Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Gravett's meaningful vs rote learning
- Rote learning
- short term
- Learner did not construct own meaning
- Definition
- Contrived concepts
- solutions to artifical problems
- learning arbitrary associations
- Meaningful learning
- Long-term
- Acquisition and retention of complex network of interrelated ideas
- Organised body of knowledge to be incorporated in cognitive structures
- Learning not equated with memorisation (only)
- Learning vs. studying
- Learning = acquisition of new knowledge, skills and attitudes
- Studying = knowledge and skills deliberately committed to long-term memory
- Experiential learning
- Def
- Process by which knowledge is created
through the transformation of experience
- Learning is process of reflection
on and interpretation of experience
- Every one's construction of knowledge is unique
- Most important teaching task
- Consider learners' experience when mediating learning
- experiences used as the basis for formal learning
- Educator creates opportunity for
learners to construct new knowldge by
means of authentic experiences
- For learning to occur, experience
must be reconstructed/transformed
by learner
- How?
- Link learning with previous experience
- Build bridges between known and unknown
- Find similarities and differences between old and new
- Point out analogies and relationships
- Be sensitive to lifestyle/culture/gender differences
- Base learning on current experiences
- Link learning to current events (home/community/world)
- Create new experiences
- Active participation
- Role-playing
- Games
- Simulations
- Case studies
- Social interaction
- Expiditions
- Outings
- field trips
- Characteristics of
meaningful learning
- Problems
- Define problems & troubleshoots solutions
- Consider alternatives and be open to new ideas
- See issues from different perspectives
- Take responsibility to complete sustained problems
- Research
- Tolerate ambiguity
- Make and specify your assumptions
- Develop line of argument and marshal support for it
- Value evidence
- Collect, aggregate, analyze and portray data
- Produce and generate solutions
- Synthesise knowledge from a variety of sources
- Recognise that knowledge is tentative
- Attitude
- Persist in the face of failure
- Be reflective
- Self-asses own progress and make corrections
- Characteristics of
rote learning
- Memorising, parroting, cramming, regurgitation of facts
- Learning by repetition
- Reading without understanding
- Mastering foundational knowledge
- Learning unrelated facts
- Learning things that cannot be put into practice