The Integumentary System

Beschreibung

University Integumentary System Mindmap am The Integumentary System, erstellt von mawbyharriet am 04/07/2013.
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Mindmap von mawbyharriet, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von mawbyharriet vor mehr als 11 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

The Integumentary System
  1. Components of the I'System
    1. Hair
      1. Hair is embedded. Bulb supplies blood and nutrients. Contracts - stand up when cold. 1 falls out, 1 is replaced.
      2. Nails
        1. Composed of hardened, dead epithelial cells that are keratinised and flattened. Consists of nail body, free edge, nail root, lunula (half moon), hyponychium (nail bed), eponychuim (cuticle), nail matrix - nail growth rate = 1mm per week.
        2. Muscles
          1. Nerves
            1. Glands = Epithelial cells that secrete a substance. There are several types present in skin: sebaceous glands, sudoriferous (sweat) glands, eucrine sweat glands, apocrine sweat glands and ceruminous glands.
          2. Structure of the Skin
            1. 3 parts of the skin:
              1. Hypo - dermis = (subcutaneous layer) Below dermis
                1. Dermis = Deep, thicker layer. Comprised of connective tissue
                  1. With connective tissue with blood vessels, nerves, glands and hair follicles embedded.
                  2. Epidermis = Superficial, thinner layer. Comprised of epithelial cells.
                    1. Epidermis Cell: Keratinocytes = Produce keratin and lamellar granules. Melanocytes = Produces melanin. Langerhans cells = Participate in immune responses. Markel cells = Helps to detect touch.
                    2. Cells form in basale and get slowly pushed up becoming keratinised as they near the the surface. Process takes 4 weeks on average.
                    3. Functions of the I'System
                      1. Absorption, Protection, Sense organ, Temperature, Communication, Vitamin production, Excretion. ( A PALE SKIN TURNS CRIMSON VERY EASILY).
                      2. Role of the I'System plays in maintaining homeostasis
                        1. > Protecting the body and helping to regulate body temperature. > Allows sensation of pleasurable, painful and other stimuli in external environment.
                          1. Maintaining homeostasis - Wound healing
                            1. Wound healing is the body's way of repairing any damage that occurs to the skin in order to return it to normal structure and function. > Different mechanisms for wound healing exist which vary depending on the depth of the wound. Epidermal or deep
                              1. Epidermal wound healing: > A wound that primarily affects the epidermis only: > The central deeper part of wounds may extend to the dermis but edges have minor damage the most superficial epidermal cells eg abrasions and minor wounds
                                1. Deep wound healing: > Injury extends into the dermis and even deeper into the subcutaneous tissue. > Process to heal such wounds is therefore more complex due to the different layers affected. Results in scar formation - can affect function of the skin: decreased elasticity, fewer blood vessels, fewer hairs, glands or nerve endings.
                                  1. 4 Stages of deep wound healing: > Inflammatory phase > Mitigatory phase > Proliferative phase > Maturation phase
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