Baroque Art

17th - 18th centuries
1. Artistic and cultural movement
  1. Main characteristics
    1. Different to the Renaissance
      1. More emotions and complexity
        Curved, concave and convex shapes
      2. Shapes formed by colour and light
      3. Realism to highlight emotions
      4. Drama and symbolism
        Theatrical backdrops (feelings and emotions)
  2. Religious use
    1. Protestantism
      1. Bourgeoisie commissioned works
      2. Everyday life portraits...
    2. Catholicism
      1. Propaganda for the Counter-Reformation
      2. Representation of miracles to stimulate faith and piety
      3. Decorated churches that represented the gateway of heaven
        Grandeur and splendour
  3. Political use
    1. Magnificence of absolute monarchs
    2. Mansions = royal power
Architecture
1. Sense of movement
  1. Curves and spirals
    1. Curved cornices and broken pediments
  2. Floor designs
    1. Elliptical and oval shapes
  3. Lights and shades
2. Interiors
  1. Carefully decorated
    1. Columns and domes
3. Main architects
  1. Churhces, squares and fountains in Rome
    1. Bernini
    2. Borromini
4. Spain
  1. High classes and general public commissioned works
  2. Beautiful Façades
  3. Cathedral chapels renovated
  4. More regular and balanced structures
Sculpture
1. Movement
  1. Action
  2. Curved lines and folds of the clothing
2. Marble and bronze
3. Religious/Mythological escenes
4. Main sculptors
  1. Bernini
  2. Girardon
5. Spain
  1. Polychrome wood
  2. Importance of religion
  3. Dramatic realism
    1. Emaciated faces and pain
  4. Main authors
    1. Cano, De Mena, de Churriega, Tomé....
Painting
1. Colour over drawing
  1. Bright and warm colours
  2. Oil paints
2. Lights and shades
  1. Chiaroscuro
  2. Depth and create shapes
3. Realism
4. Movement
  1. Asymmetry
  2. Undulating lines
5. Catholicism
  1. Religious and royal subjects
    1. Italian school
      1. Caravaggio
        Tenebrism (contrast of dark backgrounds and sources of light)
    2. French school
      1. Poussin
        Strict rules of composition and drawing
      2. Le Nain
        Naturalism
      3. La Tour
        Chiaroscuro
    3. Flemish school
      1. Rubens
        Predominance of colours over drawing
6. Golden Age
  1. The Netherlands
    1. Few religious paintings
    2. Portraits, landscapes, everyday life...
    3. Vermeer
      1. Light and shades
  2. Spain
    1. Religious paintings, portraits, still lifes...
    2. Velázquez
      1. Use of light, aerial perspective and sfumato
      2. Complex compositions, sources of light and planes
        More intensity
      3. Humanises his paintings
        Feeling conection
    3. Zurbarán
      1. Religious paintings and still lifes
      2. Simplicity, realism and perfection through the use of light
    4. Murillo
      1. Religious scenes, genre paintings, everyday life with children and pícaros
      2. Idealised light and reality
    5. Ribera
      1. Tenebrism and drama

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Baroque Art

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