Question 1
Question
It takes about 6 weeks for the fibrocartilage in a fetus to begin developing into bones(ossification.)
Question 2
Question
The [blank_start]diaphysis[blank_end] of long bones is the [blank_start]primary[blank_end] centre of ossification. The [blank_start]secondary centres[blank_end] occur in the [blank_start]epiphysis[blank_end]. These are separated by the epiphyseal plate, which is initially cartilaginous but becomes bone later in life.
Answer
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diaphysis
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primary
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secondary centres
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epiphysis
Question 3
Question
The process of bone growing in width is called moulding.
Question 4
Question
During moulding:
(Choose ALL CORRECT statements.)
Answer
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Osteoblasts in the periosteum increase bone width.
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Osteoclasts form the medullary cavity.
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Osteoblasts in the medullary cavity form the trabeculae.
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Osteoclasts increase the width of the periosteum.
Question 5
Question
In children, the medullary cavity is full of yellow marrow to facilitate the continuous growth, while in adults the medullary cavity is filled with red marrow.
Question 6
Question
Red marrow is red as it is highly vascularised.
Question 7
Question
What is epiphyseal fusion?
Answer
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The calcification of the region between an epiphysis and edge of the medullary cavity.
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The ossification of the epiphyseal joint.
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The ossification of the epiphyseal plate.
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The merging of two regions of bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis.
Question 8
Question 9
Question
Osteoporosis is the weakening of the bone due to porousness, caused by osteoblastic activity overtaking osteoclastic activity.
Question 10
Question
Weakening of cancellous bone commonly leads to compression fractures.
Question 11
Question
Which of these is not a cause or contributing factor to risk of osteoporosis?
Question 12
Question
Assign these stages of a fracture with a time frame:
A hematoma forms, capillaries growing into it and phagocytes cleaning up debris, [blank_start]immediately[blank_end].
Chondroblasts form a soft procallus of cartilage, [blank_start]within 3 days[blank_end].
Osteoblasts ossify the callus into a bony callus, [blank_start]by 6 weeks.[blank_end]
Normal activity remodels the bone in the following weeks, or potentially [blank_start]years[blank_end] until the callus has disappeared (generally in adults.)
Answer
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almost immediately
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after 24 hours
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within 3 days
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within 3 weeks
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by 6 weeks.
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by 6 months
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years
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months
Question 13
Question
Not fixing a fracture results in pseudoarthrosis.
Question 14
Question
Which fracture has the most potential risk?
Answer
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Compound fracture
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Open fracture
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Greenstick fracture