PERFECT TENSES (John López 1001)

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
1. USAGE
  1. 1) To describe a past action already started and continued up to another action or timr in the past
    1. 2) To express the duration before something in the past
      1. 3) To describe the cause of something in the past
        EXAMPLE: They were so happy because they had been celebrating at a party
      2. EXAMPLE: Sofia needed to rest because she had been training so hard to compete
    2. EXAMPLE: The girls had been swimming on the pool for about an hour when I started to warm up
2. GRAMAR STRUCTURE
  1. AFFIRMATIVE: Subject + Had + Been + Verb (ING) + Complement
    1. NEGATIVE: Subject + Had’nt / Had not + Been + Verb (ING) + Complement
      1. INTERROGATIVE: Had + Subject + Been + Verb (ING) + Complement+ ? WH+Had + Subject + Been + Verb (ING) + Complement+ ?
        EXAMPLE: (Had They been fishing for the dinner?) ( When Had They been fishing for the dinner? )
      2. EXAMPLE: he Had’nt / Had not been looking the sea all day
    2. EXAMPLE: We had been playing piano because our grandpa love the sound of the piano
PAST PERFECT TENSE
1. USAGE
  1. 5) Emphasize the result of an activity in the past
    1. 4) To emphasize the results of an activity in the past
      1. 3) To describe cause an effect (combine with past simple)
        2) To describe an action happened before a specific time in the past
        1) To describe an action finished before another past action
        EXAMPLE: Daniel had eaten when his mother arrived on the work
        EXAMPLE: Sofi had never been to an party before last night
        EXAMPLE: I was so tired because I hadn’t been slept on one week
      2. EXAMPLE: She had been to Japan twice by the time she got a job in Shanghai
    2. EXAMPLE: She had been to Japan twice by the time she got a job in Shanghai
2. GRAMAR STRUCTURE
  1. INTERROGATIVE (WH): WH Question + Had + Subject+ Verb (Past Participle) + Complement
    1. INTERROGATIVE: Had + Subject+ Verb (Past Participle) + Complement
      1. NEGATIVE: Subject + Hadn’t/Had not + Verb (Past Participle) + Complement
        AFFIRMATIVE: Subject + Had + Verb (Past Participle) + Complement
        EXAMPLE: They had bought beer for the party
        EXAMPLE: She hadn’t seen the tv never
      2. EXAMPLE: Had we trained the last weekend ?
    2. EXAMPLE: Which Had we trained the last weekend ?

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PERFECT TENSES (John López 1001)

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