Unit 6.1 and 6.2 Review

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Unit 6.2 and 6.3 Review

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Atoms

Atoms are the building blocks of the universe. Everything you use, even just simple plain water is made up of atoms. There are only 100 different types of atoms but millions of different combinations can be made of that 100. Let me use the example of the Lego blocks that nearly EVERYONE uses. If you have three different Legos, one red, blue and green. You can stack them in at least nine different ways. So imagine those 100 different atoms were Lego blocks and think of all the different combinations or "ways you can stack them". Do you get it?

Extra - The STM

As you all know, STM stands for scanning tunelling microscope. The scanning tunnelling microscope is the only microscope in the world that you can see atoms with. It was invented in 1981 by two scientists; Gerd Binning and Heinrich Rohrer. They ended up winning the Nobel Peace Prize in 1986.

IBM Atomic Shorts: History of the scanning tunneling microscope (Embed)

Substances and compounds

Substances are made up of atoms. Some substances are made up of one type of one type of atom and others are made up of many different types of atoms. For example, oxygen is made up of only oxygen atoms, while water is made up of oxygen and hyrogen atoms. Substances made of many different atoms are called compounds. Subststances made of only one atom are called elements. Oil is an example of a substance.

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Elements

Elements are substances made up of just one type of atom. An example is copper. Copper is made up of just copper atoms. Some other examples are oxygen, hydrogen, and gold. They're all made up of the same atoms.

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Did You Know?

Water, glucose and carbon mooxide are all made of the same atoms?Let me explain. Think about about the atoms I metioned earlier. There are 100 different types and how it linked to Legos. Glucose, carbon monoxide and water are all made of the same atoms, which are hydrogen, oxygen and carbon. Hydrogen, oxygen and carbon monoxide are three different things, but because the atoms in water, hydrogen and corbon monixide are made in different combinations, they are different. Before, I mentioned that three different Legos can be stacked in nine different ways. The atoms which are the Legos, are stacked in nine different ways too.

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Caption: : The white atoms are hydrogen, the black ones are carbon, and the red ones are oxygen.

Propereties

Properties are basically the charecteristics of an element - AKA (the words you use to describe the physical apperanceof an element). When it comes to elements, scientists like to seperate them into metallic or non-metallic, but those are not the only propereties that you can describe an element as.

The Science of Lunch: Crash Course Kids #15.2 (Embed)

Organizing Properties: Crash Course Kids #35.1 (Embed)

Videos on properties

Metallic elements

As mentioned before, scientists divide all elements into two groups; metallic and non-metallic. Metallic elements are usually metals and are used for jewlery, electronics and constructing buildings. Some of their properties are; They are usually shiny and can be polished, which makes them lustrous. They are solid at room temperature. They are good conuctors of heat and electricity. can be bent or hammered into dfferent shapes, which makes them malleable. can be stretched into wires, whuch makes them ductile. All these properties is what makes metals so useful for things like roofing, electrical wires and devices and cooking pots and pans.

Extra - Gallium

Gallium, is element number 31 in the periodic table and is a bit like mercury. It looks silvery and glass-like and costs approximately $220 per 100 g. What is so interesting about galium is that it is a liquid, but a metal and its satisfying and SAFE to touch.

Mystifying metal safe to touch (Embed)

Non metallic elements

Non metallic elements are elements that aren't metals. They have a lower melting point and boiling point than metallic elements. Here are some of their properties; They tend to be dull (not shiny). Do not conduct electricity break or crumble when you bend them, which makes them brittle.

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Caption: : Carbon is an example of a non metal.

Extra - Chroline and WW1

Chroline, which is a non-metal was used in World War l, as one of the first 'weapons of mass destruction'. Chroline is extremely toxic when breathed in and if you do breathe it in, it causes you painful suffocation. They filled the trenches where the soldiers fought with chroline to kill them.

WWI The First Modern War: The Germans Release the First WMD | History (Embed)

Caption: : Chroline was used in World War I.

Periodic table

The periodic table is a table that scientists made. They put it together in an organized way and seperated all the elements in them. There are 118 elements in the periodic table. 98 of them are natural and the other 20 are man-made.

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Caption: : The periodic table of elements.

Extra - You think you cant memorise it?

Alot of people memorise the periodic table by year 9 or 10. Most people in this classroom haven't memorised it though, and think its too hard. Well, Briele from California is only three years old and knows the periodic table by heart!

Adorable 3-Year-Old Periodic Table Expert Brielle (Embed)

Chemical symbols

Scientists are lazy. That's the bottom line of this slide. But I'll explain it anyway.Scientists don't always write out the entire names of elements and instead sometimes write a chemical symbol, which is a shortcut. In the periodic table, you won't see the word carbon written out but you'll see Ca instead. Chemical symbols are ususally the first two letters of the word but this is not always the case. Scientists can even get sooooo lazy that they just write the letter 'K' instead of pottasium. Wow!

Extra - Albert Einstein

I just said that scientists were lazy. Alberst Einstein is one of the most famous scientists in the world and he was the laziest kid in his school when he was little. He used to get Cs in his report card and sometimes Fs. He was a genius all along, but its just that he didnt have the confidence to express his smartness.

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Okay...

I think I've covered alot! I have already done flashcards on these units so I dont wanna do anymore, and if yr not bored you will be if i continue! Jst one more thing....

Motivational video

EVERYBODY DIES, BUT NOT EVERYBODY LIVES (Embed)

The Story That Moved This Entire Middle School to Tears (Embed)

Whoever dosen't cry is heartless!!

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Da End!

Hope I've made you guys learn something, and wasted enough time of yours!! HAHAHAHA!