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3 Approaches to Argument
- The Classical Approach
- This Approach to an argument was invented by a very famous philosopher named Aristotle. The best time to use this type of argument would be
during a persuasive type of argument. You want the audience to agree with your type of persuasive argument.
- The Classical Approah is built up heavily on The Three Appeals; Logos, Pathos and Ethos
- Organized to get your audience to agree, make a desicion
based on your view, or take your side of the argument.
- Rely's heavily on Ethos, Logos, and Pathos
- Introduction: Captures Attention of audience
- Statement of Fact: Clarrify your issue by using lots of background evidence and facts
- Proposition: State your central thesis using supportive points to back up your claim
- Refutation:: Take a look at the oppositions argument. Point out the faults throughout their argument and use it to support your claim
- Substantiation and Proof:Develope your own case using ethos, pathos and logos. Example will be needed.
- Conclusion: Summarize by foreshadowing onto your paragraphs and re explain your claim/thesis
- Conclusion: Summarize by foreshadowing onto your paragraphs and re explain your claim/thesis
- Substantiation and Proof:Develope your own case using ethos, pathos and logos. Example will be needed.
- Refutation:: Take a look at the oppositions argument. Point out the faults throughout their argument and use it to support your claim
- Proposition: State your central thesis using supportive points to back up your claim
- Statement of Fact: Clarrify your issue by using lots of background evidence and facts
- The Classical Approah is built up heavily on The Three Appeals; Logos, Pathos and Ethos
- This Approach to an argument was invented by a very famous philosopher named Aristotle. The best time to use this type of argument would be
during a persuasive type of argument. You want the audience to agree with your type of persuasive argument.
- The Toulmin's Approach
- Created by an English philosopher, and logoician.
- Identified the elements of a persuasive argument; claims, grounds, Warrants,
Backing, Qualifier, & Rebutal
- Claim: A statement that you as the author use to convince the reader to accept.
- Grounds: Basis of the persuasion throughout the essay. This is what the claim is based on.
- Warrant: Connects the data and other grounds to a claim. May be simple, or complicated. Mainly used/based on ethos, pathos, and logos
- Backing:Gives support to the warrant by answering multiple questions
- Rebuttal An argument in itself.
- Rebuttal An argument in itself.
- Backing:Gives support to the warrant by answering multiple questions
- Warrant: Connects the data and other grounds to a claim. May be simple, or complicated. Mainly used/based on ethos, pathos, and logos
- Grounds: Basis of the persuasion throughout the essay. This is what the claim is based on.
- Claim: A statement that you as the author use to convince the reader to accept.
- Created by an English philosopher, and logoician.
- The Rogerian Approach
- Named after the Psychologist Carl Rogers. He believed that people could only win or have a good argument if they had "Common Ground." The
Common Ground starts with and Introduction, then a Neutral and kind statement of the opponents position, next is an analysis, and then a proposal.
- Introduction: Briefly Defines the issue or problem
- Neutral or Non Judgmental State of the opponents Position: Demonstrates that the writer clearly understands it while using it in context
- Neutral Statement and Explanation: Position and the contexts of which it is valid
- Analysis: Of what the two positions have in common and what common grounds they both share
- A Proposal: A conclusion that is made that benifits both parties
- A Proposal: A conclusion that is made that benifits both parties
- Analysis: Of what the two positions have in common and what common grounds they both share
- Neutral Statement and Explanation: Position and the contexts of which it is valid
- Neutral or Non Judgmental State of the opponents Position: Demonstrates that the writer clearly understands it while using it in context
- Introduction: Briefly Defines the issue or problem
- Named after the Psychologist Carl Rogers. He believed that people could only win or have a good argument if they had "Common Ground." The
Common Ground starts with and Introduction, then a Neutral and kind statement of the opponents position, next is an analysis, and then a proposal.
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