Geography

Geography

Climate Change
Living in an Active Zone
1. Crust: Solid rock/the crust is solid rock varying in thickness
  1. Oceanic Crust - younger/denser/can be destroyed
  2. Continental Crust - older/lighter/cannot be destroyed
2. Mantle: Liquid rock (magma)/the mantle in molten rocks
3. Outer core: Liquid iron and nickel/the outer core is liquid nickel and iron with high pressure and temperature
4. Inner core: Solid iron and nickel/the inner core is a solid nickel and iron. very high pressure and highest temperature
5. Plate Boundries
  1. Destructive plate boundries (converging)
    1. Oceanic crust collides with Continental cruset
    2. Oceanic crust is pushed under the Continental crust as it is denser and heavier
    3. The oceanic crust is destroyed in the heat and pressure of the mantle
    4. Builds up heat, pressure and friction and forces the molten rock (magma) UPWARDS
    5. The magma forces its way through the CRUST in a huge and violent volcanic eruption
    6. Volcanoes are formed
    7. Volcanic Island chains are formed
    8. Deep ocean tenches are found where 1 plate is pushed beneath another
  2. Constructive plate boundries (diverging)
    1. Volcanoes are formed
      1. The MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE is a ridge formed beneath the atlantic ocean where 2 plates are splitting apart
        Iceland is actually sitting on top of this split and is therefore splitting in to two
    2. A constructive plate boundary is where 2 plates move apart (DIVERGE)
    3. This is caused by convection in the mantle which drag the 2 plates apart
    4. Magma rises to the surface between the two plates and forms a RIDGE under the ocean
  3. Conservative plate boundries
    1. A conservative plate boundary is one where 2 plates push past one another
    2. When one plate catches on another and suddenly jerks past one another, an earthquake is produced
    3. SAN ANDREAS FAULT
  4. Collision plate boundary
    1. A collision boundary is one where 2 continental plates, push together
    2. The two plates, because they are both lighter, continental plates, push upwards against one another. This produces a folding effect on the plates and they form FOLD mountains
Polulation change
Water
1. Erosion
  1. rock is worn away by the river
  2. types of erosion: 1- hydraulic action 2. Abrasion 3/ Attrition/Corrasion 4. Corrosion
    1. Abrasion: the erosion of the river bottom and the riverbank by material being carried by the river itself
    2. Attrition: the rocks and pebbles being carried by the river itself
2. Transportation
  1. Eroded material is carried by the river
3. Depostion
Development
Globalisation

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