Animal Diversity I & II

Phylum Porifera (Sponges)
1. Hollow case
2. Mesophyll
3. Suspension Feeders
Phylum Cnidaria ( Jellyfish, Corals, Anaenome)
1. Radial Symmetry
2. Sessile Polyps
3. Mobile Medusa
4. Diploblastic
5. Gastrovascular cavity
  1. Hydrostatic Skeleton
    1. A form of skeletal structure that forms due to the opposing force created between the contractile muscles of a creature and the hydraulic pressure created within it's gastro-vascular cavity
Triploblastic Development
1. Bilateral
2. 3 Types
  1. Acoelomates
    1. Solid mass of tissue
    2. Lack coelom and body cavity
  2. Psuedocoelomate
    1. Body cavity
    2. Only lined by mesoderm on one side
  3. Coelomate
    1. True coelom
    2. Lined on both sides by mesoderm
      1. Endoderm and ectoderm lined by
3. 3 Germ Layers
  1. Endoderm
  2. Ectoderm
  3. Mesoderm
    1. Increase size
    2. Hydrostatic cavity
    3. Cushioning organs
    4. Ciculate metabolites
Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)
1. Bilateral and triploblastic
2. Acoelomate
3. Locomotion by cilia and muscles
4. Limited cephalisation
Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)
1. Bilateral, triploblastic, coelomate
  1. Able to suspend complex organs
2. Segmented Body
3. Cephalsiation
  1. The concentration of sense organs, nervous control
4. Locomotion
  1. Longitudinal muscles
  2. Circular muscles
    1. Contraction of muscles lengthens segment
    2. Act on hydrostatic skeleton
Phylum Nematoda (Roundworms)
1. Bilateral, Triploblasctic, Psuedocoelomate
2. Exoskeleton
  1. Cuticle
    1. Keeps pressure on coelomic fluid - no circulatory muscles required
3. No circulatory, excretory or respiratory systems
4. Locomotion
  1. Undulations
  2. Longitudinal muscles only
Phylum Arthropoda (Crustaceans, millipedes, insects
1. Bilateral, triploblastic, coelomates
2. Most diverse range of species
3. Exoskeleton
  1. Tough, non-cellular, secreted from epidermis
  2. Provides protection, reduces effects of evaporation, muscle support
  3. Costly to produce, vulnerable during malting, limits size
4. Appendages
  1. Adaptations (e.g. insects have mouth
  2. Articulated (e.g. flexor-extendor muscles
5. Terrestrial adaptations
  1. Trachea and book lungs for gas exchange
  2. Impermeable cuticle
  3. Exoskeleton
  4. Adaptable mouth parts due to the different food sources

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Animal Diversity I & II

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