1822315
Beschreibung
Mindmap von Hannah Burnett, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Hannah Burnett
vor fast 10 Jahre
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Mumbai: Case study of Urbanisation
- Location
- Western Coast of India, Asia
- Leading commercial city of
India
- Capital city of the
Maharashtra state
- Western Coast of India, Asia
- Characteristics
- Population of Mumbai 2010 - over 20million
- 2025 population estimated to be over 26million
- 2001 census: migrants accounted for 37%
of the population growth in Mumbai
- Estimated that Mumbai receives 1000
new migrants a day
- With around 9/10 migrants
coming from a rural background
- With around 9/10 migrants
coming from a rural background
- Estimated that Mumbai receives 1000
new migrants a day
- Around 1million people per square mile
- Population of Mumbai 2010 - over 20million
- Causes
- Employment rate of Dharavi was 85% in 2010
- Found that around 30% of
migrants were working in the
same job for 15-24 yrs
- Mumbai's universities produces
well-educated, English-speaking
graduates, employed by large
western companies (BT)
- Found that around 30% of
migrants were working in the
same job for 15-24 yrs
- Companies are attracted to
Mumbai - low tax rates
- Booming manufacturing industries
- Half of Mumbai's factory workers work in
the textiles industry - producing cotton for
export
- High demand for housing, factories
and offices = increase in the
construction industry
- Half of Mumbai's factory workers work in
the textiles industry - producing cotton for
export
- Mumbai has the world's largest film industry - Bollywood
- Employment rate of Dharavi was 85% in 2010
- Consequences
- Low tax rate - city has low revenue from which
to provide public services
- Most low income earners cannot afford charges for
these services = development of slums
- Most low income earners cannot afford charges for
these services = development of slums
- India's wage rates are very low = many skilled
graduates get employed by western companies
- Mumbai's wealth draws people in - but most hopefuls arriving live
in poverty = low quality of life for large % of population
- Even those with living spaces have cramped,
expensive housing far from their workplace
- Leads to overcrowded buses and trains - over 3,500 people
die on Mumbai's suburban railway each year
- Leads to overcrowded buses and trains - over 3,500 people
die on Mumbai's suburban railway each year
- Low tax rate - city has low revenue from which
to provide public services
- Redevelopment - Vision Mumbai
- Quality of life had deteriorated in
Mumbai; Slums have multiplied, as well
as congestion, pollution and water
problems
- VM = plan to transform the city into
a world-class location and to tackles
problems causing the lower quality
of life
- Work on plan started in 2004,
was completion targeted for 2013
- Work on plan started in 2004,
was completion targeted for 2013
- If the economic growth was to continue at 8-10% a year,
then the vision was to have over a million low-cost
homes built, slum populations to fall to 10-12% of their
2000 and improvements in pollution, sanitation,
education and health to be made
- Part of VM means that Dharavi and other slums will have to go
- The plan states for the land, worth $10billion, to be
sold and developed
- The plan states for the land, worth $10billion, to be
sold and developed
- In return for every square foot of new
housing built for the poor, they are
allowed 30% more for commercial
development
- 2007 = 200,000 people moved and
45,000 homes demolished in Mumbai's
slums
- Quality of life had deteriorated in
Mumbai; Slums have multiplied, as well
as congestion, pollution and water
problems
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