Yellow eyes

Anatomy of the liver
1. Surfaces
  1. Diaphragmatic
  2. Visceral
2. Ligaments
  1. Falciform
    1. Antero-posterior peritoneal fold
  2. Coronary ligaments
    1. Hold the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm
  3. Triangular ligaments
    1. connects the posterior part of the upper surface of the left lobe of the liver to the diaphragm
3. Hepatic recesses
  1. Subphrenic space
    1. Subhepatic space
      1. Morison’s pouch
Physiology of the liver
1. Metabolism and homeostasis
  1. Bile
    1. Storage site
      1. Detoxification
        Blood reservoir
        Drugs
        Ammonia
        Conjugatind bilirubin
      2. Vitamin A (10 month)
        vitamin D (3-4 month)
        vitamin B12 (1 year)
        Iron as ferritin
    2. Fat emulsification
      1. Cholesterol and bilirubin excretion
Biochemistry
1. Heme synthesis and degradation (picture)
Jaundice
1. Types
  1. Pre-hepatic
    1. Hemolysis or ineffective erythropoiesis
  2. Hepatic
    1. Cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma
  3. Post-hepatic (obstructive)
    1. Cholangiocarcinoma, carcinoma of the head of the pancreas
2. Physical examination
  1. Eyes,Skin
    1. Urine,Stools
      1. Scratch marks
        Enlarged gall bladder
        Vitamine deficiency
Causes of loss of appetite
1. Causes of nausea
  1. Hepatomegaly differential diagnosis
    1. Viral hepatitis
      1. Liver cancer or metastasis
        Damage from toxins
    2. Hepatitis
      1. Viral
        Hepatitis B
        Blood transfusions and needle sticks
        Hep C
        Uncooked seafood
        Sexual contact and needle sticks
        Hepatitis A and E
        Contaminated water and food
      2. Non-viral
        Bacterial
        Autoimmune
        Parasitic & helminthic
        Alcoholic
      3. Treatment
        Vaccine
        Drugs
        Interferon Alfa
        Lamivudine
        Adefovir
        Entecavir
        Recombivax-HER or Engerix-BR
      4. Signs and symptoms (picture)
  2. Food poisoning
    1. Medications
      1. Disequilibrium
2. Bacteria and viruses
  1. Cancer
    1. Pregnancy

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Yellow eyes

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