Test 8

What percent makes up our body Organic molecules: [blank_start]40%[blank_end] Water: [blank_start]60%[blank_end]

[blank_start]Direct[blank_end] disturbance: the cell itself is affected [blank_start]Indirect[blank_end] disturbance: the effect of radiation on water

Label the image

Label the image

How much chromosomes does a zygote have?

How much chromosomes does a spermatogonium have?

A secondary oocyte has how many chromosomes?

An ootid has how many chromosomes?

Somatic cells are what?

Somatic cells are every cell except for nerve cells

G1: [blank_start]growth phase[blank_end] S: [blank_start]synthesis phase[blank_end] G2: [blank_start]naturation phase[blank_end]

[blank_start]Naturation phase[blank_end]: structures synthesized readying for mitosis [blank_start]Growth phase[blank_end]: cellular contents duplicated except for chromosomes [blank_start]Synthesis phase[blank_end]: chromosomes start in here

Centrioles start to migrate to the equator

Nucleus and chromosomes enlarges

Chromatids attach to spindle fibers

Centromeres line up

Microscopic investigation may be done to determine radiation-induced damage

Centromeres migrate along spindle fibers toward centriole

Cell begins to divide

Nucleus splits

Cytokinesis - cytoplasm splits

Oxygenated tissue is [blank_start]more[blank_end] sensitive to radiation effects than hypoxic tissue at [blank_start]lower[blank_end] energies

Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau: The radiosensitivity of cells is [blank_start]directly[blank_end] proportional to their reproductive activity and [blank_start]inversely[blank_end] proportional to their degree of differentiation

Most sensitive to least sensitive to radiation 1. [blank_start]pre-birth[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]old age[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]maturity[blank_end]

Fractionation is small doses delivered over a period of time

As LET increases, the potential for biologic damage [blank_start]increases[blank_end]

What is the most sensitive phase of a cell cycle?

What is the second most sensitive phase of a cell cycle?

What is the least sensitive phase of a cell cycle?

Choose all that apply to deterministic effects

Choose all that apply to non-deterministic effects

What are the thresholds for the three syndromes of ARS? Gastrointestinal: [blank_start]10-50 gy[blank_end] Hematopoietic: [blank_start]2-10gy[blank_end] Central nervous: [blank_start]50 gy[blank_end]

What are the symptoms for prodromal?

[blank_start]Uranium[blank_end]: Hiroshima [blank_start]Plutonium[blank_end]: Nagasaki

Establishes radiation standards

Set standards for radiation protection in US

Who recommended that the shortest exposure possible should be used?

[blank_start]Effective dose[blank_end]: Sievert & Rem [blank_start]Equivalent dose[blank_end]: Gray

The tube housing should have no more than [blank_start]100[blank_end] mR or [blank_start]0.88[blank_end] mGy/hour at [blank_start]1[blank_end] meter of leakage

What is the total filtration amount if using 70 kVp or more?

Fluoroscopy tower curtains should have how many mm of lead equivalent?

[blank_start]Controlled area[blank_end]: Area where activities are controlled to ensure radiation protective measures [blank_start]Workload[blank_end]: the amount of radiation generated in room per unit time (patient load) [blank_start]Use factor[blank_end]: the amount of time the beam is directed at a primary barrier per week [blank_start]Uncontrolled area[blank_end]: Area without radiation-based restrictions (ex. hallways) [blank_start]Secondary[blank_end]: Barriers that absorb secondary and scatter radiation [blank_start]Occupancy time[blank_end]: the amount of time a space beyond the barrier is occupied (another room, perhaps) [blank_start]Primary[blank_end]: Barriers that absorb radiation from primary beam

What is the occupational dose limit per year?

What is the nonoccupational dose limit per week?

[blank_start]Aprons[blank_end]: 0.25 Pb equivalent [blank_start]Gloves[blank_end]: 0.25 Pb equivalent [blank_start]Eyewear[blank_end]: 0.35 Pb equivalent [blank_start]Thyroid shield[blank_end]: 0.50 Pb equivalent

What is the dose limit for a pregnant tech?

What is the dose limit for a fetal monitor in a term?

What is the SI unit for radioactivity?