
photopic
-
mesopic
Question 23
Question
Axons from the [blank_start]temporal[blank_end] side of the retina don't crossover at the optic chiasm.
Question 24
Question
How many layers does each LGN have?
Answer
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6 - 2 magnocellular & 4 parvocellular
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4 - 2 magnocellular & 2 parvocellular
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6 - 4 magnocellular & 2 parvocelluolar
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4 - 2 contralateral and 2 ipsilateral in each
Question 25
Question
OFF Centre cells are sombrero shaped
Question 26
Answer
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Only signal the 'edges' in patters
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Respond to absolute rates of intensity
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Nothing changes when the overall level of illumination goes up or down
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Have antagonistic receptive fields
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The surrounding area does the same job as the centre of the cell