Biology

Biology

magnification
1. M= magnification
  1. M= I/A
2. I= Image size
  1. I= M*A
3. A= Actual size
  1. A= I/M
Rules for Scientific diagrams
1. Drawing needs a title
2. Each drawing should be done with a sharp pencil and ruler
3. draw a square first
4. Label the diagram
5. Write down magnification of the drawing
Organelles
1. nucleus
  1. contains DNA and controls cell activity
2. Chloroplast
  1. in the cytoplasm. They convert light into energy that the plants use. This is called photosynthesis
3. Mitochondria
  1. where respiration takes place
4. vacuole
  1. large storage space filled with sap. Stores food/nutrients the cell needs to survive
5. Cytoplasm
  1. holds the cells in place
6. Cell wall
  1. gives cell its shape. Supports thecell
7. Cell membrane
  1. Controls what comes in and what comes out
Cells
1. Red blood cell
  1. Has no nucleus. carries oxygen around the body
2. Egg cell
  1. Carries mothers DNA. much larger than any other cell
3. Root hair cell
  1. Absorbs minerals and water from soil. It has a larger surface area to absorblots of water
4. Sperm cell
  1. Carries fathers DNA. has a long tail so it can swim to the egg cell
5. White blood cell
  1. Has a flexible shape to help engulf diseases organism
6. Nerve cell
  1. Carries nerve impulses around body. they have many branches at ends to connect to other nerve cells
7. Palisade cell
  1. carries photosynthesis by using chloroplast to absorb sunlight
food tests
1. Carbohydrates
2. Protein
3. Lipids (fats and oils)
4. Test for starch is IODINE
5. Test for reducing sugars is called the Benedict's test
6. Test for protein is called the BIURET test
7. Test for lipids is called the EMULSION test
Glucose + oxygen to Carbon Dioxide + Water
Enzymes
1. The substance that binds to the enzyme is called substrates
2. The part where binding takes place is called the active site
3. When the enzyme and substrate are bound together, it is called enzyme-substance complex
4. The name of the substance when it releasessfrom the enzyme is called a product
5. When compared to enzymes in digestion this is a synthesis reaction
6. An enzyme is usually made of proteins.
  1. Biological catalysts
  2. Do not get used up
  3. Substrate (eg insoluble food) fits into the Active site of the enzyme where it can be broken down or bound together and then be released
  4. Enzymes can only react with a specific substreate
Eukaryotic= with a nucleus
1. Prokaryotic= without a nucleus
Specialised cells- A specialised is a cell that has adapted to do its function.
1. For example a sperm cell. A sperm cell has a tail to help swim. There are enzymes in the head. Has a large number of mitochondria fro repiration for energy

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	Erstellt von Alex Ellson vor etwa 7 Jahre