9173884
Description
Question 1
Question
Which of these best describes selective toxicity?
Answer
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The toxicity of a treatment of antibiotics gauged by effect on the host cells.
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The property of antibiotics that allow them to kill microbial cells but not the host cells.
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The property of a drug meaning they affect only some cells and not other. One which kills microbial cells but not host cells is an ideal antibiotic.
Question 2
Question
How does penicillin work?
Answer
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It interferes with the formation of the peptidoglycan wall by inhibiting formation of cross links.
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It mimics the enzyme which forms the polyglycopeptides preventing the NAG NAM chain from forming.
Question 3
Question
What are five ways bacteria can be targeted by microbes?
Answer
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Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
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Inhibition of protein synthesis
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Disruption of cytoplasmic membrane
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Inhibition of general metabolic pathway
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Inhibition of DNA/RNA synthesis
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Degradation of intracellular enzymes
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Opsonisation of flagella
Question 4
Question
Antibiotic resistance will be conferred on the [blank_start]survivors[blank_end] of an antibiotic, hence the microbe has a [blank_start]selection pressure[blank_end] to evolve to resist antibiotics. An example of this is enzyme [blank_start]beta-lactamase[blank_end] produced by some microbes, which breaks and disables the [blank_start]lactam[blank_end] ring of penicillin.
Microbial resistance can also be passed on by [blank_start]vertical or horizontal[blank_end] gene transfer.
Answer
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survivors
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selection pressure
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beta-lactamase
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lactam
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vertical or horizontal
Question 5
Question
Which of these is not a method to reduce the development of antibiotic resistance?
Answer
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Decrease antibiotic utilisation
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Combination therapy
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Improve diagnostics
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Identify new targets
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Identify new antibiotics
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