Question 1
Question
1. Which of the following types of intensifying screens are not used in industrial radiography?
Answer
-
(a) Lead
-
(b) Fluorescent
-
(c) Silver halide
-
(d) All of the above
Question 2
Question
2. Betatrons are used to produce X rays in what range?
Answer
-
(a) Several MeV
-
(b) 50-500 keV
-
(c) 500-1000 keV
-
(d) 0-50 keV
Question 3
Question
3. Which of the following is an isotope not artificially produced for industrial use:
Answer
-
(a) Ir-192
-
(b) Ra-226
-
(c) Co-60
-
(d) All of the above
Question 4
Question
4. One half value layer of lead for Iridium-192 is approximately:
Question 5
Question
5. One half value layer of lead for Cobalt-60 is approximately:
Question 6
Question
6. The film processing step in which the undeveloped silver bromide is removed from the film emulsion is called:
Answer
-
Development
-
Stop bath
-
Fixing
-
Rinsing
Question 7
Question
7. A radiation producing device which emits radiation of one or a few discreet wavelengths is:
Answer
-
An X ray machine
-
A linear accelerator
-
A gamma ray source
-
A betatron
Question 8
Question
8. The intensifying action of lead screens is caused by:
Question 9
Question
9. Most of the energy applied to an X ray tube is converted into:
Answer
-
X rays
-
Light
-
Heat
-
Ultraviolet radiation
Question 10
Question
10. Radiography of tubular sections using a double wall, double viewing technique is mainly applicable to sections:
Question 11
Question
11. Which of the following is the most common method of packaging film?
Question 12
Question
12. Which of the following types of radiation is particulate?
Answer
-
(a) X
-
(b) Gamma
-
(c) Alpha
-
(d) None of the above
Question 13
Question
13. Most scattered radiation which adversely affects the radiographic image quality originates:
Answer
-
(a) From floors and walls adjacent to the test piece
-
(b) From other nearby objects
-
(c) From the test piece itself
-
(d) From the lead intensifying screens
Question 14
Question
14. An effect of scattered radiation is to:
Answer
-
(a) Decrease required exposure time
-
(b) Diminish contrast, detail and clarity of radiographic image
-
(c) Decrease film density
-
(d) All of the above
Question 15
Question
15. What is the most important factor in determining the archival quality of radiographic film?
Question 16
Question
16. Radiographic enlargement to distinguish small defects is possible:
Question 17
Question
17. A detrimental effect of fluorescent screens might be:
Question 18
Question
18. The penetrating power of an X ray machine is indicated by:
Answer
-
(a) Milliamperage
-
(b) Tube voltage
-
(c) Filament current
-
(d) Anode current
Question 19
Question
19. Reticulation may be the result of:
Answer
-
(a) Inadequate agitation of the film during development
-
(b) Inadequate water rinse during processing
-
(c) Using exhausted stop bath solution
-
(d) Developing solutions not maintained at the same temperatures.
Question 20
Question
20. The main advantage of having small focal spot on an X ray tube is:
Answer
-
(a) Heat is conducted away more efficiently than with a large focal spot
-
(b) A smaller focal spot is unlikely to be damaged from the required tube currents
-
(c) Longer tube life
-
(d) A smaller focal spot allows sharper radiographic images than does a larger focal spot
Question 21
Question
21. Cobalt-60 is produced by:
Question 22
Question
22. For a particular isotope, gamma radiation intensity is determined by:
Question 23
Question
23. Which of the following statements should be true to achieve the highest level of radiographic sharpness (definition)?
Answer
-
(a) The focal spot should be as small as practicable
-
(b) The focal spot to test piece distance should be as large as practicable
-
(c) The film to test piece distance should be as small as practicable
-
(d) All of the above
Question 24
Question
24. Which of the following correctly expresses the inverse square law if I1=dose rate nearest source, I2=dose rate furthest from the source, D1=distance nearest to source and D2=distance furthest from the source:
Answer
-
(a) I1/I2 = D1^2/D2^2
-
(b) I1^2/I2^2 = D1/D2
-
(c) I1/I2 = D2^2/D1^2
-
(d) I1^2/I2^2 = D2/D1
Question 25
Question
25. Thicker materials would normally be inspected using:
Answer
-
(a) Lower kV X rays
-
(b) Higher mA X rays
-
(c) Higher kV X rays
-
(d) Lower mA X rays
Question 26
Question
26. Another name for a penetrameter is:
Question 27
Question
27. The silver nitrate spot test can be used to:
Answer
-
(a) Check the film for film quality
-
(b) Check for under developed films
-
(c) Check for film artifacts
-
(d) All the above answers are correct
Question 28
Question
28. The difference in densities seen on a radiograph due to section changes in an item is:
Question 29
Question
29. Which type of film would exhibit the coarsest grain?
Question 30
Question
30. An advantage of a gamma ray source is:
Answer
-
(a) Radiation may be turned on or off at will
-
(b) Outside power is normally not required
-
(c) Less shielding is required than for X ray
-
(d) All of the above
Question 31
Question
31. Higher X ray tube voltages result in:
Answer
-
(a) Shorter wavelengths X rays
-
(b) Less penetrating X rays
-
(c) Fewer X rays in the primary beam
-
(d) All of the above
Question 32
Question
32. A casting flaw which is formed when two masses of molten metal flowing from different directions flow together, but fail to fuse, is called:
Answer
-
(a) A hot tear
-
(b) Shrinkage
-
(c) A cold crack
-
(d) A cold shut
Question 33
Question
33. X rays are produced by:
Question 34
Question
34. Which of the following is a function of lead screens?
Question 35
Question
35. A silver nitrate spot test might be used to:
Answer
-
(a) Check for archival film quality
-
(b) Check for out of date film
-
(c) Check for single versus double emulsion film
-
(d) Any of the above
Question 36
Question
36. A linear accelerator is used to produce X rays having energy in the range of:
Answer
-
(a) Several MeV
-
(b) 50-500 keV
-
(c) 500-1000 keV
-
(d) 0-50 keV
Question 37
Question
37. How is the wavelength of scattered radiation compared to the primary beam?
Answer
-
(a) Longer than the wavelength of the primary beam
-
(b) Shorter than the wavelength of the primary beam
-
(c) Same as the wavelength of the primary beam
-
(d) Not related
Question 38
Question
38.Which of the following viewing conditions is most desirable for interpreting radiographic film?
Answer
-
(a) Brightness of surroundings approximately the same as the area of interest on the radiograph
-
(b) Totally dark viewing room
-
(c) Well lit viewing room
-
(d) None of the above
Question 39
Question
39. Pinhole radiography would be used to:
Answer
-
(a) Make high quality radiographs for critical inspection
-
(b) Determine focal spot size
-
(c) Construct exposure charts
-
(d) None of the above
Question 40
Question
40. A straight, dark line in the centre of the film of a weld cap would probably be:
Answer
-
(a) Porosity
-
(b) Undercut
-
(c) Tungsten inclusions
-
(d) A linear crack
Question 41
Question
41. Which one of the following steps is necessary to dissolve the undarkened silver salt crystals in the film emulsion:
Answer
-
(a) Developing
-
(b) Fixing
-
(c) Washing
-
(d) None of the above
Question 42
Question
42. Approximately what energy X ray machine would be required to have penetrating power equivalent to a Cobalt-60 source:
Answer
-
(a) 600 keV
-
(b) 1.2 MeV
-
(c) 2 MeV
-
(d) None of the above
Question 43
Question
43. The normal range of steel that is radiographed using Ir-192 is:
Answer
-
(a) 5 mm–20 mm
-
(b) 25mm–75mm
-
(c) 0.5mm–5mm
-
(d) 75mm–150mm
Question 44
Question
44. The focal spot size of an X ray machine must be known in order to determine:
Question 45
Question
45. X ray intensity is a function of :
Answer
-
(a) Cathode current
-
(b) Step down ratio of the filament transformer
-
(c) The distance from the test piece
-
(d) Size of the anode (target)
Question 46
Question
46. What is the minimum age in years at which a person may perform radiography :
Answer
-
(a) 15
-
(b) 18
-
(c) 21
-
(d) 30
Question 47
Question
47. A densitometer is an instrument that measures:
Answer
-
(a) Radiographic contrast
-
(b) Radiographic sensitivity
-
(c) Radiographic density
-
(d) Radiographic resolution
Question 48
Question
48. Which of the following is the correct formula to use for calculating geometric unsharpness if F=source size, T=specimen thickness, D=source to object distance and Ug=geometric unsharpness:
Answer
-
(a) Ug = FD/T
-
(b) Ug = DT/F
-
(c) Ug = FT/D
-
(d) Ug = FTD
Question 49
Question
49. A wetting agent is used in film processing to:
Answer
-
(a) More closely control development
-
(b) Prevent formation of water marks during the drying stage
-
(c) Reduce formation of air bubbles in the developer solution
-
(d) Reduce formation of air bubbles in the fixer
Question 50
Question
50. Film intensifying screens are normally used to: