Topic 1: Cell Biology

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These slides contain all the information necessary for Topic 1: Cell Biology of Semester 1.
Caleb Merrique
Slide Set by Caleb Merrique, updated more than 1 year ago
Caleb Merrique
Created by Caleb Merrique about 6 years ago
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Slide 1

    Topic 1: Cell Biology
    You have 2 choices: The red pill which when you take it you'll exit this slide set, close the site or app and forget all about this. OR The blue pill which when you take it you'll continue the slide set and see how far the rabbit hole really goes. Your choice. Enjoy.

Slide 2

    Typical Prokaryotic Cell: Escherichia (E) coli
    Cell Wall - contains murein or peptidoglycan which is made up of polysaccharide (sugar) chains. It is cross-linked at regular intervals by amino acids. Cell Wall prevents the cell from bursting when water is absorbed via osmosis. Cell Surface Membrane -  a semi-permeable membrane that surround the living material in the cell. The structure/ functions are the same as in Eukaryotes. It is also the site for some respiration enzymes. It forms mesosomes and or photosynthetic membranes .
    Mesosomes - infolds of the cell membrane. Organizes the separation of DNA in the two daughter molecules, after replication. It helps in the formation of cross-walls between the daughter cells. Site of Aerobic respiration.  Photosynthetic Bacteria - sac-like, tubular or sheet like infolds with photosynthetic pigments. Capsules - slimy, gummy secretions of some bacteria. the secretions help bacteria to colonize and enable them to stick to surfaces and it offers additional protection for the bacteria.

Slide 3

    Typical Prokaryotic Cell: Escherichia (E) coli
    Genetic Material - Bacterial DNA is a single circular molecule. It is made up of 5 million base pairs and is 1mm long. The total DNA (genome) is less than that of a eukaryote, thus the information is also less (genetic information).  Ribosomes - Site of PROTEIN  SYNTHESIS  Flagella - Allows bacteria to be motile (movement due to metabolic energy). Propels the cell by rotating at its base in a corkscrew like motion.
    Pili - Numerous protein rods that project from some bacteria's walls. They are shorter than flagella and allows the attachment to other cells and surfaces Plasmids - additional to the strand of circular DNA is a plasmid, a small self-replicating circle containing extra DNA. It has only a few genes, which give extra survival advantage.
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