What are the reaction conditions for the bromination (halogenation) of benzene?
Answer
Br2
Br2 / FeBr3
Br2 / HCl
Question 2
Question
What are the reaction conditions for the nitration of benzene?
Answer
Conc HNO3, Conc HCL, 50 degrees
Conc HNO2, Conc HCl, 40 degrees
HNO3, HCL 10 degrees
Question 3
Question
What are the conditions for making phenylamine from nitrobenzene?
Answer
Sn catalyst/conc HCl
Sn catalyst/conc HCl and reflux
Fe catalyst and reflux
Question 4
Question
Select the correct conditions below for diazotisation (creating a benzenediazonium ion from phenylamine)
Answer
NaNO2
HCl (aq)
below 10 degrees
below 20 degrees
H2SO4
Chlorine gas
HNO3
Question 5
Question
The conditions for creating an azo dye are...
Phenol and acidic
Answer
True
False
Question 6
Question
How can you make sodium phenoxide from phenol?
Answer
Add NaOH
Add Na
Add NaNO3
Add chlorine
Question 7
Question
How do you make an aldehyde from a primary alcohol?
Answer
Oxidise with acidified potassium dichromate. Example of an acid could be sulphuric acid.
Reflux
Oxidise with Tollen's reagent. And sulphuric acid.
Distil.
Oxidise with acidified potassium dichromate. Example of an acid could be sulphuric acid.
Distil immediately.
Question 8
Question
How do you reduce an aldehyde/ketone to form an alcohol?
Answer
Add NaBH4
Add NaBH4 , ensure the mixture is aqueous.
Add HCL and alcohol
Question 9
Question
How do you reduce an aldehyde/ketone to form an alcohol?
Answer
Add NaBH4
Add NaBH4 , ensure the mixture is aqueous.
Add HCL and alcohol
Question 10
Question
How would you oxidise a secondary alcohol to a ketone?
Answer
Reflux with acidified potassium dichromate (suitable acid would be sulfuric).
Reflux with hydrochloric acid
Add NaBH4 (aq) and warm
Question 11
Question
How would you test for an aldehyde using Tollen's reagent (ammoniacal silver nitrate)?
Answer
Make Tollen's reagent fresh using silver nitrate, add sodium hydroxide to form a precipitate and then just dissolve the precipitate using ammonia. Add your aldehyde to the solution of Tollen's, warm the mixture, and observe the formation of a silver mirror (precipitate).
Make Tollen's reagent fresh using silver nitrate, add sodium hydroxide to form a precipitate and then just dissolve the precipitate using ammonia. Add your aldehyde to the solution of Tollen's, and observe the formation of a silver mirror (precipitate).
Add your aldehyde to the solution of bottled Tollen's reagent, and observe the formation of a silver mirror (precipitate).
Question 12
Question
How would you make an ester?
Answer
Add alcohol and carboxylic acid. In the presence of a sulfuric acid catalyst. Reflux
Add alcohol and carboxylic acid. In the presence of a sulfuric acid catalyst.
Add alcohol and carboxylic acid. In the presence of a sulfuric acid catalyst. Distil
Add alcohol and acid. In the presence of a sulfuric acid catalyst.
Add alcohol and carboxylic acid. In the presence of a nitric acid catalyst.
Question 13
Question
How would you go about conducting acid hydrolysis of an ester?
Answer
Ensure an excess of water,
Dilute HCl catalyst,
Reflux
Ensure an excess of water,
Dilute NaOH
Reflux
Dilute HCl,
Reflux
Question 14
Question
How would you go about conducting an alkaline hydrolysis on an ester?
Answer
Aqueous NaOH,
Reflux
HCl
NaOH
Distil
Question 15
Question
How would you convert a halogenoalkane to an alcohol?
Answer
Add NaOH/water,
Add NaOH,
Reflux
Add NaOH/water,
Reflux
Question 16
Question
How would you make an aliphatic amine from a halogenoalkane?
Answer
Add excess ammonia, in an ethanol solvent, and reflux