Zusammenfassung der Ressource
sustainable development
- 1987: world conference on Environment and development Published a report on '' our common future''
- Development that meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs
- REQUIREMENTS : SYSTEMS THINKING / HOLLLISTIC THINKING / HANDLING
UNCERTAINTY / CHOICES AND TRADE OFFS : SOCAILLY CNSTRUCTED /
CAERFUL CRITICAL THINKING
- WCED critical objectives : REVIVING GROWTH/ CHANGING THE QUALITY OF GROWTH/
MEETING ESSENTIAL NEEDS FOR JOBS,FOOD,ENERGY,WATER AND SANITATION/
ENSURING A SUSTAINABLE LEVEL OF POPULATION/ CONSERVING AND ENHANCING THE
RESOURCE BASE/ REORIENTEERING TECNOLOGY AND MANAGIN RISK/ MERGIN
ENVIRONMENT AND ECONOMICS IN DECISION MAKING.
- DEPENDANCY THEORY: under development was not the result of any inadequacies in economic, social or
environmental conditions within those countries themselves BUT the direct outcome of development elsewhere, and
the manner in which those countried were incorporated into the operations of the international capitalist system
- STAGES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
- TRADITIONAL
SOCIETY
- PRE-CONDITIONS
OF TAKE OFF
- TAKE OFF
- DRIVE TO
MATURITY
- HIGH MASS
CONSUMPTION
- limited technology and
static society
- commercial exploitation of
agriculture and extractive
industry
- development of a
manufacturing sector
- development of a wider
industrial and commercial
base
- transision triggered by external
influences interests or markets
- installation of physical
infrastructure and
emergence of political
and social elite
- investment in
manufacturing
exceed 10% of
national income;
development of
modern social,
political and
economic
institutions
- exploitation of
comparative
advantages in
international
trade
- MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
- 1: eradicate extreme poverty ad hunger
- 2. achieve universal primary education
- 3. promote gender equality and empower women
- 4. reduce child morality
- 5. improve maternal health
- 6. combat hiv/aids and other diseases including malaria
- 7. ensure environmental sustainability
- 8.develiop a global partnership
for development
- the environment mattes mostly to poorer groups
- dependant on naturl resouces for livelihoods
- live in some of the most inheritantly poor environments
- '''marginality'' extensds to political and ecomolicl awell ad environmenta
- vulnerability to hazards
- suffer irst through environmentl change
- development not meeting needs of present
- life expectancy declining in parts of SSA
- 10 million children die ever year before the age pf 5