MATERIAL WORLD

Anmerkungen:

• Unit 1. Natural Science 2º ESO. Escolapios Albacete.

1. Matter

   Anmerkungen:

   • Has dimensions Has inertia Causes gravity or gravitation It could have defined or imprecise boundaries
   1. Dimensions

      Anmerkungen:

      • It has volumes, occupies space
   2. Inertia

      Anmerkungen:

      • Inertia is the resistance of any physical object to any change in  its state of motion including changes to its speed and direction or the  state of rest. It is the tendency of objects to keep moving in a straight line at constant velocity.
   3. Gravitation

      Anmerkungen:

      • Matter causes gravity. Newton's theory of gravitation
   4. Boundaries
   5. Mass

      Anmerkungen:

      • Related to the amount of mass. It's a meassurement of a body's inertia. Is a meassurement of gravitational attraction.
   6. Size
      1. Density

         Anmerkungen:

         • There is no a direct link between the mass and the size of a body. d=m/v
   7. Misconceptions

      Anmerkungen:

      • There is no link between the mass and the size. Density. Mass and weight are not the same.
2. Study
   1. Macroscopic

      Anmerkungen:

      • we can easily see without microscopes
   2. Microscopic

      Anmerkungen:

      • Invisible to the naked eye
      1. Direct Study

         Anmerkungen:

         • using appropiate instruments
      2. Indirect Study

         Anmerkungen:

         • using evidence from macroscopic observations to design models and stablish laws and theories
   3. Levels
   4. Size
      1. Scientific Notation

         Anmerkungen:

         • Way of writting and reading numbers that are too big or too small to be written in standard way. Expresses numbers as powers of ten.
      2. Orders of Magnitude

         Anmerkungen:

         • One amount of matter is so many orders of magnitude greater than another  and this is indicated by the exponen of the power of ten that results from dividing their respective sizes.
3. Atoms

   Anmerkungen:

   • All matter is made up of atoms. Are electrically neutral (the number of of electrons is equal to the number of protons)
   1. Electrical Phenomena

      Anmerkungen:

      • Helped us to deduce what atoms look alike
      1. Electric Charge
         1. Positive
            1. Glass
         2. Negative
            1. Plastic
   2. Made up of ...
      1. Nucleus
         1. Protons

            Anmerkungen:

            • Are found in the nucleus. Positive electric charge. Similar mass than a neutron.
         2. Neutrons

            Anmerkungen:

            • Together with protons, make up the nucleus. Have no electric charge. Have a mass that is almost the same as a proton's mass.
      2. Shell
         1. Electrons

            Anmerkungen:

            • Negative electric charge. 1840 times smaller than protons or neutrons. Are found in the shell.
   3. Ions

      Anmerkungen:

      • Atoms that are not neutral
      1. Anions

         Anmerkungen:

         • Atoms charged negatively
      2. Cations

         Anmerkungen:

         • Atoms charged positively
      3. Ionisation

         Anmerkungen:

         • Takes place because electrons are lost or gained.
   4. Organized...
      1. Simple Substances

         Anmerkungen:

         • Made up of only one type of atom.
         1. Single Atoms

            Anmerkungen:

            • Noble gases
         2. Large Groups

            Anmerkungen:

            • Huge numbers of atoms can be bonded together in large, regular structures.
         3. Molecules

            Anmerkungen:

            • in simple substances, two or more atoms of the same type can bond together  to form a molecule.
      2. Compounds

         Anmerkungen:

         • Made up of different types of atoms
         1. Molecules

            Anmerkungen:

            • The molecules in compounds are made up of different types of atoms.
         2. Large Groups

            Anmerkungen:

            • Ionic compounds.
            1. Ionic compounds
      3. Formulas